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3 Journal of Ecological Engineering

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Recent Progress of Phytoremediation-Based Technologies for Industrial Wastewater Treatment

Yuliasni Rustiana, Kurniawan Setyo Budi, Marlena Bekti, Hidayat Mohamad Rusdi, Kadier Abudukeremu, Ma Peng Cheng, Imron Muhammad Fauzul

Journal of Ecological Engineering

2023

Vol. 24, nr 2

208--220

Phytoremediation is considered of a cost effective and environmentally friendly technology and has been used successfully for the remediation of soils and water contaminated with various pollutants. Specifically for full scale application to treat industrial wastewater, phytoremediation is used as sole technology for different types of wetlands. However, phytoremediation of polluted water in wetland type reactor has been mostly studied as black box. The method to measure the performance is only based on pollutant removal efficiency and there is very limited information available about of the pollutant removal mechanisms and process dynamics in these systems. Thus, the aim of this chapter was to briefly review basic processes of phytoremediation, its mechanisms and parameters, and its interaction between rhizo-remediation and microbe-plant. In addition, this chapter also elaborated phytoremediation challenges and strategies for full-scale application, its techniques to remove both organic and inorganic contaminants by aquatic plants in water, and some examples of applications in industries.

Full-Scale Application of Up-flow High Rate Anaerobic Reactor with Substrate Modification and Effluent Recirculation for Sugarcane Vinasse Degradation and Biogas Generation

Harihastuti Nani, Yuliasni Rustiana, Djayanti Silvy, Handayani Novarina Irnaning, Rame Rame, Prasetio Adi, Kadier Abudukeremu

Journal of Ecological Engineering

2021

Vol. 22, nr 4

314--324

This study was aimed at studying the potential of biogas (methane) production from vinasse wastewater in real full-scale application using a two-stage sequencing Up-flow High Rate Anaerobic Reactor (UHRAR), with effluent recirculation and substrate modification. A batch experiment was initially conducted prior to the full-scale application experiment. The batch experiment was done with experimental condition variable: undiluted sample (pH 6) and diluted samples (pH: 5; 6 and 7), while pH and methane production were observed for 50 days. Full-scale application was carried out in two-stage UHRAR reactors with volume 60 m3, HRT 40 d and OLR 60.1–104 kg COD/m3•d. The observation lasted for 32 d. The result from the batch experiment showed that the diluted samples achieved higher COD degradation and methane generation than the undiluted sample. The optimum condition occurred at pH 7, with theoretical methane yield of 7.5–10.64 L CH4 per kg COD. In turn, in full scale application, at day 32, COD removal was 71% (69.1 kg COD/d removed), with methane production was 36.72 m3 CH4/d. Methane production per COD removed was 0.53 m3 CH4/kg COD•d. Substrate modification and effluent recirculation could improve the substrate biodegradability, maintain microbial diversity and enrich nutrients in the reactor.

Water Desalination and Bioelectricity Generation Using Three Chambers Microbial Salinity Cell Reactor with Electrolyte Recirculation

Yuliasni Rustiana, Kadier Abudukeremu, Zen Nur, Setianingsih Nanik Indah, Kurniawan Setyo Budi, Ma Peng-Cheng

Journal of Ecological Engineering

2020

Vol. 21, nr 8

129--136

Microbial Salinity Cell (MSC) can simultaneously desalinate water and generate electricity from the biodegradation of organic compound in wastewater. Utilization of a three-chambers configuration system along with electrolyte recirculation, creates a desalination process which occurs when the salt ions from the anode and cathode chambers are accumulated into the middle chamber, driven by the electrical energy generated from the organic compound biodegradation. The performance of three-chambers electrolyte recirculation MSC was investigated using three different NaCl concentrations of 2.0 g/L, 4.0 g/L, and 8.0 g/L, with the acetate concentration of 0.82 g/L. At 2.0 g/L NaCl, the maximum power density production was 42.76 mW/m2, increasing conductivity in the middle chamber from 15.09 µS/cm to 0.74 mS/cm. At 4.0 g/L, the maximum power density reached was 53.37 mW/m2, and conductivity in the middle chamber was raised from 60.08 µS/cm to 2.74 mS/cm. At 8.0 g/L, the power density was 29.29 mW/m2 and conductivity in the middle chamber increased from 10.0 µS/cm to1.65 mS/cm. The performance of MSC was correlated with the initial NaCl concentration, with optimum NaCl concentration which was at 4.0 g/L, able to generate the highest power of 53.37 mW/m2 and showed the highest increasing conductivity from 80.8 to 2.74 mS/cm.