Wyniki wyszukiwania - BazTech

1

Środowiska sedymentacji i palinofacje kredy dolnej w otworach wiertniczych Ciechocinek IG 3, Mszczonów IG 1 i Korabiewice PIG 1

Leszczyński K., Waksmundzka M.

Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego

|

2014

|

nr 457

1--14

PL

Na podstawie badań litologicznych, profilowań sedymentologicznych oraz analiz palinologicznych rozpoznano środowiska sedymentacji i palinofacje kredy dolnej w otworach wiertniczych Ciechocinek IG 3, Mszczonów IG 1 i Korabiewice PIG 1. Wykonano dokładną analizę spektrum palinologicznego – stosunku zawartości planktonu do całości palinomorf, ilości fitoklastów w całkowitym kerogenie oraz zawartości materii organicznej. W celu scharakteryzowania palinofacji w analizowanych otworach przeprowadzono korelacje danych palinologicznych z wynikami profilowań sedymentologicznych oraz z obserwacjami litofacjalnymi i paleogeograficznymi. Wyniki badań pozwoliły na ogólne rozpoznanie środowisk sedymentacji i palinofacji w strefie depozycji węglanowo-silikoklastycznej oraz w strefie aktywnej poduszki solnej. Na podstawie zebranego materiału, w nawiązaniu do określonego w badaniach palinofacjalnych spektrum palinologicznego, w profilu kredy dolnej wydzielono następujące środowiska morskie: odbrzeża, przybrzeża dolnego–środkowego, płytkiej zatoki morskiej, laguny i płytkiego szelfu węglanowo-silikoklastycznego. W przypadku braku jednoznacznych cech diagnostycznych środowisko sedymentacji określono jako ogólnie morskie.

EN

Based on lithological and sedimentological logging and palynological analysis, sedimentary environments and palynofacies were identified in the Lower Cretaceous of the Ciechocinek IG 3, Mszczonów IG 1 and Korabiewice PIG 1 boreholes. A thorough analysis of the palynological spectrum was performed, determining the ratio between the amount of palynomorphs and the total of plankton, the amount of phytoclasts in the total kerogen, and the content of organic matter. Palynological data were correlated with sedimentological, lithofacies and paleogeographical data. The research resulted in a general recognition of sedimentary environments and palynofacies in the carbonate-clastic deposition zone and in a zone of an active salt pillow. The following sedimentary environments were identified in the Lower Cretaceous sediments, based on the analysed material and with regard to the palynological spectrum: offshore, lower–middle shoreface, embayment, lagoon and shallow carbonate-siliciclastic shelf. In case of the absence of diagnostic features for exact determination of sedimentary environments, the environments were defined as generally marine.

2

Mesozoic spores of Poland – a revision of selected taxa

Waksmundzka M.

Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego

|

2014

|

nr 460

25-87

EN

The study presents a taxonomic analysis of 44 taxa from the Mesozoic deposits of Poland. The spores have been ordered in a systematic way. Variability in interpretations of similar morphological or typical features of individual taxa have been presented. In case of same species the influence of the postdepositional processes on the morphological features of spores have been suggested.

PL

Analizowano taksonomicznie 44 taksony z utworów mezozoiku Polski. Uporządkowano je według sztucznej systematyki. Przy opisie niektórych taksonów spor zasugerowano wpływ czynników postdepozycyjnych na ich cechy morfologiczne.

3

The palynofacies pattern for the Lower Cretaceous of central Poland

Leszczyński K., Waksmundzka M.

Geological Quarterly

|

2013

|

Vol. 57, No. 1

101–-112

EN

Sedimentary environments and palynofacies were identified in the Lower Cretaceous of central Poland. The study was based on lithological observations, sedimentological logging and palynological investigations in the following boreholes: Poddębice PIG2, Koło IG3 and IG4, Wągrowiec IG1, Sarnów IG1, Ciechocinek IG3, Mszczonów IG1, Korabiewice PIG1, Człuchów IG2, Klosnowo IG1 and Tuchola IG1. Palynological observations were correlated with sedimentological, lithofacies and paleogeographical data. Sedimentary environments and palynofacies were analysed in the vertical section, and spatially in different areas: in the central basin area, in the carbonate-clastic deposition zone, in the transitional zone (deltaic sedimentation) and in a zone of an active salt pillow. The following sedimentary environments were identified in the Lower Cretaceous: upper shoreface and lower-middle shoreface with transitions to an offshore-open marine shelf, delta (?delta front) passing up into distributary channel fills on a delta plain, presumed barrier and shallow-marine embayment, lagoon and shallow carbonate-siliciclastic shelf. In case of the absence of diagnostic features for exact determination of sedimentary environments, the environments were defined as generally marine or transitional (probably deltaic). A maximum flooding surface has been identified in the Poddębice PIG2 section, represented by a thin dark-grey marl bed which seems to be dated at the Berriasian/Lower Valanginian transition. The relationships between sedimentary environments and the characteristics of the palynofacies spectrum were determined, and a palynofacies pattern for the Lower Cretaceous of central Poland was proposed in a tabular form.

4

Sequence stratigraphy of Carboniferous paralic deposits in the Lublin Basin (SE Poland)

Waksmundzka M.

Acta Geologica Polonica

|

2010

|

Vol. 60, no. 4

557-597

EN

Based on lithofacies analysis of clastic, clay and carbonate rocks, wireline logs and sequence stratigraphy, sixteen depositional sequences have been distinguished in the paralic Carboniferous succession of the Lublin Basin from the Visean to the base of Westphalian B. The facies evolution and depositional architecture of the deposits belonging to three types of depositional systems tracts, i.e. lowstand (LST), transgressive (TST) and highstand (HST) have been reconstructed. The sequences are bounded by type 1 basal unconformities formed during subaerial erosion following relative sea-level fall and lowstand. This erosion, that in some cases reached down to the LST deposits of the underlying sequences, mainly affected the HST deposits. Relative sea-level rise controlling the base level of the rivers during lowstand was the basic factor influencing facies development, cyclicity and thickness of fluvial deposits, as well as the vertical and lateral transformation of rivers in theparalic Carboniferous succession. Vertical transition of high- to low-energy fluvial environments can be observed within the LST. The LST deposits typically occur in incised shelf valleys and in non-incised fluvial systems. Within the LST of sequences 2 and 4 to 10 commonly occur medium and large systems of simple incised valleys that developed in a coastal-plain system. The LST of sequences 11 to 15 comprises large systems of compound incised valleys that developed in a piedmont system. Relative sealevel rise in the late lowstand, sea-level oscillations during transgression and highstand and the volume of sediment supply were the main factors influencing facies development, cyclicity, thickness and lateral distribution of the deltaic deposits, shallow-shelf shales and limestones. Within the TST commonly occur coarsening-upward and non-gradational cyclothems that correspond to parasequences and were formed in the distal parts of the inner-shelf delta lobes. In the HST, the most commontypes are coarsening-upward cyclothems developed during the progradation of innershelf delta lobes and small lake deltas, as well as non-gradational cyclothems formed in lakes on a delta plain without influence of delta lobes. The transgression of sequence 7 probably had the widest extent of all the sequences in the paralic Carboniferous succession of the Lublin Basin. It was presumably much wider to the N, NE and NW than the presently accepted boundaries of the basin. Based on analysis of three curves of relative sea-level changes in the paralic Carboniferous succession of the Lublin Basin and the transgressive-regressive curve for the Carboniferous of Western Europe, the sequences distinguished have been correlated with the chronostratigraphic scheme for the Carboniferous System. The diachronous commencement of sedimentation has been confirmed and evaluated. The lack of deposits of sequence 5 in the eastern part of the basin suggests the presence of a stratigraphicgap encompassing the upper Brigantian. The position and range of stratigraphic gaps present elsewhere in the basin has also been indicated. In the north-westernmost and easternmost parts of the study area the gap has the widest range, encompassing the upper Arnsbergian to lower Marsdenian strata. The mid-Carboniferous boundary between the Mississippian and Pennsylvanian has been located at the base of sequence 8.

5

Środowiska sedymentacji i palinofacje kredy dolnej w kilku otworach wiertniczych centralnej Polski

Leszczyński K., Waksmundzka M.

Biuletyn Państwowego Instytutu Geologicznego

|

2008

|

nr 432

99-121

PL

Na podstawie badań litologicznych i profilowań sedymentologicznych, dokonano wstępnego rozpoznania środowisk sedymentacyjnych i palinofacji kredy dolnej centralnej części Niżu Polskiego w otworach wiertniczych Sarnów IG 1, Wągrowiec IG 1 i Poddębice PIG 2. Wykonano dokładną analizę spektrum palinologicznego: stosunku zawartości planktonu do całości palinomorf, ilości fitoklastów w całkowitym kerogenie oraz zawartości materii organicznej. Przeprowadzono korelacje danych palinologicznych z danymi sedymentologicznymi (profilowania sedymentologiczne rdzeni wiertniczych), litofacjalnymi i paleogeograficznymi. Na podstawie analizowanego materiału, i w nawiązaniu do określonego w badaniach palinofacjalnych spektrum palinologicznego, wydzielono w osadach kredy dolnej następujące środowiska morskie: przybrzeża górnego (upper shoreface) i przybrzeża dolnego-środkowego (lower-midle shoreface) z przejściem do odbrzeża (offshore) do zbiornika otwartego szelfu (open marine szelf), deltowe (?czoło delty, delta front) z wyżej występującymi osadami ?kanałów rozprowadzających (distributary channels) równi deltowej oraz prawdopodobnie barier i płytkiej zatoki morskiej (embayment). W otworze wiertniczym Poddębice PIG 2 zidentyfikowano powierzchnię maksymalnego zalewu (maximum flooding surface) reprezentowaną przez warstewkę ciemnoszarego marglu, która wydaje się być datowana na przełom beriasu i walanżsau dolnego. Przeprowadzone badania są pierwszym i wstępnym podejściem do podjętej problematyki związku palinofacji ze środowiskami sedymentacyjnymi w kredzie dolnej.

EN

The paper presents a preliminary recognition of sedimentary environments and palynofacies in Lower Cretaceous deposits of the Sarnów IG 1, Wągrowiec IG 1 and Poddębice PIG 2 boreholes of central part of the Polish Lowland, central Poland, based on lithological and sedimentological investigations. A detailed analysis of palynological spectrum included determination of the contents of plankton (in relation to total frequency of palynomorphs), phytoclast in total kerogen, and organic matter. Palynological data were subsequently correlated with the results of sedimentological logging of drill cores, as well as with lithological observations and overall palaeogeographical research. Based on the material analysed, and referring to the identified palynological spectrum, the following sedimentary environments have been distinguished in the Lower Cretaceous sections: upper shoreface and lower-middle shoreface with transitions to an offshore-open marine shelf, delta (?delta front) passing up into distributary channel fills on a delta plain, and presumed barrier and shallow-marine embayment. A maximum flooding surface has been identified in the Poddębice PIG 2 section, represented by a thin dark-grey marl bed which seems to be dated at the Berriasian/Lower Valanginian transition. The investigations are the first, preliminary approach to the problem of relationship between palynofacies and sedimentary environments in the Lower Cretaceous of Poland.

6

Taxonomy and stratigraphic significance of the Lower Jurassic miospores from Poland

Waksmundzka M.

Volumina Jurassica

|

2006

|

Vol. 4, no. 1

220-220

EN

The material studied was obtained from 210 samples taken from six selected boreholes, representing major regions of the epicontinental Lower Jurassic basin of Poland, dominated by marginal-marine and continental sedimentation. Lower Jurassic miospore spectrum is very rich and contains 61 genera and 211 species, of which 19 genera and 40 species represent taxa of stratigraphic significance for Lower Jurassic enlisted in the intercontinental correlation tables (such as Baculatisporites primirius (Wolf) Thomson & Pflug, Cirratriradiotes saturni (Ibrahim) Schopf & Wilson, Concavisporites hexagonalis (Kedves & Simoncsics, Concavisporites jurienensis Balme). Also miospore abundance in individual samples is usually high, sometimes reaching hundreds to more than 1000 miospores in one sample. Miospores studied were mostly produced by ferns and Coniferae. Large number of miospores enabled studies on morphological variability of certain genera or species, like Tigrisporites Klaus, Neoraistrickia Potonie and Lycopodium semimuris Danze-Corsin & Laveine, and better definition of such genera as Cingulizonathes Dybova & Jachowicz and Limbosporites Nilsson. Some morphological features (such as corrosion, colour variability, secondary morphological features produced by fungi or algae) are clearly linked to sedimentary or early burial environments. Morphology was studied both in transmitting light and SEM. In Pomerania (NW Poland) presence of Pliensbachian ammonites offered opportunity of comparison between ammonite stratigraphic standard and miospore successions. This comparison showed that some miospores have much wider stratigraphic distribution than it was thought before. In Poland fairly rich miospore assemblage was found even in marine deposits, while elsewhere miospores in marine sediments were poor or absent. This may explain why stratigraphic ranges of some miospore taxa were regarded to be so narrow. Generally, miospores show narrower ranges in Hettangian (Pinuspollenites-Trachysporites zone) and Early Sinemurian times (regular presence of Lycopodium semimuris Danze-Corsin & Laveine), while their stratigraphic significance decreases from the Sinemurian times on. Only miospore assemblages can be regarded as a stratigraphic tool. Miospore stratigraphy should be linked to other stratigraphic methods based on occurrence of megaspores, dinoflagellate cysts, and sequence stratigraphy.

7

Rhaetian/Hettangian palynomorphs of the Tatra Mountains (West Carpathians)

Gaździcki A., Waksmundzka M., Hołda-Michalska A.

Volumina Jurassica

|

2006

|

Vol. 4, no. 1

280-281

EN

The uppermost Triassic and the lowermost Jurassic clastic-carbonate strata of the Sub-Tatric (Kriżna) unit of the Polish Tatra Mountains yield an important assemblage of microfossils - mostly foraminifers and also palynomorphs. The three representative Triassic/Jurassic boundary sections of the Kriżna unit (Lejowa Valley, Strążyska Valley and Mt. Mały Kopieniec) have been studied and sampled in order to establish a stratigraphical succession of microfossils. The palynomorph assemblage (spores, pollen grains and dinoflagellate cysts) were found in the transitional beds of the Fatra Formation (Rhaetian) and the basal clastics of the Kopieniec Formation [Hettangian-Sinemurian(?)] - Fig. 1. The assemblage contains 58 spore and pollen species and is dominated by pteridophyte spores (Dictyoniaceae and Matoniaceae). The biostratigraphically significant taxa: Concavisporites, Dictyophyllidites and Leptolepidites, indicate Rhaetian/Hettangian time interval (Fig. 1) - see Zavattieri, Batten (1996). The facies development and floral and faunal assemblages of the Triassic/Jurassic boundary sequence in the Kriżna unit are characteristic for the shallow-marine sedimentary environment (shoreface-offshore). The data presented support the earlier views (Goetel 1917; Gaździcki 2003) that the environmental conditions prevailing in the Tethys realm were quite similar to those in the epicontinental basin of the northwestern Europe during the Early Liassic times.

8

Rhaetian/Hettangian boundary in Pomerania, Poland

Pieńkowski G., Waksmundzka M.

Volumina Jurassica

|

2006

|

Vol. 4, no. 1

295-295

EN

Two boreholes from Pomerania, Western Poland (Kamień Pomorski IG-1 and Mechowo IG-1) yielded core material from the Triassic/Jurassic transition in continental deposits. In Mechowo IG-1 the Rhaetian/Hettangian boundary occurs within thick sandstone succession of fluvial origin and this boundary is determined based on occurrence of megaspores (Trileites pinguis and Nathorstisporites hopliticus assemblages - Marcinkiewicz 1971). In Kamień Pomorski (25 km to NW, depth 665.5-678.2 m), the grain size of sediments is significantly finer. Also, a minor marine ingression with dinoflagellate cysts can be noted (this ingression can be tentatively correlated with the "Contorta beds", known from Germany and Scandinavia). Uppermost Rhaetian deposits represent alluvial overbank subsystems, floodplain, lacustrine and crevasse splay facies dominate. This indicates a substantial limitation of depositional energy of the alluvial palaeoenvironment, which reflects both palaeoslope (Mechowo was closer to the sedimentary source area situated to the East) and probably local tectonic factor. Consequently, erosion at the Rhaetian/Hettangian boundary (sequence boundary) is inconspicuous if any, which is an exceptional case in the Early Jurassic Polish Basin, where usually Rhaetian deposits are missing or reduced from the top by erosion. Material from Kamień Pomorski IG-1 borehole gives much more abundant palynological data. In the uppermost Rhaetian, the following miospores are most characteristic: spores Semiretisporites gothae (restricted only to the Late Triassic), accompanied by Limbosporites lundblandi Nilsson, Baculatisporites wellmanii (Couper) Krutzsch, Cingulizonathes rhaeticus (Reinhardt) Schulz, Conbaculatisporites mesozoicus Klaus, Deltoidospora toralis (Leschik) Lund, Densosporites fissus (Reinhardt) Schulz, Lycopodiacidites rugulatus (Couper) Schulz, pollens Alisporites radialis (Leschik) Lund, Cuneatisporites cf. radialis Pautsch, Ovalipolis ovalis Krutzsch. This is a typical Rhaetian miospore assemblage. Interestingly, the uppermost Rhaetian deposits show a characteristic palynofacies turnover with a conspicuous "fern peak" (huge number and domination of fern-derived spores). This may point to the environmental/climatic change at the Rhaetian/Hettangian boundary and concomitant biotic crisis. The lowermost Hettangian assemblage comprises (among others): spores Contignisporites problematicus (Couper) Playford & Dettmann, Conbaculatisporites mesozoicus (Madler) Lund, Concavisporites toralis (Leschik) Nilsson, Cosmosporites elegans Nilsson, Zebrasporites interscriptus (Thiergart) Klaus, Lycopodiumsporites semimuris Danze-Corsin & Laveine and pollens Pinuspollenites minimus (Couper) Kemp. These preliminary studies are encouraging and the Kamień Pomorski profile can add to the European record of continental Rhaetian/Hettangian boundary. Furter palynological and isotope studies are planned in this section.