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Modeling and uncertainty estimation of gravity anomaly over 2D fault using very fast simulated annealing global optimization

Rao Khushwant, Biswas Arkoprovo

Acta Geophysica

2021

Vol. 69, no. 5

1735--1751

Difficult understanding of gravity effects on the 2D vertical and inclined faults for the delineation of subsurface structure for gravity exploration is slow and cumbersome. Hence, a fast and efficient algorithm is established for the interpretation of gravity anomaly over 2D inclined and vertical fault. The method can simultaneously determine all parameters such as the depth to the top (z) and base (h), dip angle (α), amplitude coefficient (k), and location of the fault plane on the surface (x0) of a hidden thin faulted slab from the observed gravity data. The developed algorithm can effectively interpret all parameters for dipping and vertical fault even though there is no subsurface drilling information. Interpretation of all the parameters suggests that there is no uncertainty for 2D inclined and vertical fault. However, if the detachment tip of the fault is at a larger depth, then the dip of the fault shows some uncertainty. The present code has been applied to non-noisy synthetic anomaly data and Gaussian noisy anomaly. Furthermore, the algorithm was also verified on three field examples from Egypt, and the USA for exploration. The appraised value of all the parameters is found to be in decent agreement with earlier published works and borehole information wherever available.

Interpretation of gravity anomaly over 2D vertical and horizontal thin sheet with fnite length and width

Biswas Arkoprovo

Acta Geophysica

2020

Vol. 68, no. 4

1083--1096

Gravity data are often used for delineation of the lateral and vertical extension of mineralized bodies buried at diferent depths. Various parameters associated with the buried bodies are the primary concern for mineral exploration purposes. Hence, a reliable and efcacious interpretation method is developed for the delineation of gravity anomaly data over the 2D vertical and horizontal sheet with fnite length and width associated with mineralized bodies. The parameters viz. amplitude coefcient (k), location (x0), depth to the top of the body (h), length of the sheet (L), and shape factor (q) for 2D vertical sheet type structure and depth (h) and width (w) of the sheet for 2D horizontal sheet were resolved. Restricting x0 and q has given very reliable results for the 2D vertical sheet, and the w for 2D horizontal sheet shows the problem of equivalence. However, in all cases, the delineated parameters are within the expected uncertainty. The present interpretation method was applied to synthetic and noisy data and three feld examples from the USA, Canada, and Sweden for mineral exploration purposes. It has also been seen that the present study is more reliable in delineating the actual structure associated with mineralized bodies for the 2D vertical and horizontal sheet-type structure. The delineated parameters are in outstanding agreement with the earlier works, borehole information and also updated the actual subsurface structure.