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Combination of Geographic Information Systems and Multicriteria Analysis for Waste Landfill Site Selection – A Case Study of Kenitra Province, Morocco

Titafi Asmae, Naoui Basma, Khaddari Achraf, Bejjaji Zohra, Tayebi Mohamed, Latifa Ben Akka, El Idrissi Soukaina

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

2024

Vol. 25, iss. 12

55--69

In the last decade, Morocco has experienced increased population, urban expansion, and improper environmental management, leading to a significant rise in waste production. This situation has exacerbated waste landfill issues, particularly in coastal areas such as Kenitra province, in the north-western part of Morocco. In this region, landfills have been responsible for the degradation and pollution of air, soil, and water resources. Therefore, identifying suitable sites for waste landfills is essential for achieving sustainable environmental management in the study area. The objective of this study was to provide, for the first time, a map of suitable waste landfill sites in Kenitra province. To achieve this objective, a database consisting of nine parameters was collected from environmental and socio-economic sources. The data was gathered and spatialized using various techniques. Subsequently, the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and geographic information system (GIS) were employed to generate the final map of suitable waste landfill sites. The results indicate that the study area can be classified into four categories: 78% of the area is not suitable for landfill development, while areas classified as less suitable, moderately suitable, and highly suitable constitute 1%, 17%, and 4% of the surface, respectively. On the basis of these findings, three potential landfill locations that meet stringent environmental, social, and technical criteria have been proposed. This work represents the first attempt at improving landfill management in Kenitra province. The combination of AHP and GIS techniques offers a novel approach to landfill site selection. However, additional studies could be conducted, taking into account the results of this study, other parameters, and new data that may become available in the future. The map of suitable landfill sites provides a scientific foundation and could aid in developing the management strategies to mitigate pollution and guide territorial planning in the study area.