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An Insensitive Booster Explosive: DAAF Surface-coated with Viton A

Li X., Wu B., Liu S., An C., Wang J.

Central European Journal of Energetic Materials

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2018

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Vol. 15, no. 3

445--455

EN

3,3’-Diamino-4,4’-azoxyfurazan (DAAF) is the principal component of an insensitive booster explosive; refined DAAF and DAAF surface-coated with Viton A were prepared. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were employed to characterize the morphology, composition, and thermal decomposition of these samples. The impact sensitivity and theoretical detonation velocity of DAAF-based composites were also measured and analyzed. The results showed that DAAF surface-coated with Viton A was successfully obtained, and the impact sensitivity of DAAF/Viton A composites was much lower than that of crude DAAF. In addition, DAAF/Viton A composites exhibited better thermal stability compared to crude DAAF and refined DAAF. The theoretical detonation velocity of DAAF/Viton A composites and TATB/Viton A composites are roughly the same. Therefore, there is still great potential for DAAF to be used as the main explosive component of a booster explosive.

2

Preparation and Characterization of Ultrafine HMX/TATB Explosive Co-crystals

An C., Li H., Zhang Y., Ye B., Xu C., Wang J.

Central European Journal of Energetic Materials

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2017

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Vol. 14, no. 4

876--887

EN

An explosive co-crystal of 1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetraazacyclooctane (HMX) and 1,3,5-triamino-2,4,6-trinitrobenzene (TATB) was prepared by the ball milling method. The raw materials and co-crystals were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Raman spectroscopy. Impact and friction sensitivity of the co-crystals were tested and analyzed. The results showed that the HMX/TATB co-crystals are spherical in shape and 100-300 nm in size. The co-crystals are different from anintimate mixture of HMX/TATB and they exhibit a new co-crystal structure. HMX/TATB co-crystals are formed by N-O···H hydrogen bonding between −NO2 (HMX) and −NH2 (TATB). The drop height of ultrafine HMX/TATB explosive co-crystals is 12.7 cm higher than that of ultrafine HMX, whilst the explosion probability of friction is 20% lower than that of ultrafine HMX. Ultrafine HMX/TATB explosive co-crystals are difficult to initiate under impact and friction conditions.

3

GAP/DNTF Based PBX Explosives: a Novel Formula Used in Small Sized Explosive Circuits

An C., Wen X., Wang J., Wu B.

Central European Journal of Energetic Materials

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2016

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Vol. 13, no. 2

397--410

EN

With 3,4-dinitrofurazanofuroxan (DNTF) and glycidyl azide polymer (GAP) as the main explosive and binder respectively, GAP/DNTF based PBX explosives were designed, prepared and used to fill the small groove of some explosive circuits. The formulation was: DNTF 85 wt.%, GAP 11 wt.%, 2,4-toluene diisocyanate (TDI) and other additives making up the final 4 wt.%. After the uncured slurry mixture was prepared by uniform mixing, a squeezing device was used to charge the circuit groove (dimensions less than 1 mm × 1 mm). Scanning electron microscope (SEM) results showed a fine charging effect. Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) was used to determine the energy of activation (Ea) and the pre-factor (A) of GAP/DNTF and these were compared with those for raw DNTF. The influences and causes of it have been investigated. The experimental results for propagation reliability showed that when the dimensions of the linear groove were 0.8 mm × 0.8 mm, 0.7 mm × 0.7 mm, 0.6 mm × 0.6 mm or 0.5 mm × 0.5 mm, GAP/DNTF based PBX explosives can propagate explosion successfully. Furthermore, the H50 and friction sensitivity of GAP/DNTF based PBX explosives were obtained using the following mechanical sensitivity experiments. These properties are vital if GAP/DNTF based PBX explosives are to be applied in complex explosive circuits.

4

Process Optimization and Characterization of an HMX/Viton Nanocomposite

Shi X., Wang C., Wang J., Li X., An C., Wang J., Ji W.

Central European Journal of Energetic Materials

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2015

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Vol. 12, no. 3

487--495

EN

HMX/Viton A nanocomposites were prepared by a spray drying process using different processing parameters, which included the dry gas inlet temperature, the air flow rate, and the solution feed flow rate. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to characterize the nanocomposites. The effects of the processing parameters on the morphology of the samples were investigated and are discussed. The thermal decomposition behaviour and impact sensitivity of the raw HMX and HMX/Viton A nanocomposites were also measured and compared. Optimal morphology and dispersion of the coated samples was achieved when the dry gas inlet temperature and the air and solution feed flow rates were 55 °C, 660 L/h and 1.5 mL/min, respectively. Under these optimal processing conditions, the nanocomposites were spherical in shape, ranged from 0.2-2 μm in size, and were composed of many tiny particles of 50-100 nm in size. The crystal phase of the nanocomposites was the same as that of raw HMX. Compared with those of raw HMX, the melting point and impact sensitivity of the nanocomposites were lower and the thermal decomposition rate was slightly higher.