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The influence of ambient temperature on foot temperature in patients with diabetic foot ulceration

Foltyński P., Mrozikiewicz-Rakowska B., Ładyżyński P., Wójcicki J. M., Karnafel W.

Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering

2014

Vol. 34, no. 3

178--183

Background: Patients with diabetic neuropathy exhibit a higher foot temperature than those without neuropathy and they are at risk for foot ulceration. Ambient temperature and foot ulceration additionally influence foot temperature in such patients. The aim of the study was to assess the influence of ambient temperature on foot temperature in patients with an ulcer on one of the feet. Methods: Miniature temperature data loggers were used for the monitoring of foot skin and ambient temperature. Twenty patients with diabetic neuropathy and ten healthy subjects were monitored for about 24 h each. Results: The temperature of the foot with an ulcer correlates significantly with ambient temperature, with the slope of the regression line of 0.09. The temperature of the non-ulcerated foot also correlates significantly with ambient temperature, with the slope of 0.31, however the correlation coefficient and the slope are significantly higher than in the case of the foot with an ulcer. The difference of temperature of the foot with an ulcer and temperature of the foot without an ulcer correlates well with ambient temperature with the slope of _0.219. The temperatures of left and right feet were studied as a function of ambient temperature in healthy individuals and there were no statistically significant differences between correlation coefficients and slopes. Conclusions: It is apparent that ambient temperature influences foot temperature even during foot ulceration. Thus ambient temperature should be taken into consideration in any application when foot temperatures are important, especially in the prediction of diabetic foot ulceration.

Comparison of the wound area assessment methods in the diabetic foot syndrome

Molik M., Foltyński P., Ładyżyński P., Tarwacka J., Migalska-Musiał K., Ciechanowska A., Sabalińska S., Młynarczuk M., Wójcicki J. M., Krzymień J., Karnafel W.

Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering

2010

Vol. 30, no. 4

3-15

The paper presents results of comparison of the wound area assessment methods in the diabetic foot syndrome (DFS). Wound size is a basic parameter that is used to evaluate efficacy of the applied treatment. Four measurement methods were used: the rulers, the planimetric Visitrak (Smith & Nephew, England), the Silhouette (Aranz Medical, New Zealand) applying lasers, digital photography and planimetry as well as the patient's module of TeleDiaFoS telecare system with the foot scanning capabilities. Study group consisted of 18 DFS patients. Nineteen wounds were successfully measured with all 4 methods. The results of the Visitrak and the Silhouette can be used interehangeably (r = 0.994, slope = 1.01, intercept = 0.154 cm2). For the other systems strong linear relationships exist that can be used to convert the wound area measured with one method to the corresponding value of another method. The correlation coefficients higher than 0.985 were obtained in ease of 3 systems: Visitrak, Silhouette and TeleDiaFoS. The TeleDiaFoS system can provide a physician with the patient-self-taken wound images that can be used for reliable assessment of the wound healing process during home tele-monitoring of the DFS patients.