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Synoptic conditions governing upwelling along the Polish Baltic coast

Bednorz E., Półrolniczak M., Czernecki B.

Oceanologia

2013

No. 55 (4)

767--785

The study analyses atmospheric feedback to the occurrence of upwelling along the Polish Baltic coast. Upwelling events were identified on the basis of daily mean sea surface temperature (SST) maps from the period 1982-2010 derived from the NOAA OI SST V2 High Resolution Dataset. Synoptic conditions favourable to the occurrence of upwelling were determined on the basis of the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data. On average, there are approximately 23 days with upwelling each year along the Polish Baltic coast, which account for approximately 13% of the warm period (April-September). The pressure pattern with an anticyclone centred over Scandinavia and extending over northern Europe induces a north-easterly flow of air along the Polish Baltic coast, which causes upwelling. Such a circulation pattern is accompanied by positive air temperature anomalies. The opposite pressure conditions, during which a trough of low pressure encompasses Scandinavia, cause a westerly flow over the southern part of the Baltic basin, which effectively inhibits upwelling along the Polish Baltic coast.

Regionalizacje, typologie i wyznaczania sezonów klimatycznych z zastosowaniem analizy skupień

Bednorz E., Kolendowicz L., Bielec-Bąkowska Z., Bokwa A., Żelazny M., Kicińska B., Lewik P., Nowosad M., Ustrnul Z.

Przegląd Geofizyczny

2003

Z. 1-2

11-32

In the paper are presented examples of regionalisation, typology and delimiting climatic seasons, completed with chosen cluster analysis methods: K-means, Ward's and Wroclaw dendrite. The methods were used to distinguish atmospheric circulation regions on the Northern hemisphere, thunderstorm regions and sulphur dioxide pollution regions in Poland, and snow-cover regions in North-Western Poland. Moreover, atmospheric circulation seasons, skiing seasons and thermal seasons were defined. The methods were also used for typology of thermal structure in the air layer near the ground, and for an attempt to define the relations between physical-chemical features of precipitation and meteorological conditions. The presented examples prove that it is possible to approach the problems of regionalisation and typology in climatology in a new way, namely without a priori assumptions, without imposing at the beginning the elements determining the spatial pattern of a phenomena. Additionally, it is very important that such an analysis requires from the researcher independence, responsibility and lot of criticism while interpreting the results, especially using non-hierarchical methods. Finally, the presented methods allow us to obtain the image of both spatial and temporal differentiation of chosen elements.