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Occurrence of potentially human pathogenic bacteria in the seawater and in the sand of the recreational coastal beach in the southern Baltic Sea

Mudryk Z. J., Gackowska J., Skórczewski P., Perliński P., Zdanowicz M.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2014

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Vol. 43, No. 4

366--373

EN

The occurrence and the distribution of potentially human pathogenic bacteria such as Aeromonas, Pseudomonas aeruoginosa, Staphylococcus and Vibrio-like organisms in the sand and the adjacent seawater of the recreational coastal beach were studied. The highest mean number among these four studied groups of bacteria was represented by Aeromonas-like organisms and the lowest one by Staphylococcus-like organisms. Dry sand was inhabited by the highest number of all studied potentially pathogenic bacteria. Within a year, the number of the studied bacteria inhabiting the sand and the seawater showed considerable monthly changes. There were differences in the abundance of potentially pathogenic bacteria between the surface and the subsurface sand layers with a clear decrease in their number toward the deeper layers of the sand.

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Antibiotic resistance of Staphylococcus-like organisms isolated from a recreational sea beach on the southern coast of the Baltic Sea as one of the consequences of anthropogenic pressure

Skórczewski P., Mudryk Z. J., Miranowicz J., Perlinski P., Zdanowicz M.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2014

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Vol. 43, No. 1

41--48

EN

Antibiotic resistance of Staphylococcus-like organisms (STLO) isolated from a recreational sea beach located on the southern coast of the Baltic Sea was studied. The results of the present study showed that STLO inhabiting sand and seawater of the beach strongly differed in the resistance level to tested antibiotics. These microorganisms were most resistant to ampicillin, penicillin, oxytetracycline and susceptible to gentamicin, neomycin and streptomycin. Moreover, the level of antibiotic resistance among bacteria isolated from different parts of the beach also differed. Bacteria inhabiting the seawater, shoreline and the middle part of the beach were more antibiotic-resistant than bacteria isolated from the dune. The majority of bacteria inhabiting the seawater and sand were resistant to 3–8 antibiotics out of 12 tested in this study. Generally, there was no difference in antibiotic resistance between Staphylococcus-like organisms isolated from the surface and subsurface sand layers. STLO strains isolated from Ustka Beach were most resistant to β-lactam and tetracycline antibiotics, and most susceptible to aminoglycosides.

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Distribution and abundance of microflora in sandy beaches on the southern coast of the Baltic Sea

Mudryk Z. J., Perliński P., Skórczewski P., Wielgat M., Zdanowicz M.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2013

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Vol. 42, No. 3

324--331

EN

The abundance of actinomycetes, filamentous fungi and yeasts in the marine epipsammon habitat and their spatial distribution were studied with conventional plating techniques in two marine beaches (Ustka and Czołpino, southern Baltic Sea) which are characterized by different anthropic pressure levels. Actinomycetes constituted the predominant group of studied microorganisms, while the least numerous were yeasts in the sand of both studied beaches. On both of the beaches researched in this study, the amounts of accumulated actinomycetales, fungi and yeasts were similar. When analyzing the distribution of the microflora along the horizontal beach profiles we found significant differences. In the sand collected along the profile perpendicular to the shoreline in Ustka and Czołpino beaches, the highest numbers of actinomycetes, filamentous fungi and yeasts were noted in the samples from the dune and the lowest in those from the subtidal zone and waterline. Generally, higher numbers of studied microorganisms were observed in the surface than in the subsurface sand layer. The occurrence of actinomycetes, filamentous fungi and yeasts showed considerable seasonal variation.

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Interaction of estuarine bacterioneuston and bacterioplankton with elevated mercury concentrations

Mudryk Z. J., Dwulit M.

Polish Journal of Ecology

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2004

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Vol. 52, nr 3

301-310

EN

The effect of different concentrations of mercury on the number and respiratory activity of neustonic and planktonic bacteria derived from estuarine Lake Gardno (Baltic Coast, Poland) was studied. The laboratory experiments demonstrated that mercuric ions (Hg^2+) exhibited toxic effects on abundance and oxygen uptake of neustonic and planktonic bacteria. Bacterioneuston and bacterioplankton showed different responses to the mercuric ions. The neustonic bacteria showed higher levels of tolerance to various concentrations of Hg (10-15 mg dm^-3) in the culture medium than the planktonic ones (<10 mg dm^-3). It was found out that the bacteria isolated from freshwater zone of Lake Gardno were more tolerant to the increasing concentration of mercury ions (10-20 mg dm^-3) than bacteria isolated from the seawater and mixed zones of lakes. Non-pigmented bacteria from all layers and zones were more tolerant to the higher Hg^2+ concentrations than pigmented ones. High concentrations (above 8 [mi]g cm^-3) of mercury chloride in the respiratory substrate blocked completely oxygen uptake by neustonic and planktonic bacteria.

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The occurrence and activity of sulphate-reducing bacteria in the bottom - sediments of the Gulf of Gdańsk

Mudryk Z. J., Podgórska B., Ameryk A., Bolałek J.

Oceanologia

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2000

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No. 42 (1)

105-117

EN

The paper presents the results of investigations concerning the number, distribution and physiological activity of sulphate-reducing bacteria (SRB) inhabiting the bottom sediments of the Gulf of Gdansk. The numbers of this group of bacteria range between 0.76 x 103 and 1.27 x 104 cells per g wet sediment. The bacterial sulphate reduction rate in bottom sediments of this area of the Baltic Sea varies from 1.89 to 31.6 nM SO42– g-1 24 h-1. The numbers of SRB and their physiological activity were subject to considerable seasonal fluctuations, maximum values being noted in summer (June) and minima in spring (April). A direct relationship has been found between the number of SRB and hydrogen sulphide concentrations; there is, however, no such relationship with reference to sulphate concentrations. The numbers and distributions of SRB demonstrated considerable variation in a depth profile of bottom sediments. SRB inhabiting the bottom sediments of the Gulf of Gdansk were able to use three different organic substrates (lactate, acetate, propionate) as electron donors and as carbon and energy sources.