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An Overview of the Regional Experiments for Land-Atmosphere Exchanges 2012 (Reflex 2012) Campaign

Timmermans W. J., Tol Ch. van der, Timmermans J., Ucer M., Chen X., Alonso L., Moreno J., Carrara A., Lopez R., Cruz Tercero F. de la, Corcoles H. L., Miguel E. de, Sanchez J. A. G., Pérez I., Franch B., Munoz J.-C. J., Skokovic D., Sobrino J., Soria G., MacArthur A., Vescovo L., Reusen I., Andreu A., Burkart A., Cilia Ch., Contreras S., Corbari Ch., Calleja J. F., Guzinski R., Hellmann Ch., Herrmann I., Kerr G., Lazar A.-L., Leutner B., Mendiguren G., Nasilowska S., Nieto H., Pachego-Labrador J., Pulanekar S., Raj R., Schikling A., Siegmann B., Bueren S. von, Su Z.

Acta Geophysica

2015

Vol. 63, no. 6

1465--1484

The REFLEX 2012 campaign was initiated as part of a training course on the organization of an airborne campaign to support advancement of the understanding of land-atmosphere interaction processes. This article describes the campaign, its objectives and observations, remote as well as in situ. The observations took place at the experimental Las Tiesas farm in an agricultural area in the south of Spain. During the period of ten days, measurements were made to capture the main processes controlling the local and regional land-atmosphere exchanges. Apart from multi-temporal, multi-directional and multi-spatial space-borne and airborne observations, measurements of the local meteorology, energy fluxes, soil temperature profiles, soil moisture profiles, surface temperature, canopy structure as well as leaf-level measurements were carried out. Additional thermo-dynamical monitoring took place at selected sites.

An Analysis of Turbulent Heat Fluxes and the Energy Balance During the REFLEX Campaign

Tol Ch. van der, Timmermans W., Corbari Ch., Carrara A., Timmermans J., Su Z.

Acta Geophysica

2015

Vol. 63, no. 6

1516--1539

Three eddy covariance stations were installed at the Barrax experimental farm during the Land-Atmosphere Exchanges (REFLEX) airborne training and measurement campaign to provide ground truth data of energy balance fluxes and vertical temperature and wind profiles. The energy balance closure ratio (EBR) was 105% for a homogeneous camelina site, 86% at a sparse reforestation site, and 73% for a vineyard. We hypothesize that the lower closure in the last site was related to the limited fetch. Incorporating a vertical gradient of soil thermal properties decreased the RMSE of the energy balance at the camelina site by 16 W m-2. At the camelina site, eddy covariance estimates of sensible and latent heat fluxes could be reproduced well using mean vertical profiles of wind and temperature, provided that the Monin-Obukhov length is known. Measured surface temperature and sensible heat fluxes suggested high excess resistance for heat (kB-1 = 17).