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Electrostatic Discharge Sensitivity and Resistivity Measurements of Al Nanothermites and Their Fuel and Oxidant Precursors

Kelly D., Beland P., Brousseau P., Petre C. F.

Central European Journal of Energetic Materials

2017

Vol. 14, no. 1

105--119

The sensitivity of nanothermites to electrostatic discharge (ESD) has been noted by many authors. In the present work, nanothermites have been prepared using aluminium fuels with oxide (O-Al), palmitic acid (L-Al) and Viton (V-Al) passivation and CuO, Fe2O3 and MoO3 oxidants, as well as binary oxidant mixtures. Fuel- and oxidant-based ESD sensitivity trends of O-Al ≈ L-Al >> V-Al and MoO3 >> CuO ≈ Fe2O3 were observed with binary oxidants affording intermediate sensitivities. In the majority of cases, with the exception of high proportions of MoO3 oxidant, nanothermites containing V-Al fuel were the least sensitive to ESD at > 0.156 J. Resistivity measurements have been made for the fuels and oxidants and follow the trends V-Al >> O-Al ≈ L-Al and MoO3 >> Fe2O3 > CuO. V-Al resistivity of ca. 1011 Ω·cm exceeds that of the oxidants studied. An ESD sensitivity trend, based on a reduced proportion of spark current carried by the aluminium fuel, is proposed and was consistent with the observed ESD and resistivity data.

Establishment of a new class of wear: adhesion initiated catastrophic wear

Markov D., Kelly D.

International Journal of Applied Mechanics and Engineering

2002

Vol. 7, no 3

887-901

The nucleation mechanisms and early stages of four types of catastrophic wear (cw), which can be identified as adhesion-initiated (ai) are considered. Close connections are established: a) between two low-energy types of AICW and a disclination mode of plastic deformation and between two high-energy types of AICW and an amorphous mode of plastic deformation, b) between the incidence of either type of low-energy aicw and the hardness of an AICW seed domain relative to that of the friction surfaces, and c) between the onset of AICW and a competitive stripping and reformation of interlayers. Hypothesis on generation and transfer of energy and heat at microlevel (in process of movement of dislocations and disclinations) is developed as a base of amorphous deformation. Attention is drawn to a need for further consideration of terminology in this field.