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1

Control of Selected Properties of „Vari-Morph” (VM) Cast Iron by Means of the Graphite form Influence, Described by the Mean Shape Indicator

Zych J., Myszka M., Kaźnica N.

Archives of Foundry Engineering

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2019

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iss. 3

43--48

EN

The graphite form in cast iron is the structure parameter deciding on its all physical and mechanical properties. Three basic forms of graphite: flake, vermicular (compact) and nodular (spheroidal) are singled out in standard cast iron grades, without a heat treatment. Standards of individual grades of cast iron the most often allow only the homogeneous graphite form, sometimes with addition of 5÷10% of the other form. The interesting and - in the authors opinion - future-oriented material can constitute cast iron in which various forms of graphite are present, e.g. in comparative amounts: spherical and vermicular cast irons. Cast iron within which graphite occurs in two or three forms was named „Vari-Morph” (VM) cast iron, i.e. the one in which spherical and vermicular or vermicular and flake graphite occur in a wide range of proportions. The results of investigations of these new cast iron grades and their properties are presented in the hereby paper.

2

Wnikanie wilgoci w formy piaskowe z wodnymi i alkoholowymi powłokami ochronnymi

Kaźnica N., Zych J.

Przegląd Odlewnictwa

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2018

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Vol. 68, nr 5-6

130--133

PL

W artykule przedstawiono wyniki badań sorpcji wilgoci w warunkach wilgotnego powietrza w powierzchniowe warstwy elementów form piaskowych w odniesieniu do konkretnych przykładów odlewów. Wilgoć przenikająca z otoczenia w głąb form czy rdzeni piaskowych, a w szczególności gromadząca się w ich warstwie wierzchniej, może mieć negatywny wpływ na jakość otrzymywanych odlewów. Świadomość o istnieniu zjawiska wymiany wilgoci może stać się podstawą do prawidłowego magazynowania elementów form odlewniczych, czasu ich przechowywania itp. Wykorzystanie wyników badań może przyczynić się do ograniczenia powstawania powierzchniowych wad odlewów, w szczególności pochodzenia gazowego. Prowadzono badania, których celem był ilościowy opis procesu pochłaniania wilgoci z otoczenia przez elementy form wykonane z mas formierskich z żywicami: furanową i alkidową, dodatkowo pokrytych wodnymi i alkoholowymi ochronnymi powłokami cyrkonowo-grafitowymi. Równocześnie z określeniem ilości przenikającej z otoczenia wilgoci wyznaczano również kinetykę jej wnikania w warstwy wierzchnie form piaskowych.

EN

Results of the investigations of moisture sorption into surface layers of sand moulds under the humid air conditions are presented in the paper. This process is shown with reference to specific cases. Humidity getting through sand cores or moulds, especially accumulated in their surface layer, can negatively effects to quality of casts' surface. That is why the awareness of sorption processes can be a good beginning of properly storage of elements of sand moulds. Use of the measurements results can limit the occurrence of surface defects, in particular gasous origin. The aim of performed tests was quantitative description of process of the moisture sorption through the elements of moulds made from moulding sand with resins: furan and alkyd. The samples were additionally covered by zirconium -graphite alcohol- and water-based protective coatings. During tests the amount of moisture and kinetics of sorption process into the surface layers of element of sand moulds were measured.

3

Kinetics of Gases Emission from Surface Layers of Sand Moulds

Zych J., Mocek J., Kaźnica N.

Archives of Foundry Engineering

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2018

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Vol. 18, iss. 1

222--226

EN

Gas emission from casting moulds, cores and coatings applied for sand and permanent moulds is one of the fundamental reasons of casting defects occurrence. In the previous studies, gas emission was measured in two ways: normalized, in which the evolving gas volume was measured during heating of the moulding sand sample in a sealed flask, or by measuring the amount of gas from sand core (sample) which is produced during the pouring of liquid metal. After the pouring process the sand mould is heated very unequally, the most heated areas are layers adjacent to the liquid metal. The emission of gas is significantly larger from the surface layer than from the remaining ones. New, original method of measuring kinetics of gas emission from very thin layers of sand moulds heated by liquid metal developed by the authors is presented in the hereby paper. Description of this new method and the investigation results of kinetics of gas emission from moulding sand with furan and alkyd resin are shown. Liquid grey cast iron and Al-Si alloy were used as a heat source in the sand moulds. Comparison of the kinetics of gas emission of these two kinds of moulding sands filled with two different alloys was made. The momentary metal temperature in sand mould was assigned to the kinetics of gas emission, what creates a full view of the possibility of formation of casting defects of the gaseous origin. Moulding sand with alkyd resin is characterized by larger gas emission; however gases are emitted slower than in the case of moulding sands with furan resin. This new investigation method has a high repeatability and is the only one which gives a full view of phenomenon’s in the surface layer which determines quality of the casings. The obtained results are presented on several graphs and analyzed in detail. They have a great application value and can be used in the production of iron as well as light metal alloy castings.

4

Badania powłok ochronnych stosowanych na formy metalowe

Kolczyk J., Kaźnica N., Żymankowska-Kumon S., Jamrozowicz Ł.

Prace Instytutu Odlewnictwa

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2017

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Vol. 57, no. 1

39--50

PL

Metoda odlewania kokilowego opiera się na odlewaniu do metalowych, trwałych form, co pozwala na uzyskanie dużej liczby odlewów o praktycznie identycznych kształtach. W porównaniu z technologią odlewania do form piaskowych ma ona wiele zalet. Tym samym jednak posiada zupełnie inne wymagania dotyczące zarówno warunków wypełniania formy, jak również krzepnięcia metalu. Dlatego istotny wydaje się być dobór odpowiednich pokryć ochronnych na formy, które spełnią zadania kontroli poszczególnych procesów, a także ułatwią usuwanie odlewu, czy przedłużą żywotność form metalowych. W ramach pracy wykonano badania lepkości dynamicznej oraz umownej powłok ochronnych (podkładowych, izolacyjnych i przewodzących ciepło) stosowanych na formy metalowe. Badania prowadzono w temperaturze 25°C. Dokonano również próby oceny ekologiczności stosowanych powłok w temperaturze ich nakładania na formy metalowe (200°C) oraz w temperaturze pracy form (400°C) na podstawie badań chromatograficznych.

EN

The die casting method is based on casting into permanent metal moulds, which makes it possible to obtain a large amount of casts with practically identical shapes. Compared to the technology of sand mould casting, this method has many advantages. However, it thus faces completely different requirements concerning the conditions of both filling the mould and metal solidification. That is why it seems important to select the appropriate protective coatings applied on the moulds, which provide control over the particular processes as well as facilitate the removal of the cast and prolong the durability of the metal moulds. The study included investigations of the dynamic and relative viscosity of protective coatings (ground, insulating and thermal conductive) used for metal moulds. The examinations were performed at 25°C. Also, an attempt was made at evaluating the environmental performance of the used coatings at the temperature of their application onto the metal moulds (200°C) as well as the temperature of the moulds’ operation (400°C) based on chromatographic tests.

5

Analiza procesu wysychania zawilgoconych warstw wierzchnich form i rdzeni piaskowych na przykładzie masy ze szkłem wodnym

Kaźnica N., Zych J., Kolczyk J.

Prace Instytutu Odlewnictwa

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2017

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Vol. 57, no. 1

29--38

PL

W pracy przedstawiono analizę procesu wysychania warstw wierzchnich piaskowych form i rdzeni odlewniczych (wykonanych z formierskiej sypkiej masy samoutwardzalnej z uwodnionym krzemianem sodu utwardzanej ciekłym utwardzaczem estrowym) poddanych uprzednio procesowi pochłaniania wilgoci. Po 12-godzinnym procesie sorpcji wilgoci z otoczenia w warunkach wysokiej wilgotności względnej powietrza (powyżej 85%) oraz temperatury (28−33°C) analizowano proces wysychania (desorpcji) powierzchniowych warstw form i rdzeni odlewniczych w warunkach odpowiednio niższych wartości temperatury i wilgotności na przykładzie masy ze szkłem wodnym. W badaniach wykorzystano metodę grawimetryczną. Na podstawie uzyskanych wyników wykazano, że zawilgocone powierzchniowe warstwy wysychają z różną intensywnością, uzależnioną od warunków otoczenia oraz rozmiarów ziarna osnowy piaskowej (porów międzyziarnowych). Wiedza na temat przebiegu zarówno procesu sorpcji, jak i desorpcji wilgoci przez wierzchnie warstwy elementów form piaskowych jest niezbędna do zapobiegania powstawaniu powierzchniowych wad odlewów, pojawiających się okresowo w odlewniach.

EN

An analysis of the drying process of surface layers of sand moulds and cores (made of loose self-hardening moulding sand with hydrated sodium silicate hardened with a liquid ester hardener) which was previously subjected to the process of moisture sorption is presented in the hereby paper. After a 12-hour process of moisture sorption from the environment under conditions of high relative air humidity (over 85%) as well as temperature (28−33°C), an analysis was performed using the drying (desorption) process on the surface layers of sand moulds and cores under conditions of lower values of temperature and humidity on the example of water glass moulding sand. The investigations involved the use of the gravimetric method. Based on the obtained results, it was demonstrated that the moistened surface layers dry up with different intensities depending on the environmental conditions as well as the size of the sand grains (intergranular pores). The knowledge of the course of both the sorption and desorption of moisture by surface layers of sand mould components is necessary to prevent the formation of casting surface defects, which periodically appear in foundries.

6

Role of Sand Grains in Sorption Processes by Surface Layers of Components of Sand Moulds

Kaźnica N.

Archives of Foundry Engineering

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2017

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Vol. 17, iss. 1

87--92

EN

The results of researches of sorption processes of surface layers of components of sand moulds covered by protective coatings are presented in the hereby paper. Investigations comprised various types of sand grains of moulding sands with furan resin: silica sand, reclaimed sand and calcined in temperature of 700 oC silica sand. Two kinds of alcoholic protective coatings were used – zirconium and zirconium – graphite. Tests were performed under condition of a constant temperature within the range 30 – 35oC and high relative air humidity 75 - 80%. To analyze the role of sand grains in sorption processes quantitavie moisture sorption with use of gravimetric method and ultrasonic method were used in measurements. The tendency to moisture sorption of surface layers of sand moulds according to the different kinds of sand grains was specified. The effectiveness of protective action of coatings from moisture sorption was analyzed as well. Knowledge of the role of sand grains from the viewpoint of capacity for moisture sorption is important due to the surface casting defects occurrence. In particular that are defects of a gaseous origin caused by too high moisture content of moulds, especially in surface layers.

7

Rheological Properties of Typical Ceramic Slurries Used in the Lost Wax Technology

Kolczyk J., Jamrozowicz Ł., Kaźnica N.

Archives of Foundry Engineering

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2017

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Vol. 17, iss. 1

197--201

EN

The results of investigations of the rheological properties of typical ceramic slurries used in the investment casting technology – the lost wax technology are presented in the paper. Flow curves in the wide range of shear velocity were made. Moreover, viscosity of ceramic slurries depending on shearing stresses was specified. Tests were performed under conditions of three different temperatures 25, 30 and 35oC, which are typical and important in the viewpoint of making ceramic slurries in the investment casting technology. In the light of the performed investigations can be said that the belonging in group of Newtonian or Non – Newtonian fluid is dependent on content of solid phase (addition of aluminum oxide) in the whole composition of liquid ceramic slurries.

8

Influence of the Hardener Type on the Hardening Process Kinetics of the Selected Self-setting Sands

Jamrozowicz Ł., Kolczyk J., Kaźnica N., Pyziak Z.

Archives of Foundry Engineering

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2017

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Vol. 17, iss. 1

73--78

EN

Measurements of the hardening process of the selected self-setting sands are presented in the hereby paper. Moulding sands were prepared on the matrix of „Szczakowa” sand of the Sibelco Company. Two resins: phenol-formaldehyde-furfuryl (FF/AF) and urea-formaldehyde-furfuryl (MF/AF) were used for making moulding sands. – Methylbenzene-sulphonic acid was applied as a hardener for the moulding sand on FF/AF resin, while paratoluene-sulphonic acid for the moulding sand on MF/AF resin. Both hardeners were used in two concentrations: low – the so-called ‘slow’ hardener and high - ‘fast’ hardener. During investigations the courses of the hardening process were determined, more accurately changes of the velocity of the ultrasound wave passage through the moulding sand cL = f(t) and changes of the moulding sand hardening degree versus time, Sx = f(t). In addition the kinetics of the hardening process was determined. Measurements were performed on the research stand for ultrasound investigations.

9

Gases Emission From Surface Layers of Sand Moulds and Cores Stored Under the Humid Air Conditions

Kaźnica N., Zych J., Mocek J.

Archives of Foundry Engineering

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2017

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Vol. 17, iss. 4

79--84

EN

A large number of defects of castings made in sand moulds is caused by gases. There are several sources of gases: gases emitted from moulds, cores or protective coatings during pouring and casting solidification; water in moulding sands; moisture adsorbed from surroundings due to atmospheric conditions changes. In investigations of gas volumetric emissions of moulding sands amounts of gases emitted from moulding sand were determined - up to now - in dependence of the applied binders, sand grains, protective coatings or alloys used for moulds pouring. The results of investigating gas volumetric emissions of thin-walled sand cores poured with liquid metal are presented in the hereby paper. They correspond to the surface layer in the mould work part, which is decisive for the surface quality of the obtained castings. In addition, cores were stored under conditions of a high air humidity, where due to large differences in humidity, the moisture - from surroundings - was adsorbed into the surface layer of the sand mould. Due to that, it was possible to asses the influence of the adsorbed moisture on the gas volumetric emission from moulds and cores surface layers by means of the new method of investigating the gas emission kinetics from thin moulding sand layers heated by liquid metal. The results of investigations of kinetics of the gas emission from moulding sands with furan and alkyd resins as well as with hydrated sodium silicate (water glass) are presented. Kinetics of gases emissions from these kinds of moulding sands poured with Al-Si alloy were compared.

10

Badanie kinetyki utwardzania wybranych mas samoutwardzalnych w niskiej temperaturze

Jamrozowicz Ł., Kolczyk J., Kaźnica N.

Prace Instytutu Odlewnictwa

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2016

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Vol. 56, no. 4

379--390

PL

W artykule przedstawiono analizę kinetyki procesu utwardzania mas samoutwardzalnych. Do badań wykorzystano masę formierską z osnową ziarnową z piasku kwarcowego firmy Sibelco, o wielkości frakcji głównej Fg 0,40; 0,32; 0,20 mm. Jako spoiwa użyto dwóch żywic. Pierwszym badaniom poddano masę z żywicą fenolowo-formaldehydowo-furfurylową (FF/AF), utwardzaną kwasem metylobenzenosulfonowym. Utwardzacz do masy dodawany był w dwóch wariantach: o niskim stężeniu – tzw. utwardzacz „wolny” i wysokim stężeniu – utwardzacz „szybki”. Drugą badaną masą była masa z żywicą mocznikowo-formaldehydowo-furfurylową (MF/AF), którą z kolei utwardzano kwasem paratoluenosulfonowym. Podobnie jak w przypadku pierwszej żywicy, utwardzacza użyto w dwóch stężeniach – niskim i wysokim. Pomiary prowadzono na stanowisku do badań ultradźwiękowych mas formierskich. W trakcie badania wyznaczono przebieg procesu utwardzania, a dokładniej – rejestrowano zmianę czasu przejścia podłużnej fali ultradźwiękowej przez świeżo sporządzoną próbkę masy formierskiej. Na tej podstawie określano prędkość przejścia fali ultradźwiękowej przez masę w czasie CL = f(t), co było podstawą do wyznaczenia zarówno zmiany stopnia utwardzenia masy w czasie, czyli Sx = f(t), jak i określenia kinetyki procesu utwardzania dSx/dt. Badania procesu wiązania masy przeprowadzono w temperaturze 10°C.

EN

The article presents an analysis of the kinetics of the hardening process of self-hardening masses. In this study, moulding sand with a quartz sand grain matrix by Sibelco, main fraction Fm 0.40; 0.32; 0.20 mm, was used. Two resins were used as binders. The first tests were performed on a mass with phenol-formaldehyde-phurphuril resin (FF/AF), hardened with methylbenzenesulfonic acid. The hardener was added to the mass in two variants: with a low concentration – the so-called “slow” hardener – and a high concentration – the “fast” hardener. The second examined mass was a mass with urea-formaldehyde-phurphuril (MF/AF), which was, in turn, hardened with p-toluenesulfonic acid. Similarly to the case of the first resin, the hardener was applied in two concentrations – low and high. The measurements were made on a bench for ultrasound tests on moulding sands. During the examinations, the course of the hardening process was determined, and more precisely, the change in the time of the longitudinal ultrasound wave’s passing through the newly-prepared moulding sand sample was recorded. On this basis, the velocity of the ultrasound waves passing through the mass in time CL = f(t) was determined, which was, in turn, the basis for the determination of both the change in the hardening degree of the mass in time, that is Sx = f(t), and the kinetics of the hardening process dSx/dt. The tests of the mass binding process were performed at 10°C.

11

Effectiveness of Protective Action of Coatings from Moisture Sorption into Surface Layer of Sand Moulds

Kaźnica N., Zych J.

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

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2016

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Vol. 61, iss. 4

2111--2116

EN

The results of investigations of the sorption process of surface layers of sand moulds covered by zirconium and zirconium - graphite alcohol coatings are presented in the paper. Investigations comprised two kinds of sand grains (silica sand and reclaimed sand) of moulding sand with furan resin. Tests were performed under conditions of a high relative air humidity 75-85% and a constant temperature within the range 28–33°C. To evaluate the effectiveness of coatings protective action from moisture penetration into surface layers of sand moulds gravimetric method of quantitavie moisture sorption and ultrasonic method were applied in measurements. The optimal number and kind of coatings from the viewpoint of protection from moisture sorption were specified for furan moulding sands with quartz sand and reclaimed sand as well. Knowledge of proper coatings selection is important due to protection from high air humidity and its adverse effects. What is more, it can allow to select the proper storage conditions of casting moulds waiting for being poured with liquid metals. This can limit the occurrence of surface defects which are caused by too high humidity of casting moulds, especially in surface layer.

12

Logistyka ciekłego metalu na przykładzie odlewni żeliwa

Kaźnica N., Kolczyk J.

Logistyka

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2015

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nr 4

9108--9113, CD3

PL

Otrzymywanie wyrobów na drodze odlewniczej wymaga dużego reżimu technologicznego. Ciekły metal, którym zalewane są gotowe formy odlewnicze, musi charakteryzować się odpowiednim składem chemicznym. Drugim istotnym elementem jest ściśle określony dla poszczególnych stopów odlewniczych zakres temperatur zalewania. Spełnienie tych warunków i utrzymanie ich na wymaganym poziomie również w czasie transportu metalu do stanowisk zalewania determinuje otrzymywanie wymaganych w odlewie właściwości.

EN

Obtaining products by means of casting requires observing the disciplined technological process. Liquid metal, with which the ready casting moulds are poured, must be characterised by the proper chemical composition. The second essential element is the strictly determined – for individual casting alloys – range of pouring temperatures. Meeting these conditions and maintaining them at the required level, also during transporting liquid metals to pouring stands, determines obtaining the required properties of castings.

13

Procesy pochłaniania wilgoci z otoczenia i wysychania na przykładzie wierzchnich warstw form odlewniczych

Kaźnica N., Zych J.

Archives of Foundry Engineering

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2015

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Vol. 15, iss. 4 spec.

63--66

PL

W pracy przedstawiono wyniki badania procesów: pochłaniania wilgoci z otoczenia oraz wysychania wierzchnich warstw form piaskowych. Badania obejmowały trzy rodzaje mas formierskich – jedną ze spoiwem nieorganicznym (uwodniony krzemian sodu) i dwie ze spoiwami organicznymi (żywica furfurylowa oraz żywica alkidowa). Badania sorpcji prowadzono na prototypowym stanowisku badawczym pozwalającym na utrzymanie stałej, wysokiej temperatury otoczenia (28–33 °C) oraz wilgotności względnej powietrza powyżej 95%. Badania desorpcji prowadzono na analogicznym stanowisku badawczym zapewniającym odpowiednio niższe wartości wilgotności względnej powietrza oraz temperatury. W obu przypadkach wykorzystano metodę grawimetryczną. Na podstawie analizy otrzymanych wyników wykazano, że wierzchnie warstwy form odlewniczych pochłaniają wilgoć z otoczenia z różną intensywnością, uzależnioną między innymi od ich składu. Jednocześnie, wszystkie zawilgocone badane masy poddane procesowi wysychania oddawały wilgoć do otoczenia. Krzywe sorpcji i desorpcji nie pokrywają się. W przypadku desorpcji zawartość końcowa wilgoci w wierzchnich warstwach form odlewniczych jest większa dla wszystkich badanych mas, niezależnie od rodzaju masy formierskiej.

EN

The results of investigations of the sorption and desorption process of surface layers of sand moulds are presented in the paper. Investigations comprised three kinds of moulding sands with one inorganic binder (hydrated sodium silicate) and two organic binders: (furfuryl resin and alkyd resin). Tests of sorption process were performed on the prototype research stand allowing to maintain a constant, high temperature of surroundings (28–33 °C) and the relative air humidity above 95%. Tests of desorption process were performed on the analogical research stand ensuring lower value of temperature and the air humidity. The gravimetric method was applied in both measurements. On the bases of achieved results it was shown that surface layers of sand moulds absorb water vapour from surroundings with various intensity which is determined of the chemical composition. Simultaneously, all of the moistened moulding sands which were subjected to the drying process were given moisture to the surroundings back. Sorption and desorption processes curves do not coincide. In case of desorption process the moisture content in the surface layers of all the tested moulding sands is higher irrespective of the kind of moulding sand.

14

Investigations of the Sorption Process’ Kinetics of Sand Moulds’ Surface Layers under Conditions of a High Air Humidity

Kaźnica N., Zych J.

Archives of Foundry Engineering

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2015

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Vol. 15, iss. 3 spec.

29--32

EN

The results of investigations of the sorption process of surface layers of sand moulds under conditions of a high air humidity are presented in the paper. Investigations comprised three kinds of moulding sands with inorganic and organic binders: moulding sand with hydrated sodium silicate with furfuryl resin and with alkyd resin. Tests were performed on the prototype research stand allowing to maintain a constant, high temperature of surroundings (28–33°C) and the relative air humidity (above 95%). The gravimetric method was applied in measurements. The proposed method allows to assess the amount of water which permeates by the area unit of surface layers of sand moulds into their insides. Knowledge of such parameter allows to select the proper storage conditions of casting moulds waiting for being poured with liquid metals. This can limit the occurrence of surface defects which are caused by too high humidity of casting moulds.

15

Analiza metod pomiaru wybijalności mas formierskich

Major-Gabryś K., Grabarczyk A., Kaźnica N.

Archives of Foundry Engineering

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2014

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Vol. 14, iss. 3 spec.

35--40

PL

Potrzeba uzyskiwania wysokiej jakości odlewów wymusza podejmowanie prac badawczych dla otrzymania mas formierskich i rdzeniowych zapewniających uzyskanie tworzyw o odpowiednich parametrach technologicznych, jednocześnie spełniających wysokie wymogi ochrony środowiska. Przyjaznymi dla środowiska są masy ze spoiwami nieorganicznymi, jednak jedną z ich podstawowych wad jest zła wybijalność. W artykule zostały przedstawione najczęściej stosowane metody pomiaru wybijalności mas formierskich i rdzeniowych. Autorzy zaproponowali nową metodę oceny wybijalności opierającą się na pomiarze ekspansji wysokotemperaturowej. Przedstawiono ocenę wybijalności mas z uwodnionym krzemianem sodu modyfikowanym dodatkiem nanocząstek Al2O3 w oparciu o ekspansje wysokotemperaturową oraz pomiar wytrzymałości końcowej na ściskanie Rctk. Autorzy udowodnili, że ekspansja wysokotemperaturowa stanowić może kryterium oceny wybijalności mas formierskich.

EN

The necessity of receiving high quality castings forces undertaking research to elaborate moulding and core sands ensuring obtaining the materials with relevant technological parameters and also with high environmental standards. Environmental friendly are moulding sands with inorganic binders. Unfortunately, their fundamental disadvantages are weak knock-out properties. The article presents the most commonly used methods of measuring the knock-out properties of moulding and core sands. The authors propose a new method for estimation this parameter of moulding sands with hydrated sodium silicate modified with nanoparticles of Al2O3. The method is based on the measurement of high-temperature expansion. There are shown moulding sands’ knock-out properties estimated according to high-temperature expansion measurement and according to retained strength Rc tk measurement. Authors proved that high-temperature expansion may be the standard of moulding sands’ knock-out properties estimation.

16

Modyfikacja uwodnionego krzemianu sodu jako spoiwa do sypkich mas samoutwardzalnych przy użyciu Al2O3

Kaźnica N., Grabarczyk A., Major-Gabryś K.

Archives of Foundry Engineering

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2013

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Vol. 13, iss. 3 spec.

57--62

PL

Artykuł dotyczy ekologicznych mas z uwodnionym krzemianem sodu jako spoiwem. Masy zawierające uwodniony krzemian sodu wykazują niską szkodliwość dla środowiska naturalnego, jednakże charakteryzują się złą wybijalnością. W prezentowanym artykule autorzy skupili się na zbadaniu wpływu dodatków modyfikujących na bazie związków Al2O3 na właściwości technologiczne sypkich mas samoutwardzalnych z uwodnionym krzemianem sodu i ciekłymi utwardzaczami. W ramach prac określono również wpływ nowych dodatków na wybijalność badanych mas określaną w oparciu o pomiar wytrzymałości końcowej na ściskanie Rctk oraz ekspansji wysokotemperaturowej.

EN

This article is devoted to research on ecological moulding sands with hydrated sodium silicate binder. These types of moulding sands are proved to be less harmful to the environment, but unfortunately they have low knock-out properties. In the presented article authors focus their tests on the influence of new Al2O3 based additives in composition with self-hardening moulding sands with hydrated sodium silicate and liquid hardeners. Technological parameters are also measured to determine the influence of new additives on knock-out properties of tested moulding sands. The knock-out properties were estimated by measuring the retained strength Rctk and thermal expansion of examined moulding sands.