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A clean industrial scheme for de-ketalization of EIDD-2801 intermediate in water to give molnupiravir (MK-4482) anti-COVID-19 agent (containing its pharmaceutical analytical analysis)

Siadati Seyyed Amir, Samadi Marjan, Soheilizad Mehdi, Firoozpour Loghman, Payab Meghdad, Bagherpour Saeid, Dindari Bahareh

Scientiae Radices

2023

Vol. 2, Iss. 2

202--216

Due to the need for molnupiravir (EIDD-2801, MK-4482) anti-COVID-19 agent, in the present report, we have systematically investigated the effect of different solvents, acids (as catalyst), temperature, and other parameters which play rolls in De-ketalization process of its key intermediate. At the first glance, it might seem to be easy, but the complex nature of MK-4482 agent, and also the ultra-high purity of the crude (which is required for an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API)), make this process more complicated. As would be shown below, even a little change in the type of solvent, solvent ratio, the type or the amount of catalyst, and the temperature could directly change the reaction fate (it may lead to emergence of un-controlled impurity profile, or even it could block the reaction). However, in this work, we have been able to run this de-ketalization process only in water as the whole of the system. Here, it was observed that the high energy water molecules have been able to hydrolyze the ketal intermediate of MK-4482.

The extraordinary gravity of three atom 4π-components and 1,3-dienes to C20-nXn fullerenes; a new gate to the future of Nano technology

Siadati Seyyed Amir, Rezazadeh Solmaz

Scientiae Radices

2022

Vol. 1, Iss. 1

46--68

A quick glance to the adsorption, sensing, and energy storage abilities of C₂₀ fullerene and its derivatives indicate that this small carbon cluster may have extraordinary properties which would make it a key part of the future of Nano actuators and Nano machines. For example, in the case of the gravity of three atom 4π-components (TACs) to these carbon cages, it should be noted that; the rate constants (K)s of the reaction of C₂₀ fullerene with 1,3-butadiene (Diels-Alder (DA) process), and with 2-furan nitrile oxide ([3+2] cycloaddition (32CA process)) are 2.51(10¹¹) M^-1 s^-1, and 1.4(10⁷) M^-1s^-1, respectively. However, the rate constant of the 32CAreaction between norbornadiene and 3,4-dihydro isoquinoline-N-oxide is about 2.56(10) M^-1 s^-1 (both by DFT and by experimental results). This simple comparison could show the extraordinary gravity of some TACs and dienes to C₂₀ fullerenes.