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Research on the Agrophysical State of Podzolized Black Soil under Different Transitions to "No-Till" Treatment in Agrocenosis

Bulgakov Volodymyr, Gadzalo Iaroslav, Demydenko Olexander, Zadubinnaya Elizaveta, Velichko Volodymyr, Beloev Hristo, Ivanovs Semjons, Kiernicki Zbigniew

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 24, nr 10

290--304

EN

The performance of the No-till treatment after systematic surface tillage with crop rotation allowed the formation of stocks of productive moisture at the average level of 155 mm, which corresponded to the stocks of moisture after ploughing and were significantly higher (by 10–15 mm) than those under systematic surface tillage and No-till treatment after the ploughing. During the April-June and June-July periods, ploughing consumed 67% and 33% of the spring moisture supply, respectively; after surface tillage it was 62% and 38%, while after No-till following surface tillage it was 55% and 45%. This indicates a more optimal use of productive moisture stocks compared to ploughing, where moisture was used 1.2 times more intensively during the vegetative growth phase of grain and leguminous crops in the crop rotation. The highest consumption of productive water stocks during the April-July period was during ploughing at 62–69 mm and during surface tillage and No-till after surface tillage at 47–48 mm, which is 1.4 times less. The content of water-resistant aggregates 5–1 mm in 0–30 cm layer of soil under tillage was 3.31%, whereas under surface tillage and No-till treatment in different combinations – 1.87–2.21 times more. Increasing the content of water-resistant aggregates of the most valuable size, with increasing of humus content in 0–20 cm layer of soil by 0.07% under surface tillage and No-till treatment on its background led to improvement of crop moisture regime in agrocenosis by 10–15%.

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Dynamics of The Humus Content Under Different Chernozem Treatment Conditions

Bulgakov Volodymyr, Gadzalo Iaroslav, Adamchuk Valerii, Demydenko Olexander, Velichko Volodymyr, Nowak Janusz, Ivanovs Semjons

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 23, nr 6

118--128

EN

The humus content in the soil is the most important factor affecting the yield of agricultural crops. The research of the impact of the soil cultivation methods upon the humus content is an urgent scientific and practical task of modern agriculture. This paper analyzed long-term (45 years) field experiments on the impact of ploughing, deep and shallow non-moldboard tillage upon the humus content in the chernozem soil of central Ukraine. The research materials reflect a broad picture of influence of the processing methods upon the accumulation of total humus. For example, with respect to ploughing with deep non-mouldboard cultivation, accumulation of the total humus in the 40th year of research, was +0.0028%; with shallow non-mouldboard cultivation it was +0.0005%.

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Analysis of the State and Assessment of Possible Ways of Preservation of Soil Fertility During its Mechanical Treatment

Bulgakov Volodymyr, Gadzalo Iaroslav, Ivanovs Semjons, Adamchuk Valerii, Kaminskyi Viktor, Nadykto Volodymyr, Nowak Janusz

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 23, nr 4

128--136

EN

The issues of soil fertility preservation are relevant in all countries of the world. Concrete actions, technological and organisational solutions allowing to overcome this complex and continuous phenomenon by using exclusively agroengineering approaches are proposed. The preservation of the structure of agricultural soils requires urgent adoption of technological and organisational decisions in the following areas: maximum limitation of immobilisation of nitrogen in the soil after introduction of organic residues into the soil; development of technological methods and tools for the soil cultivation, aimed at loosening the surface layer of the soil with a minimum area of its contact with the airborne environment; improvement of the fundamentals of aggregation of agricultural machines, taking into account the maximum permissible slipping of wheeled energy facilities at the level of 15%, and a conceptual approach to their ballasting with respect to the requirements of the tire ecophilicity; application of a soil structure indicator when determining the ploughing frequency by means of ploughs with skimmers or their twotier analogs; wide practical application of the controlled traffic farming system; adoption of a legislative document on specific conformity of the land users for the level of soil fertility for agricultural purposes.