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Review of Titanium Related Inclusions in Casting of Steel

Sheikh Ali R.

Archives of Foundry Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 23, iss. 2

127--136

EN

The general area of understanding is inclusions in steel both metallic and nonmetallic in nature. This work has also used the concepts of inclusions in steel in general other than Ti however mainly the research works done on precipitation, solute segregation, grain developments and equilibrium aspects of important inclusions like Ti in steel have been probed. Interaction of inclusions with slag oxides has also been incorporated. Interdependence of elements common in-between many inclusions has been marked. TiN, TixOy and MnS inclusions have been very outstanding in the confines of present research. Ratios and effective concentration have been highlighted in certain cases around the topic. Type of steels, compositions of the constituent elements and temperature correlation has been spotted in certain environments. A suggestive relation with the steel properties has also been inferred. Hardness, corrosion behaviour and strength stand out to be the parameters of vital importance when considering Ti inclusions in the form of either TiN or TixOy. Certain inclusions like MnS seem to nucleate on TiN inclusions and there is a correlation evident certainly in case of complex alloys.

2

Effect of Microalloying with Ti on the Corrosion Behaviour of Low Carbon Steel in a 3.5 wt.% NaCl Solution Saturated with CO2

Sheikh Ali R.

Archives of Foundry Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 23, iss. 1

5--10

EN

A problem is defined to investigate the effect of titanium traces on the corrosion behaviour of low carbon steel. In theory titanium effects surface properties like abrasion resistance in medium carbon steels and corrosion resistance in low as well as medium carbon steels. The present research as indicated by the topic is aimed to experimentally mark the effect of titanium traces on corrosion resistance in the available low carbon steel specimens. The effect of microalloying with titanium (i.e.0.02wt.%) on the corrosion behavior of low carbon steel in a 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution was studied by electrochemical, SEM, and Raman spectroscopy techniques. The electrochemical results showed that the corrosion of the Ti-bearing steel improved by around 30% compared with the Ti-free steel. The titanium microalloying led to the formation of a more compact corrosion product layer on the metal surface. The SEM analysis showed that the Ti-bearing sample had a smoother surface compared with the Ti-free steel.

3

Effect of Friction Machining on Low Carbon Steel with Titanium Traces in terms of Surface Hardening

Sheikh Ali R.

Archives of Foundry Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 22, iss. 4

41--46

EN

This work is an experimental study of thermo-mechanical surface hardening of mild steel with trace elements like titanium in negligible concentrations. This is somewhat an advanced technique used to harden steel surface which can be hardened in many typical ways. The concept is combining the thermal as well as mechanical technique to attain better results. It is quite obvious that mechanical refers to the compressive loading during machining and thermal refers to producing heat on the surface of work piece. The ideal conditions are when the heat produced is enough to achieve austenite and then subsequent quick cooling helps in the formation of marten site, which is metallurgically the most highly strong phase of steel, in terms of hardness. The coolant used preferably is the emulsified oil which flows on the surface during machining with variable rate of flow as the optimum effect is. This process hardens the surface of steel and increases its resistance against wear and abrasion. Preference is to achieve surface hardening using the conventional equipment so that operational cost is kept low and better results are attained. This technique has been quite successful in the laboratory. It can be termed as friction hardening. Some improvements in the process scheme and working environment can be made to get better results.