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Content available Neuroobrazowanie u pacjentów uzależnionych od substancji psychoaktywnych
Malisz Klaudia
Inżynier i Fizyk Medyczny
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2022
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Vol. 11, nr 3
261--263
PL
Celem artykułu jest przedstawienie charakterystycznych zmian w obrębie mózgowia wynikających z zażywania substancji psychoaktywnych, możliwych do zaobserwowania za pomocą badań obrazowych. Ciągle rozwijające się metody neuroobrazowania pozwalają otrzymać coraz więcej informacji na temat nieprawidłowości morfologicznych, a także zaburzeń funkcjonalnych, metabolicznych mózgu. Na szczególną uwagę zasługują badania receptorowe wnoszące wiele do walki z uzależnieniem.
EN
The aim of the article is presentation of the neurological typical abnormalities resulting from the use of psychoactive substances. Constantly developing methods of neuroimaging allow us to receive more and more information about morphological abnormalities, as well as functional and metabolic disorders of the brain. Examination based on occupancy and saturation of specific type receptors could create the fundamentals for future treatments and addiction prevention.
2
Content available Vascular stents - materials and manufacturing technologies
Malisz Klaudia, Świeczko-Żurek Beata
Engineering of Biomaterials
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2022
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vol. 25, no. 166
22--28
EN
The objective of this article is to present materials and technology for the manufacture of vascular stents with appropriate design requirements. The use of the right material is very important in implantology. A biomaterial introduced into the circulatory system must be biocompatible and hemocompatible. At the same time, it should not initiate toxic, mutagenic, or immunological reactions. Currently, 316L stainless steel (316L SS), nitinol (Ni-Ti alloy) and cobalt-chromium alloy (Co-Cr) are used as standard stent materials. Additionally, drug-containing coatings are used to provide antithrombotic properties. Nowadays, scientists are trying to create biodegradable stents (BDS) using magnesium (Mg) or zinc (Zn) alloys. Laser methods are generally used to manufacture stents using Nd:YAG lasers with a pulse length in the range of several milliseconds. Material removal is based on the ejection of the melt using a high-pressure gas. The result is remelting and heat-affected zones. Various post-processing procedures are necessary to remove residues, including etching and electropolishing. Minimizing the heat-affected zone could be achieved by using femtosecond lasers. Additionally, immersion of the material in water prevents the deposition of residues on the workpiece. Interesting alternatives used in the manufacture of vascular stents are electrospinning or additive techniques. 3D printing enables obtaining of geometrically complex and personalized implants and reduces the consumption of materials and the production of waste.
3
Content available Biological and mechanical research of titanium implants covered with bactericidal coating
Malisz Klaudia, Świeczko-Żurek Beata
Engineering of Biomaterials
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2022
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vol. 25, no. 165
17--22
EN
Materials used in bone implants should not only be non- -toxic to the surrounding tissues, but also should promote osseointegration and minimize the risk of infection. Infections are a serious problem contributing to implantation failure. They are associated with pain, immobilization, and the necessity of reoperation. In extreme cases, they can lead to significant inflammatory changes in the bones, which, in turn, can lead to amputation and even death. After implantation, the surrounding tissues are damaged. In addition, implants are susceptible to bacterial colonization due to the lack of microcirculation. Therefore, scientists are working on antibacterial coatings to prevent the adhesion of bacteria before tissue regeneration. The paper concerns the biological and mechanical properties of titanium implants with an antibacterial coating. The Ti13Zr13Nb alloy samples were coated with hydroxyapatite (HAp) coatings using the electrophoretic deposition technique (EPD). Subsequently, the surface of the samples was modified with silver, copper, and nickel nanoparticles by the immersion method. Different titanium sample types (i.e. HAp-only and nanometals-enriched coatings) were placed in a bacterial solution for a period of one month. Each sample was examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), nanoindentation, nanoscratch, and contact angle tests. The significant amount of dead biofilm on the surface proves the effectiveness of antibacterial activity. The wettability assessment showed that the samples were hydrophilic. The conducted tests of mechanical properties indicate the heterogeneity of the coatings.
4
Content available The degradation of breast implants – in vivo and in vitro research
Świeczko-Żurek Beata, Malisz Klaudia
Engineering of Biomaterials
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2021
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Vol. 24, no. 163
63
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