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Workplace Accidents in Materials Transfer in Finland

Perttula P., Salminen S.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

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2012

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Vol. 18, No. 4

541--548

EN

The aim of this study was to show the proportion of workplace accidents related to materials transfer and to decide whether they were more serious than other kinds of workplace accidents. The research material for this study were statistics and data, available in Finland, regarding workplace accidents and fatal accidents. Twenty-five percent of studied fatal accidents were related to materials transfer; 26.9–27.7% of all workplace accidents in Finland in 2003–2007 were workplace accidents related to materials transfer. Over half (54.7%) of workplace accidents related to materials transfer caused disabilities lasting over 3 days. Most accidents related to materials transfer occurred to men aged 20–49 years. The most common types of injuries were dislocations sprains and strains.

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Organizational Safety Climate and Work Experience

Gyekye S. A., Salminen S.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

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2010

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Vol. 16, No. 4

431--443

EN

The study examined the relationships between work experience and (a) safety perceptions, (b) job satisfaction, (c) compliance with safety management policies and (d) accident frequency. Participants were Ghanaian industrial workers (N = 320). They were divided into 2 cohorts: experienced and inexperienced workers. Workplace safety perceptions were assessed with Hayes et al.’s 50-item work safety scale. MANOVA was used to test for differences of statistical significance. Posterior comparison with t test consistently revealed significant differences between experienced cohorts and their inexperienced counterparts. Experienced workers indicated the best perceptions on safety, expressed the highest level of job satisfaction, were the most compliant with safety procedures and recorded the lowest accident frequency. From a practical perspective, analysing differences in work experience in relation to safety perceptions could be useful for organizations as the workersʼ experience could indicate a need for special safety programmes for particular groups.

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Fixed-Term Work and Violence at Work

Salminen S., Saloniemi A.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

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2010

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Vol. 16, No. 3

323--328

EN

Objectives. This study investigated the effect of a fixed-term job contract on encounters of violence at work. We assumed that fixed-term employees encountered more violence or threats of violence at their work than permanent employees. Methods. This study is based on 3 large statistical data sets: (a) the Work and Health surveys carried out by the Finnish Institute of Occupational Health in 1997–2006 (n = 7 519); (b) the socalled Victim study carried out by Statistics Finland in 2006, where 4 088 working people were interviewed about victimization resulting in injuries and violence; and (c) another study from Statistics Finland, which interviewed 4 392 wage-earners about their working conditions in 2008. Results. One of the 3 data sets showed that fixed-term employees encountered more violence at work than permanent employees, whereas the other 2 did not show any difference between different contract groups. Conclusions. Our hypothesis concerning greater violence encounters among fixed-term employees was not confirmed.

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Workplace Safety Perceptions and Perceived Organizational Support: Do Supportive Perceptions Influence Safety Perceptions?

Gyekye S. A., Salminen S.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

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2007

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Vol. 13, No. 2

189--200

EN

The current study investigated the relationship between organizational safety climate and perceived organizational support. Additionally, it examined the relationship with job satisfaction, worker compliance with safety management policies, and accident frequency. Safety climate and supportive perceptions were assessed with Hayes, Perander, Smecko, et al.’s (1998) and Eisenberger, Fasolo and LaMastro’s (1990) scales respectively. Confirmatory factors analysis confirmed the 5-factor structure of Hayes et al.’s WSS scale. Regression analysis and t-tests indicated that workers with positive perspectives regarding supportive perceptions similarly expressed positive perceptions concerning workplace safety. Furthermore, they expressed greater job satisfaction, were more compliant with safety management policies, and registered lower accident rates. The perceived level of support in an organization is apparently closely associated with workplace safety perception and other organizational and social factors which are important for safety. The results are discussed in light of escalating interest in how organizational factors affect employee safety and supportive perceptions.

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Safety Climate in Finnish- and Swedish-Speaking Companies

Salminen S., Seppala A.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

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2005

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Vol. 11, No. 4

389--397

EN

The aim of this study was to compare assessments made by Finnish- and Swedish-speaking workers in Finland about the safety climate in their companies, because an earlier study showed that the accident frequency of Swedish-speaking workers was one third lower than that of Finnish-speaking workers. 148 Finnish-speaking and 138 Swedish-speaking workers from 14 small and medium-sized companies participated in this study. They filled out a Finnish safety climate questionnaire, the reliability of which was above the acceptable level. There were no differences between the language groups in the total variables of safety climate and safety action. Based on the differences in single items, we interpreted that Swedish-speaking workers stressed collective safety more, whereas Finnish-speaking workers put more emphasis on their personal responsibility for safety.

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Occupational Accidents of Finnishand Swedish-Speaking Workers in Finland: A Mental Model View

Salminen S., Johansson A.

International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics

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2000

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Vol. 6, No. 2

293--306

EN

This article is based on 2 studies. The aim of the first study was to examine the differences in occupational accident frequency between the 2 main language groups in Finland. Based on 3 independent statistical data sets, it was shown that Swedish-speaking workers had about 40% fewer occupational accidents than Finnish-speaking workers. The aim of the second study was to confirm the difference at company level. A field study in the province of Vaasa with 14 small and medium-sized manufacturing companies revealed that the accident frequency of Swedish-speaking workers was 21% lower than that of Finnish-speaking workers.