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Material engineering in cardiovascular reconstruction

Major R., Lackner J. M., Gonsior M., Plutecka H.

Engineering of Biomaterials

2018

Vol. 21, no. 148

Reconstruction of the cardiovascular system: The aim of the work is to minimize thrombus formation life threatening in the pulsatile heart assist chamber, by the use of a new biomimetic heart valve made on the basis metal-polymer composites. The heart prostheses are dedicated to support the heart of patients with late heart disease failure. They are dedicated to therapy related to self-regeneration or as a bridge for transplantation. In the future, they will be able to help treatment with gene therapy for myocardial infarction. Systems with valves mechanically generate plaque activation by shear stress. This is due to the narrow gap that is between the petal and the ring. Composite materials and a new valve design can minimize this problem. Injected polyurethane with a metallic, titanium bonded insert optimal microscale flexibility with macro-stiffness for ensuring appropriate mechanical functions of the valve.

In vitro hemocompatibility of thin films materials for direct blood contact

Trembecka-Wójciga K., Major R., Lackner J. M., Plutecka H.

Engineering of Biomaterials

2015

Vol. 18, no. 132

2--8

When designing new biomaterials for tissue contact devices it is important to consider their architecture as it affects different cell response. Surface modification of tubular structures requires the use of different techniques than in the case of flat samples. Similarly, analytical techniques also need to be adapted to the specific shape of substrate. For blood contacting devices this issue is critical because of shear forces generated by fluid flow and responsible for blood components activation. This necessitates the use of diagnostic techniques dedicated for material analysis in dynamic conditions in order to simulate physiological conditions. In the frame of the work, the flat samples as well as tube like elements were considered. The flat samples were prepared for basic research. Based on the results of the basic research the thin coatings were selected for the internal side of the tube like elements which have been analysed in contact with blood using blood flow simulator. The cross section of the coating-substrate interaction was tested using transmission electron microscopy. The attachment of cells to coatings was determined by radial flow chamber. Hemocompatible analysis was carried out in two ways. The quality of the blood after the dynamic test was analysed using flow cytometry. In this case the aggregates formation, platelet consumption and apoptosis derived microparticles were considered. The amount of cells adhered to the materials surfaces was determined by confocal laser microscopy.