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Analysis of Height Stability of Object Points of Monolithic Construction

Labant Slavomír, Stankova Hana, Sustek Pavel, Leicher Lubomir, Jadviscokova Tereza, Hulanova Martina, Bruna Vladimir, Rakay Stefan

Inżynieria Mineralna

2024

Vol. 2, no. 1

7--16

Geodetic measurements aim to monitor the behaviour of objects and prevent various degrees of non-functionality or destruction. By measuring vertical movements, the height stability of the monolithic building is monitored concerning the previous stages of measurement. The measurements were carried out using a digital levelling instrument, the Leica DNA03 and invar code bars GPCL2 with a length of 2 m. The object points were mainly stabilized in the supporting structure of the building, but stabilization in the ceiling was also necessary in problematic areas. Object points in the ceiling were measured using a special metal hanging holder for levelling rods. After the initial verification of the measured elevations, and whether they meet the accuracy criteria, processing followed by the application of the Gauss-Markov model based on the method of least squares corrections. The estimates of the unknown parameters from the stage measurements were used to calculate the height differences of the observed points, which characterize the behaviour of the monolithic object. Significant height changes were detected based on the accuracy of the estimated heights, determining whether they represented significant drops or just an accumulation of measurement errors. The height changes of the object points were graphically visualized in 1D as time series of decline and in 2D as isolines of vertical displacements based on the floor plan of the monolithic building.

Pomiary geodezyjne mają na celu monitorowanie zachowania obiektów i zapobieganie różnym stopniom ich niefunkcjonalności lub zniszczeniu. Mierząc przemieszczenia pionowe, monitoruje się stabilność wysokości budynku monolitycznego w odniesieniu do po-przednich etapów pomiaru. Pomiary przeprowadzono przy użyciu niwelatora cyfrowego Leica DNA03 oraz pasków kodowych invar GPCL2 o długości 2 m. Punkty obiektu stabilizowano głównie w konstrukcji nośnej budynku, lecz w miejscach problematycznych konieczna była także stabilizacja w stropie. Punkty obiektowe w suficie mierzono za pomocą specjalnego metalowego uchwytu do zawieszania łat poziomujących. Po wstępnej weryfikacji zmierzonych wysokości i tego, czy spełniają one kryteria dokładności, nastę-puje obróbka, po której następuje zastosowanie modelu Gaussa-Markowa opartego na metodzie poprawek najmniejszych kwadratów. Oszacowania nieznanych parametrów z pomiarów etapowych posłużyły do obliczenia różnic wysokości obserwowanych punktów, które charakteryzują zachowanie obiektu monolitycznego. Znaczące zmiany wysokości wykryto na podstawie dokładności szacowa-nych wysokości, określając, czy reprezentują one znaczne spadki, czy po prostu kumulację błędów pomiarowych. Zmiany wysokości punktów obiektu zwizualizowano graficznie w 1D jako szeregi czasowe spadku oraz w 2D jako izolinie przemieszczeń pionowych na podstawie planu piętra monolitycznego budynku.

Establishment of local geodetic networks based on least-squares adjustments of GNSS baseline vectors

Weiss Gabriel, Labant Slavomír, Gasinec Juraj, Stankova Hana, Cernota Pavel, Weiss Erik, Weiss Roland

Advances in Geodesy and Geoinformation

2022

Vol. 71, no. 1

art. no. e15, 2022

Slope deformations, i.e., all types of landslides of rock masses (flow, creep, fall down, etc.), caused by gravitational forces, are the most widespread implementation of geological hazards and a negative geomorphological phenomenon that threatens the security of the population, destroy all utility values of the affected regions, negatively affects the environment, and cause considerable economic damage. Nowadays, the Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) provide accurate data for precise observations around the world due to the growing number of satellites from multiple operators, as well as more powerful and advanced technologies and the implementation of mathematical and physical models more accurately describing systematic errors that degrade GNSS observations such as ionospheric, tropospheric, and relativistic effects or multipath. The correct combination of measurement methods provides even more precise, i.e., better measurement results or estimates of unknown parameters. The combination of measurement procedures and their significant evaluations represent the essential attribute of deformation monitoring of landslides concerning the protection of the environment and the population’s safety in the interest areas for the sustainable development of human society. This article presents the establishment and use of a local geodetic network in particular local space for various needs. Depending upon the specific conditions, it is possible to use GNSS technology to obtain accurate observations and achieve the results applicable to the deformation survey for subsequent processing of the adjustment procedure.

Track planarity and verticality of the warehouse racks for the quality assessment of further operation

Labant Slavomír, Bindzárová Gergel’ová Marcela, Rákay Štefan, Weiss Erik, Zuzik Jozef

Geodesy and Cartography

2019

Vol. 68, no. 2

305--319

The content of this paper is dedicated to the analysis of the flat planarity of forklift stacker’s track and cross sections of lanes between racks in a warehouse. These results will serve as a basis for a possible reconstruction of the track and racks and shall contribute to the overall reduction of costs related to an unexpected bad technical condition. The contribution aims to assess the geometric parameters of warehouse racks at the selected company operation in terms of their suitability for further use. The choice of the selected topic represents a relevant issue, which can be possibly encountered in daily practice related to the storage and transport processes of products. The measurements and processing of longitudinal profiles and cross-sections were made in the local coordinate and local vertical system. Points on the lower, middle and upper level of racks were measured for good and correct interpretation of results. Testing the measured positional change of poles is on the end of this paper. The immediate readiness of interest groups of subjects for adopting necessary actions to ensure the stability and safe operation of the whole network of lanes of the warehouse spaces is the expected contribution of the presented results.