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Investigation and Analysis the Activity of Al-Hindiya Barrage for the Water Demand Issue in Babylon Province, Iraq

Jaber Wisam S., Omran Zainab A., Alquzweeni Saif S.

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2023

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Vol. 24, iss. 9

337--346

EN

The Euphrates River faces seasonal changes in water flow in spring, the formations of snowmelt on mountains start to melt leading to increase water levels. In other hand, the water stream flow tends to shrinkage during the draught in the hot months. Climatic patterns, that contain the droughts and the raising of temperatures, influence the water levels. Al-Hindiya Barrage is the main regulation system that provides the water quantities toward Al-Hilla River stream. The fluctuation in water sharing can negatively impact the required productivity of water. The study aimed to build management system for water sharing in Babylon Province that can be used for improve the plan to conserve water demand in domestic and agriculture requirements. The study processed the analysis and modeling by starting of collecting initial data of the average flow rates in Euphrates River toward the Al-Hindiya Barrage for the past ten years. The data also included the annual production of the main crops according to the areas bounded Al-Hilla River. The population growth was calculated for the years up to 2048 then the daily water demand and the water demand for agriculture were determined for the future years and curve fittings were applied to get the correlation equations. The investigation of the water requirements for the main crops (wheat, barely, and corn) was satisfied. The study used the equations of correlation for daily water demand and for crops production to derive Water Demand Index WDI for summer and winter to enhance the water sharing management in the water distribution system. The water demand for agriculture were estimated for the regions in Babylon province: (Hilla City, Abi Gharaq, Al-Hindiya Barrage, Al Midhatiya, Al Hashimiyah, and Al-Qasim). The study achieved in the explanation of WDI two goals: first was managing of water sharing for better conserving, and second was the availability of extra water quantities to be stored for future using.

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An Innovative Interaction between Organo-Kaolinite and Methyl Orange for Industrial Wastes Removal – A Kinetic Investigation and Modeling

Al-Zubaidi Hussein A. M., Alquzweeni Saif S., Al-Khalaf Safaa K. Hashim, Naje Ahmed Samir

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2023

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Vol. 24, iss. 8

329--345

EN

Since organic dyes are the main component of many industrial wastes, it is necessary to be removed efficiently and instantaneously. The aim of this research focuses on the synthesizing of organoclay by modifying kaolinite with cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide and applying it for the removal of (methyl-orange) dye from water by the mechanisms of adsorption. The effects of several parameters, mainly agitation time, water pH, adsorbent doses, and dye concentrations, on the adsorption process were optimised using the central composite design (CCD) method, which was performed using MINITAB package (version 17). Results showed that the dye was completely (100%) removed at pH of 4.0, adsorbent dose of 0.4 g, dye concentration of 50 mg/L, and agitation speed of 160 rpm. In addition, it was found that Freundlich and Sips isotherms were the best models to track lab data. Moreover, the Pseudo second order method was found to be more convenient compared to other models for studying kinetics of the sorption mechanism. For column testing, an appropriate hydraulic conductivity and reactivity were obtained by combining modificatory kaolinite and glass waste with weight proportions of 50:50. Thus, empirical simulations such as those in the kinetic model of Clark have provided satisfactory consent for using the simulated methyl orange.

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A novel application of building demolition waste for removal benzene from aqueous solutions

Alquzweeni Saif S., Hassan Afrah A., Alkizwini Rasha S.

Przegląd Naukowy Inżynieria i Kształtowanie Środowiska

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2021

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Vol. 30, No. 1

86--97

EN

A novel application of building demolition waste for removal benzene from aqueous solutions. In this research, demolition waste from buildings has been studied for possible use as benzene removal adsorbent from aquatic solution. The effect of adsorbent dosage, contact time, initial benzene concentration, and initial pH on benzene adsorption capacity have been investigated in the batch adsorption experiments. The adsorption effects initially happened very rapidly and achieved equilibrium within 180 min. Benzene removal was observed to decrease by an increase in the initial concentration of benzene of 300–700 mg·L–1, an increase in the adsorbent dose of 0.4–2.4 g per 100 mL, where an optimum adsorbent dose equal to 1.2 g per 100 mL was found. The potential of adsorption increases with pH 3.0–7.0 to reach the maximum removal efficiency at pH 6.0. The findings showed that equilibrium data were adequately adapted and correlated with the Freundlich isotherm models. The average percentage of the removal at room temperature was about 98%. Results suggest that building demolition waste can be used effectively in industrial wastewater treatment for the removal of aromatic hydrocarbon, benzene, as a low-cost option.