Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

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Konwersja odpadów żywnościowych na energię odnawialną poprzez fermentację beztlenową

Mikulski P., Borowiak D., Krzywonos M.

Przemysł Chemiczny

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2018

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T. 97, nr 10

1729--1732

PL

Źródłem odpadów spożywczych jest przemysł wytwarzający żywność i szeroko rozumiana konsumpcja. Mogą być one przetwarzane w metan, w procesie fermentacji beztlenowej. Pozyskany w ten sposób biogaz (biometan) jest odnawialnym źródłem energii, które zmniejsza negatywny wpływ produkcji i konsumpcji żywności na środowisko naturalne. Praca przedstawia przegląd literaturowy na temat produkcji odpadów spożywczych na świecie i w Polsce oraz ich przetwarzania energetycznego przez fermentację metanową.

EN

A review, with 34 refs., of process for biomass conversion to MeH by fermentation.

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Properties of Photocurable Resins Used in a Process of Rapid Prototyping Components of Aircraft Structures

Bernaczek J., Budzik G., Oleksy M., Śliwa R., Mikulski P.

Machine Dynamics Research

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2016

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Vol. 40, No. 3

25--39

EN

This paper presents the results of photopolymers used in rapid prototyping processes exploited in manufacturing of aircraft structural components on the basis of aircraft wheel hubs prototyping methods as Jetting Systems - JS and Stereolithography - SLA. Resins used in these techniques undergo polymerization process under specified conditions to form successive layers of RP model. Depending on the type of resin, the apparatus parameters, operating modes and model setting on the working platform various properties of prototypes are obtained. Knowledge of the actual physical, chemical (gel time, curing temperature, heat resistance) and mechanical parameters (of tensile strength, modulus, toughness, etc.) of the resin allows adequate definition of conditions and size of the load for RP model on the bench and introduce relevant characteristics of the resin in aim to determine the boundary conditions in numerical modeling including finite element method. The paper presents a comparative analysis of the parameters specified by the manufacturer differing from the actual tested strength parameters of RP resin. The standard test models were prepared under certain RP process parameters used to manufacture prototypes of aircraft wheel hubs. Desirability of special materials study for programming of SLA and JS prototyping processes was demonstrated by documented achievement of very good aircraft wheel hub prototype ensuring good prototyping effect for other elements of aircraft structures manufactured using different methods.

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Photoelastic Analysis of Stress Distribution in RP Models of Aircraft Components

Kudasik T., Budzik R., Bernaczek J., Mikulski P.

Machine Dynamics Research

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2016

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Vol. 40, No. 3

91--99

EN

This article presents photoelasticity tests with the application of the reflected light approach performed on models of aircraft components using the example of an aircraft wheel hub fabricated in the PolyJet rapid prototyping process. A technology of applying optically active coats on the surface of RP models was designed. A model of a wheel of a training aircraft was prepared using a PolyJet prototype of the hub, a tyre selected according to catalogue information and installation parts. The wheel was placed on a specially designed and purpose-built test rig and loaded in a series of tests prescribed by the standard for aircraft landing gear trials, i.e. loading the hub with the tyre pressure, vertical force, lateral force and an appropriate combination of forces. Model tests were performed on the basis of model similarity between the target material - an aircraft magnesium alloy - and the FC720 resin used in PolyJet. Results were presented on the surface of the wheel hub model as isochromatics reflecting tension levels in selected areas of the hub model.

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Badanie układu regulacji temperatury powietrza ogrzewanego w próżniowym kolektorze słonecznym

Śmierzchalski R., Mikulski P.

Pomiary Automatyka Kontrola

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2014

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R. 60, nr 8

560--563

PL

W pracy przedstawiono badanie układu regulacji temperatury powietrza na zmodernizowanym stanowisku badawczym kolektora słonecznego. Zaprezentowano metody regulacji temperatury wyjściowej kolektora oraz wyniki z przeprowadzonych pomiarów. Na ich podstawie stwierdzono, że najbardziej efektywną metodą regulacji temperatury wyjściowej jest mieszanie powietrza z wykorzystaniem regulatora proporcjonalno-całkującego (PI).

EN

The paper describes the study of a control system of a solar collector in the modernized station. The technical parameters and details of this innovative solution of collectors as well as the test results are presented in [1]. The basis of the solution is to use a novel method of mixing air to the control output temperature. The medium (air) heated by the collector at the output is mixed with the ambient air passing into the fan. The output temperature varies depending on the rotational speeds of the fans. The first section of the paper concerns the possibility of replacing fossil fuels with renewable energy development. It presents some aspects of the use of solar collectors for heating the air in the construction market in Poland. The second section contains the description of the modernized station for testing the control system of the solar collector (Fig.2). In the third section there is the block diagram of the control system of the solar collector (Fig.3) with its description. The fourth section contains the results of studies of the control system of the solar collector. There are presented the graphs of the output and setpoint temperature for heating and cooling processes, with one and two fans (air mixing). For each controller there is determined the setpoint by the method of manual tuning (engineering). On the basis of the studies it was found that the most effective method of output temperature control was the method of air mixing with a PI controller. For the air heating process the operation of one fan at the maximum speed is sufficient.