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Otrzymywanie kwasu bursztynowego z biofrakcji odpadów komunalnych wraz z membranowym podczyszczaniem cieczy fermentacyjnej

Kuglarz Mariusz

Polish Journal of Materials and Environmental Engineering

2025

Vol. 10 (30)

9--17

This study presents sustainable succinic acid production from organic fraction of household kitchen waste (OFHKW), treated with enzymatic hydrolysis. For fermentation, Actinobacillus succinogenes was used, which consumes CO2 during the process. Cellulose conversion efficiency reached 88-90% at a substrate loading of 15-20% dry matter. It was found that in tests with a biomass content of up to 20% (w/v, dry matter), cellulose and hemicellulose were hydrolyzed without a lag phase. However, for the sample with the highest biomass content tested (25% dry matter), glucose and xylose release started after approximately 6–8 hours of lag phase, indicating that the process conditions were not optimal. Enzymatic hydrolysis of OFHKW at biomass loading of 20% (dry matter) resulted in a final concentration of fermen-table sugars 70.3±3.0 g/L and can be treated as a promising feedstock for succinic production. The efficiency of succinic acid production was 75.0%±1.8, which is at the upper range of values recorded for waste substrates, rich in cellulose and hemicellulose compounds. The aim of the presented research was also to test membrane processes, for the purification of fermentation liquors. Since organic acids (including succinic acid) can be effectively retained or passed through membranes, by regulating the pH of the feed stream, an attempt was made to purify the resulting liquor using a SW30XLE (100 Da) membrane. The SW30XLE membrane (100 Da) allowed most of the succinic acid to be retained, regardless of the pH of the feed solution. However, the pH value had a significant impact on the separation of other by-products (acetic and formic acids). Under filtration conditions with a pH of 3.0 (acids in the non-ionized form), most of the acetic and formic acids (>90%) were transferred to the permeate. At the same time, 96.0±1.7% of the succinic acid, the target fermentation product, was recovered in the retentate. In this study, it was clearly shown that membrane separation can be considered as an effective method of succinic broths purification.