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Recent Challenges of Biogas Production and its Conversion to Electrical Energy

Syahri Siti Noor Khaleeda Mhd, Abu Hasan Hassimi, Abdullah Siti Rozaimah Sheikh, Othman Ahmad Razi, Abdul Peer Mohamed, Azmy Raja Farzarul Hanim Raja, Muhamad Mohd Hafizuddin

Journal of Ecological Engineering

2022

Vol. 23, nr 3

251--269

A pressing concern of issues such as climate change has drawn main attention in the world. The burning of fossil fuels by human due to increasing energy demand in various sectors is one of the main factors that influence the climate change. This has resulted in the introduction of many renewable energy sources as alternatives to fossil fuels. Biogas is one type of renewable energy that has numerous advantages. The present review covers the recent challenges of biogas production and its conversion to electrical energy. This includes the substrates used, the operating parameters, and the pre-treatment used, which can be implemented to maximise the biogas yield. The challenges and potential of the generation of electricity from biogas were also discussed in this review. The results obtained in this review emphasise that biogas is a good renewable energy, as it solves multiple problems and at the same brings benefits to human beings in many ways.

Phytoremediation Efficiency of Water Hyacinth for Batik Textile Effluent Treatment

Safauldeen Suhair Hussein, Abu Hasan Hassimi, Abdullah Siti Rozaimah Sheikh

Journal of Ecological Engineering

2019

Vol. 20, nr 9

177--187

The present study focused on the phytoremediation efficiency of water hyacinth for the batik effluent treatment. Three operating factors were investigated such as retention times (0 to 28 days), batik effluent strength (20, 30 and 60%), and number of water hyacinth clumps (8, 10 and 12 clumps). The water hyacinth efficiencies was monitored through the measurement of dry weight, color, chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solid (TSS), and pH. The highest efficiency of color and COD in the batik effluent treatment were achieved at day 7 with 83% (61 mg/L) and 89% (147 ADMI) removals, respectively. Both wastewater parameters were removed to below the Standard A for COD and Standard B for color. Meanwhile for TSS, the removal decreased as the batik effluent strength increased, where the highest removal (92%) was achieved at day 28 with 8 number of plant clumps. The pH was observed in range of 6 to 7. The results indicated that water hyacinth would be the best option for the low cost batik effluent treatment.