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Stabilizatory oraz implanty krążka międzykręgowego kręgosłupa - przegląd konstrukcji

Skalski K., Skoworodko J., Gierzyńska-Dolna M.

Obróbka Plastyczna Metali

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2011

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T. 22, nr 4

303-317

PL

W artykule scharakteryzowano sposoby leczenia dysfunkcji i urazów kręgosłupa oraz przedstawiono różne elementy konstrukcyjne stosowane w chirurgii kręgosłupa. Z uwagi na bardziej znaczący aspekt społeczny większą uwagę zwrócono na techniki leczenia inwazyjnego wykorzystujące stabilizatory i implanty krążka międzykręgowego. Przedstawiono różne rozwiązania stabilizatorów płytkowych i prętowych. W zakresie implantów międzytrzonowych omówiono rozwiązania konstrukcyjne dotyczące jądra miażdżystego i całego krążka międzykręgowego. Przegląd konstrukcji stabilizatorów i implantów wskazuje na tendencje rozwojowe idące w kierunku przywrócenia ruchomości implantowanego odcinka kręgosłupa. Rozwiązaniami spełniającymi powyższe oczekiwania są mobilne implanty krążka międzykręgowego.

EN

The methods of treating spinal dysfunctions and injuries were characterized and various components used in spinal surgery were presented in this article. More attention was paid to invasive treatment techniques using intervertebral disk stabilizers and implants due to their greater social significance. Various solutions of plate and rod stabilizers were presented. In the scope of interbody implants, design solutions pertaining to the nucleus pulposus and the entire intervertebral disk were discussed. The survey of stabilizer and implant designs indicates developmental tendencies in the direction of restoring mobility of the implanted segment of the spine. Mobile implants of the intervertebral disk are solutions fulfilling the above expectations.

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Preoperative planning and post-operative estimation of vertebroplasty using CT/CAD/CAE systems

Skoworodko J., Skalski K., Cejmar W., Kwiatkowski K.

Acta of Bioengineering and Biomechanics

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2008

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Vol. 10, nr 2

15-22

EN

The aim of the work was to determine the stiffness of vertebral bodies after vertebroplasty by means of radiological examination (CT), computer-aided design (CAD) and computer-aided engineering (CAE) systems. Twenty six patients with angiomata in vertebrae have been examined. A vertebra with pathological changes has been modelled twice, i.e. before operation and after the process of vertebral body filling with cement. The processing of CT images for the purposes of generation of 3D vertebral body models using Mimics software is also shown. In the analysis, non-homogeneous material properties of bone in the analysed areas are taken into consideration. Some problems related to the determination of non-homogeneous areas of particular material properties are discussed. FEM analyses described in the paper yielded the distributions of the stresses, strains and displacements in vertebral bodies. The stiffnesses of healthy vertebral bodies, bodies with pathological changes and bodies with bone cement injected were compared. The usefulness of the results obtained from the analyses of vertebral body stiffness for medical application in vertebroplasty was emphasised. The method presented above allows us to put forward a different approach to the problem consisting in individual examination of each patient and planning the surgery according to the case by case conditions. The computer-aided approach, using CT/CAD/CAE system, proposed above allows both improving the surgery performance and post-operative control of the patient condition.

3

Designing and manufacturing of customized human bone endoprostheses and orthosis devices

Borkowski Pa., Borkowski P., Dietrich M., Domański J., Grygoruk R., Haraburda M., Kędzior K., Pawlikowski M., Skalski K., Skoworodko J., Szymczak B.

Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering

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2007

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Vol. 27, no. 1-2

95-104

EN

In the paper, designs of endoprostheses and orthosis devices are presented. The endoprostheses of various joints have been designed, i.e. those of the elbow joint, hip joint, knee joint and intervertebral disc. The process of design and that of manufacturing are also shown in details, as well as certain results of numerical simulations of bone behaviour after implantation. It has to be emphasised that the designed prostheses have been successfully implanted. Clinical observations indicate a proper load transfer from the prosthesis to the bone (slight bone resorption) and give good predictions as to the endoprosthesis functionality. Also some designs of orthosis devices, which facilitate paralysed people’s life, are shown.

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Design methodology of an intervertebral disc of lumbar spine

Skoworodko J.

Zeszyty Naukowe Katedry Mechaniki Stosowanej / Politechnika Śląska

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2006

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z. 26

321-326

EN

modem design process should comprise issues covering not only geometrical design, but also anatomical aspects of the bone tissue. It can be realized in the integrated computer techniques, such as: CT (Computer Tomography), CAD (Computer Aided Design), CAE (Computer Aided Engineering). Computer Tomography allows digital description and contour detection of spinal vertebra geometry. Parametrical design of vertebral body was presented. In engineering analysis, the numerical results of strain-stress state simulations are also taken into account.