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1
Content available Technological reliability of sewage treatment plant with the Pomiltek Mann type bioreactor
Kurek Karolina, Bugajski Piotr, Operacz Agnieszka, Młyński Dariusz, Wałęga Andrzej
Journal of Water and Land Development
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2020
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no. 46
146--152
EN
The aim of the work was to determine the technological reliability of the selected pollution indicators removal BOD5, CODCr and total suspension from the sewage treatment plant working with the bioreactor Pomiltek Mann type. Wastewater treatment plant which is a subject of this study is located in Lesser Poland, in Siepraw commune. The analysis was performed using the Weibull method for basic indicators of impurities, BOD5, CODCr and total suspended solids. Physico-chemical analyses of raw and treated wastewater, were carried out in the period from 2003 to 2014 (11 years). The research period included measured values of pollutions indicators in 38 samples of raw and treated sewage. For each of pollution indicators descriptive statistic, percentage reduction (n) and treatment plant reliability factors (RF) were calculated. Average reduction for BOD5 and TSS was on level equal 94%, only for COD the average reduction was lower and was on level 89%. The reliability values determined by Weibull method, were: 75% (BOD5), 90% (CODCr) and 89.5% (TSS). The reliability results have been lower than the presented by literature source, which means that work of wastewater treatment plant in Siepraw was not satisfied in 11 years of research.
2
Content available Designed and real hydraulic load of household wastewater treatment plants
Bugajski Piotr M., Kurek Karolina, Młyński Dariusz, Operacz Agnieszka
Journal of Water and Land Development
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2019
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no. 40
155--160
EN
The paper presents the results of the analysis concerning the verification of the actual hydraulic load and the load of organic pollutants compared to the conditions designed for 4 household wastewater treatment plants. The researches were carried out in the annual period from May 2015 to April 2016. Based on the conducted analysis, it was found that objects act as underloaded hydraulically and the actual inflow of sewage to the analysed objects during the research period ranged from 7.3% to 32.7% in relation to the inflow assumed in the project. Furthermore, in the case of loading the treatment plant with the load of pollutants expressed as PE, it was fund that the actual PE values were lower than assumed in the project. Therefore, it is important that the sizes of the series of household sewage treatment plants were selected depending on the individual conditions of household, i.e. the number of inhabitants or the amount of consumed water.
PL
W pracy przedstawiono wyniki analizy dotyczące weryfikacji rzeczywistego obciążenia hydraulicznego oraz obciążenia ładunkiem zanieczyszczeń organicznych w porównaniu z warunkami projektowanymi dla czterech przydomowych oczyszczalni ścieków. Badania prowadzono w rocznym okresie – od maja 2015 r. do kwietnia 2016 r. Na podstawie przeprowadzonej analizy stwierdzono, że obiekty działają jako niedociążone hydraulicznie, a rzeczywisty dopływ ścieków do analizowanych obiektów w okresie badań wyniósł od 7,3% do 32,7% w stosunku do dopływu zakładanego w projekcie. Również w przypadku obciążenia oczyszczalni ładunkiem zanieczyszczeń wyrażonych jako RLM, stwierdzono, że rzeczywiste wartości RLM były niższe, niż zakładane w projekcie. Zatem ważne jest, aby wielkości typoszeregów przydomowych oczyszczalni ścieków były dobierane w zależności od indywidualnych uwarunkowań gospodarstw domowych, tj. liczby mieszkańców lub ilości zużywanej wody.
3
Content available Untypical Draining Barriers Efficiency as a Method of Pollutants Limiting in the Groundwater Reservoir
Operacz Agnieszka, Kurek Karolina, Młyński Dariusz, Bugajski Piotr
Journal of Ecological Engineering
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2019
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Vol. 20, nr 3
67--76
EN
The main aim of the paper was to formulate a proposal of using the draining barriers as a method of limiting pollutants in the groundwater reservoir. Primary processes of pollutants migration and examples of functioning the draining barriers work against the spread of various pollutants in the groundwater were indicated. An untypical kind of draining barrier, i.e. wells which were designed as a hydrogeological borehole to exhaust water intended for consumption, was selected as the research object. For analytical purposes, the available archival results of the physicochemical analysis of groundwater exhausted from the wells, located in the water intake so-called “belt D” in Kraków-Nowa Huta were used. The database was analysed by specialist programs, and the dispersion migration of pollutants from the existing metallurgical waste dump “Ruszcza” in time was presented. Temporary and spatial variability of the physicochemical parameters of groundwater was done during the analysis. The analysis was performed both in the draining barriers wells and in the intake boreholes. A geostatistical analysis of the variability of pollutant spread in the groundwater medium was a vital factor in the appraisal efficiency of the draining barriers operation. It was shown that the highest contents of the researched substances were present in the wells, which are located the nearest of metallurgical waste dump “Ruszcza” and are thereby the wells co-forming draining barriers. The efficiency of draining barriers was found after a thorough analysis.
4
Content available The Impact of Treated Sewage on Water Quality in Mordarka Stream
Kurek Karolina, Bugajski Piotr, Młyński Dariusz, Nowobilska-Majewska Elwira
Journal of Ecological Engineering
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2019
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Vol. 20, nr 1
39--45
EN
This paper presents the analysis and evaluation of the impact of clean sewage on the water in the Mordarka river, in the period 2012–2015. The analysis was conducted based on the collected and statistical research: the amount and composition of the purified sewage discharged to the receiver. The following pollution indices were tested: total suspended solids, BOD5, COD, total nitrogen and total phosphorus. On the basis of the obtained results it was concluded that the amount of purified wastewater discharge to the Mordarka river, did not contribute to the degradation of the water quality in that period of time. Moreover, the level of indicators: total suspended solid, BOD5 and COD did not exceed the limit values from the regulation, which confirmed the effective protection of water quality in the Mordarka river. However, because of the high concentration of biogenic compounds in the purified wastewater effluents, the river is prone to eutrophication process.
5
Content available Effect of wastewater temperature and concentration of organic compounds on the efficiency of ammonium nitrogen removal in a household treatment plant servicing a school building
Bugajski Piotr, Kurek Karolina, Jóźwiakowski Krzysztof
Archives of Environmental Protection
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2019
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Vol. 45, no. 3
31--37
EN
The aim of this study was to determine the impact of the temperature of wastewater in a biological reactor with activated sludge and the BOD5/N-NH4 ratio in the influent to the treatment plant on nitrification efficiency and the concentration of ammonium nitrogen in treated wastewater. Tests were carried out in a household wastewater treatment plant which collects and treats sewage from a school building and a teacher’s house. During the 3-year study, large fluctuations in the sewage temperature in bioreactor were noted which was closely related to the ambient temperature. There were also large fluctuations in the concentration of organic matter and the concentration of ammonium nitrogen in inflowing sewage. The influence of wastewater temperature in the bioreactor and the BOD5/N-NH4 ratio on the concentration of ammonium nitrogen in treated wastewater was determined using Pearson’s linear correlation. A statistical analysis showed that a 1°C decrease in the temperature of wastewater in the bioreactor increased the concentration of ammonium nitrogen in treated wastewater by 2.64 mgN-NH4·L-1. Moreover, it was found that nitrification depended on the ratio of BOD5 to the concentration of ammonium nitrogen in wastewater flowing into the bioreactor. An increase in the BOD5/N-NH4 ratio by 1 value led to a 5.41 mgN-NH4·L-1 decrease in the concentration of ammonium nitrogen.
PL
Celem pracy było określenie wpływu temperatury ścieków w reaktorze biologicznym z osadem czynnym oraz stosunku BZT5/N-NH4 w ściekach dopływających do oczyszczalni na skuteczność procesu nitryfikacji i stężenia azotu amonowego w ściekach oczyszczonych. Badania prowadzono w przydomowej oczyszczalni, do której odpływają ścieki z budynku szkolnego oraz domu nauczyciela. W okresie 3-letnich badań odnotowano duże wahania temperatury ścieków w bioreaktorze co było ściśle związane z temperaturą otoczenia. Stwierdzono również duże wahania stężenia materii organicznej oraz stężenia azotu amonowego w ściekach dopływających. Analizę wpływu temperatury ścieków w bioreaktorze oraz stosunku BZT5/N-NH4 na stężenie azotu amonowego w ściekach oczyszczonych określono za pomocą korelacji liniowej Persona. W wyniku przeprowadzonej analizy statystycznej stwierdzono, że wraz obniżeniem temperatury ścieków w bioreaktorze o 1°C następuje zwiększenie stężenia azotu amonowego w ściekach oczyszczonych o 2,64 mgN-NH4·L-1. Ponadto stwierdza się, że proces nitryfikacji zależny jest od stosunku BZT5 do stężenia azotu amonowego w ściekach dopływających do bioreaktora. Wraz ze wzrostem zależności BZT5/N-NH4 o 1 maleje stężenie stężenia azotu amonowego o 5,41 mgN-NH4·L-1
6
Content available Effect of selected factors on the removal of organic matter in a model of moving bed biofilm reactor
Śliz Paulina, Bugajski Piotr, Kurek Karolina
Archives of Environmental Protection
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2019
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Vol. 45, no. 3
64--71
EN
The aim of the study was to determine the impact of selected factors on the reduction of organic pollutants, expressed in BOD5 and CODCr, in wastewater treated in a laboratory scale model of moving bed biofi lm reactor (MBBR). The factors included in the experiment: the degree of fi lling the fluidized bed with biomass carriers, hydraulic load, and aeration intensity. The tested model of the bioreactor consisted of five independent chambers with diameter D = 0.14 m and height H = 2.0 m, which were fi lled with biomass carriers at 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 70% of their active volume. During the test period, hydraulic loads at the level of Qh1 = 0.073 m3·m-2·h-1 and Qh2 = 0.073 m3·m-2·h-1were applied, which ensured one-day and two-day sewage retention, respectively. The said reactors were subjected to constant aeration at P1 = 3.0 dm3·min-1 and P2 = 5.0 dm3·min-1. The highest efficiency of the reduction of the analysed indicators was demonstrated by reactors filled with carriers in the degree of 40–60%. Based on the statistical analyses (the analyses of the ANOVA variations and the Kruskal-Wallis test) carried out, it was found that the studied factors significantly modified the mutual interaction in the process of reducing BOD5 in treated wastewater of the reactors tested. The significance of the impact of the discussed factors on the values of the studied indicators in treated wastewater depends on mutual interactions between the investigated factors.
PL
Celem badań było określenie wpływu wybranych czynników na zmniejszenie zanieczyszczeń organicznych, wyrażonych wskaźnikami BZT5 i ChZTCr, w ściekach oczyszczanych w modelu reaktora przypływowego ze złożem ruchomym typu MBBR. Czynniki, które uwzględniono w eksperymencie to: stopień wypełnienia złoża nośnikami biomasy, obciążenie hydrauliczne oraz intensywność napowietrzania. Badany model bioreaktora stanowił pięć niezależnych komór o średnicy D = 0,14 m i wysokości H = 2,0 m, które były wypełnione nośnikami biomasy w stopniu: 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 70% ich objętości czynnej. W okresie badań zastosowano obciążenia hydrauliczne na poziomie Qh1 = 0,073 m3·m-2·h-1 oraz Qh2 = 0,073 m3·m-2·h-1, co zapewniało odpowiednio jednodobowe oraz dwudobowe zatrzymanie ścieków. Przedmiotowe reaktory poddawane były stałemu napowietrzaniu na poziomie P1 = 3,0 dm,3min-1 oraz P1 = 3,0 dm3min-1 = 5,0 dm3·min-1. Największą skuteczność redukcji analizowanych wskaźników wykazywały reaktory wypełnione kształtkami w stopniu 40–60%. Na podstawie przeprowadzonych analiz statystycznych (analiza wariacji ANOVA oraz test Kruskala-Wallisa) stwierdzono, iż badane czynniki istotnie modyfikowały wzajemne oddziaływanie na siebie w procesie zmniejszania BZT5 w ściekach oczyszczonych badanych. Istotność wpływu omawianych czynników na wartości badanych wskaźników w ściekach oczyszczonych, zależy od wzajemnych interakcji między badanymi czynnikami.
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