Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

The variability of natural and climatic conditions in investment projects in the field of nature management

Rokochinskiy Anatoliy, Frolenkova Nadia, Turcheniuk Vasyl, Volk Pavlo, Prykhodko Natalіa, Tykhenko Ruslan, Openko Ivan

Journal of Water and Land Development

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2021

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no. 48

48--54

EN

The article focuses on the actual scientific and practical problem of accounting for the influence of meteorological and climatic factors in the technical and economic calculations in the field of environmental management. It has been proven that the introduction of scientifically sound and effective methods of using meteorological and climatic information in economic calculations significantly reduces the loss caused by weather conditions and improves the implementation of an optimal strategy for agricultural production on reclaimed lands. Such calculations are based on economic and statistical modelling of different variants that accounting for standard hydrometeorological information in the implementation of design, management and economic decisions. This increases the validity and reliability of calculations, as well as their compliance with the actual operating conditions of environmental and economic facilities. Consequently, this attracts increased interest of both public and private investors. Not only under such conditions is a sustainable development of environmental management sectors possible but also the adaptation to global climate change and additional benefits from the efficient economic activity in the new environmental conditions.

2

Mathematical modelling of filtration processes in drainage systems with different depths of drainage

Havryliuk Volodymyr, Bomba Andrii, Pinchuk Oleg, Gerasimov Ievgenii, Klimov Serhii, Tkachuk Mykola, Turcheniuk Vasyl

Journal of Water and Land Development

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2021

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no. 50

74--78

EN

The article discusses the option for the application of the methodology for the solution of boundary value problems on the conformal mapping for the calculation of filtration process in the horizontal systematic drainage, provided that the drain is installed at a different depth. In particular, the case of methods combining fictitious areas and quasiconformal mappings for solving nonlinear boundary conditions problems for calculating filtration regimes in soils with free sections of boundaries (depression curves) and intervals of the “drainage” type. As an example, the authors designed a hydrodynamic flow grid, determined the values of the flows to the drain, established a section line and elicited other process characteristics. The algorithm for the numerical solution of model nonlinear boundary conditions problems of quasiconformal reflection in areas bounded by two equipotential lines and two flow lines, when for one of the sections, the boundary is an unknown (free) curve with fixed and free ends. The conducted numerical calculations prove that the problems and algorithms of their numerical solution, with a relatively small iterations number (k = 141) suggested in the paper, can be applied in the simulation of nonlinear filtration processes that arise in horizontal drainage systems. Total filtration flow obtained Q = 0.9 dm3∙s–1; flow for drains Q1 = 0.55 dm3∙s–1 and Q2 = 0.35 dm3∙s–1 are quite consistent with practically determined values.

3

Evaluation of ecological and economic efficiency of investment in water management and land reclamation projects

Kovalenko Pyotr, Rokochinskiy Anatoliy, Volk Pavlo, Turcheniuk Vasyl, Frolenkova Nadiia, Tykhenko Ruslan

Journal of Water and Land Development

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2021

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no. 48

81--87

EN

The article is devoted to the actual scientific and practical problem of improving methodological and methodical approaches to the evaluation of design solutions in the water management and land reclamation industry based on the ecological and economic principles in conditions of uncertainty. The current stage of the development of the water management sector in Ukraine is characterized by a combination of past negligence and the present energy, food and water crises, as well as global climate change. To solve these problems, it is necessary to reform organizational-economic relations in the industry, including new sources and forms of financing for water management and land reclamation projects, introduction of new environmentally advanced technologies, and the improvement of the existing ecological and economic evaluation of investments. Based on scientific and methodological recommendations used for evaluating the effectiveness of investment in various spheres of economic activity, the authors developed and implemented an improved methodology for the evaluation of water management and land reclamation projects. It is based on methodological approaches that cover such elements as the variety of options, changes in the value of money over time, specific project implementation environment, including the impact of weather, climate and environmental factors on project performance, multilevel and gradual evaluation of a project against specific criteria and according to stages of the project cycle. The method was tested during the reconstruction of a rice irrigation system in the steppe zone of about 3000 ha in Ukraine. Economic results, namely the deterministic payback period and investment return index confirm that the proposed mechanism, unlike the traditional one, increases the economic and environmental feasibility of water management and land reclamation projects. Therefore, it stimulates investment in the land reclamation sector.

4

Forecasted estimation of the efficiency of agricultural drainage on drained lands

Rokochinskiy Anatoliy, Volk Pavlo, Pinchuk Oleg, Turcheniuk Vasyl, Frolenkova Nadiia, Gerasimov Ievgenii

Journal of Water and Land Development

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2019

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no. 40

149--153

EN

In the article we developed the design principles and implementation of a complex model and optimized the design parameters of drainage. The study was based on the implementation of interconnected structural and technological forecasting simulation and optimization model blocks, which in turn allowed to justify the optimal design parameters and drainage considering multiple natural and agronomic conditions and reclamation facilities. Example of evaluating the performance of drainage on drained lands was made for the conditions of a real project, implemented on lands of agricultural holding “May Day” located within of drainage system “Ikva” in the Rivne region. For the object conditions (average decade formation conditions of the drainage flow module for growing perennial grasses, winter cereals and potatoes) the estimated duration of the growing season was 214 days (100%), of which the total duration of drainage was 60% and included different levels of efficiency: 39% – ecological, 15.5% – technological and 5.5% – economic. The duration of its critical operations (forming module drainage flow exceeds the design of its value) does not exceed 5%. Thus, this approach enables the assessment of drainage with predetermined or specified parameters in the construction or renovation of drainage systems on different levels of effectiveness. It can be effectively used in the overall complex predictive and optimization calculations to substantiate the design and parameters of agricultural drainage, taking into account the variability of natural agrotechnical and reclamation conditions of a real object.

PL

W pracy rozwinięto zasady projektowania i wdrażania złożonego modelu oraz zoptymalizowano parametry projektowe drenażu. Badania oparto na wdrożeniu wzajemnie powiązanych symulacji strukturalnych i technologicznych oraz na optymalizacji bloków modelowych, co pozwoliło uzasadnić optymalne parametry projektowe z uwzględnieniem wielu czynników przyrodniczych, rolniczych i urządzeń melioracyjnych. Jako przykład oceny działania systemu drenarskiego przyjęto rzeczywisty projekt wdrażany na ziemiach przedsiębiorstwa rolniczego „May Day” usytuowanego w systemie drenarskim „Ikva” regionu Równe. W warunkach panujących na badanym obiekcie (dekadowe średnie warunki przepływu wód w uprawie wieloletnich traw, zbóż ozimych i ziemniaków) oszacowana długość sezonu wegetacyjnego wynosiła 214 dni (100%), przy czym przez 60% tego czasu woda była drenowana. Efektywność zależała w 39% od czynników ekologicznych, 15,5% – technologicznych i 5,5% – ekonomicznych. Długość operacji krytycznych (przekraczających wartość planowaną) była mniejsza niż 5%. Prezentowane podejście umożliwia ocenę drenażu ze wstępnie ustalonymi szczegółowymi parametrami w warunkach budowy lub renowacji systemów odwadniających o różnym stopniu wydajności. Może być zatem wykorzystane w złożonych obliczeniach prognostycznych i optymalizacyjnych jako wsparcie projektów rolniczego drenażu z uwzględnieniem zmienności naturalnych warunków agrotechnicznych i melioracyjnych konkretnego obiektu.