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Assessment of The Influence of Anthropogenic Pollution on Water Quality of the Ciemięga River

Jóźwiakowski Krzysztof, Listosz Agnieszka, Micek Agnieszka, Marzec Michał, Gizińska-Górna Magdalena, Rybczyńska-Tkaczyk Kamila, Bohacz Justyna, Wójcik Mateusz, Brodowska Natalia

Journal of Ecological Engineering

2021

Vol. 22, nr 5

143--155

The aim of this paper was to evaluate the influence of anthropogenic pollution on the water quality of the Ciemięga River, which flows through the Jastków commune, located in the Lublin Province in the South-Eastern Poland. The analyses of the river water were conducted in the years 2019–2020. Each year, the samples for physicochemical analyses were collected seasonally (in February, May, August and November) from the seven selected Ciemięga River sampling points found in the following localities: Ożarów, Moszenki, Sieprawice, Jastków, Snopków and Jakubowice Konińskie. In addition, 3 series of microbiological analysis were conducted in 2020. Electrolytic conductivity, total phosphorus, nitrate-nitrogen and sulfates constituted the physicochemical indicators of poor water quality in the river. Their average values exceeded the standards for the 2nd class of water quality. High concentration of these indicators, especially of the total phosphorus, could have been related to the influx of domestic wastewater from agricultural holdings, wastewater flows from agricultural areas as well as soil erosion and leaching. The levels of E. coli bacteria and fecal coliform allocated the Ciemięga River waters to the 4th class of water quality and could result from domestic wastewater flow to the river. In order to improve the water quality of the Ciemięga River, it is necessary to reduce or eliminate point and non-point sources of pollution by means of streamlining of the agricultural areas fertilization, regulating the water and wastewater management, regulating of the waste management, as well as the appropriate spatial policy and landscaping of the water catchment areas.

Removal of a textile dye (RBBR) from the water environment by fungi isolated from lignocellulosic composts

Bohacz Justyna

Archives of Environmental Protection

2020

Vol. 46, no. 2

12--20

A representative group of hydrophilic fungi from the genus Trichoderma isolated from lignocellulose composts with varying degrees of maturity was analyzed for their ability to biodegrade a harmful anthraquinone dye, i.e. Remazol Brilliant Blue R (RBBR). In RBBR-containing post-culture liquids, there were determined the degree of RBBR decolorization, horseradish peroxidase-like, superoxide dismutase-like, and xylanase activities, and the concentrations of low-molecular phenolic compounds. The study results demonstrated that Trichoderma asperellum, T. harzianum, and T. lixii strains isolated from compost containing larger amounts of easily available lignocellulose fractions, i.e. grasses, exhibit higher RBBR decolorization efficiency ranging from 0.3 to 62% than T. citrinoviride strains isolated from compost II, which contained greater quantities of hardly degradable lignocellulose. The decolorization of remazol blue R by the investigated Trichoderma strains intensified significantly with the increase in peroxidase activity and it was correlated with a decline in the content of low-molecular phenolic compounds. The dynamics of changes in the horseradish peroxidase-like, superoxide dismutase, and xylanase activities in the aqueous post-culture liquids of the investigated fungal strains depended largely on the duration of the culture. Given their ability to adapt to water environments, e.g. wastewater, and to decolorize and detoxify the RBBR anthraquinone dye, Trichoderma fungi can be used for bioremediation of such environments.