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1

Development of maritime VR training applications and their use in simulation networks: fast rescue boat training in EMSN connect

Ujkani A., Kumar A., Grundmann R.

TransNav : International Journal on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation

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2023

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Vol. 17 No. 2

324--329

EN

The theoretical and practical acquisition of skills to carry out the necessary steps consciously and safely in an emergency is essential for training specialized personnel. Due to the lack of trained experts on site, such as firefighters or emergency doctors, learning the skills is a high priority in the maritime sector. Not least through adjustments in the certification of qualifications, through the refreshing of knowledge in specified time frames, the topic has been given greater importance. This paper will further describe the efforts of the FIP-S2@Novia cooperation to develop a virtual reality-based learning application for the maritime sector, in particular an application for learning how to use a Fast Rescue Boat in a person overboard operation. Furthermore, the paper describes the technical approach, the implementation of the VR application in Unity as well as the connection of the application to the European maritime simulation network (EMSN Connect), and its use in a connected simulation exercise.

2

Fabrication and Different Characterization of Graphene Nano Platelets Reinforced Epoxy Nano Composites

Namdev Anurag, Purohit R., Telang A., Kumar A.

Archives of Metallurgy and Materials

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2023

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Vol. 68, iss. 2

823--832

EN

In this research, Graphene nanoplatelets (GNP) reinforced epoxy nano composites were fabricated via magnetic stirrer and ultra sonification assisted hand layup method. The impact of different weight percentage of GNP (0, 0.25, 0.50, and 1.0%) on different characteristics of nano composites was evaluated. The microstructure analysis of developed nano composite was determined by Field emission scanning electron microscopy. It was examined that epoxy nano composites containing 0.5 wt.% GNP have the highest tensile, flexural, and impact strength compared to neat epoxy. The reduction in tensile and flexural strength is achieved at 1% of GNP. Adding more nanofiller to a certain limit causes non-uniform dispersion and agglomeration of nanoparticles, which results in a reduction in properties. The 1% GNP reinforced nano composite has the highest value of shore hardness.

3

Parametric Optimization for Producing Semi-Solid A383 Alloy using Cooling Slope Casting Process

Rao M. S., Khandelwal Himandshu, Kumar M., Kumar A.

Archives of Foundry Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 23, iss. 1

43--52

EN

Cooling slope casting is a simple technique to produce semi-solid feedstock with a non-dendritic structure. The cooling slope technique depends on various parameters like slope length, slope angle, pouring temperature etc, that has been investigated in the present study. This work presents an extensive study to comprehend the combined effect of slope angle, slope length, pouring temperature, on hardness and microstructure of A383 alloy. Response Surface Methodology was adopted for design of experiments with varying process parameters i.e. slope angle between 15o to 60o, slope length between 400 to 700 mm, and pouring temperature between 560 oC to 600 oC. The response factor hardness was analysed using ANOVA to understand the effect of input parameters and their interactions. The hardness was found to be increasing with increased slope length and pouring temperature; and decreased with slope angle. The empirical relation for response with parameters were established using the regression analysis and are incorporated in an optimization model. The optimum hardness with non-dendritic structure of A383 alloy was obtained at 27o slope angle, 596.5 mm slope length and 596 oC pouring temperature. The results were successfully verified by confirmation experiment, which shows around 2% deviation from the predicted hardness (87.11 BHN).

4

Memory response on generalized thermoelastic medium in context of dual phase lag thermoelasticity with non-local effect

Tiwari R., Saeed A. M., Kumar R., Kumar A., Singhal A.

Archives of Mechanics

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2022

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Vol. 74, nr 2-3

69--88

EN

Theory of non-local continuum is contemporary appraised and is found to be supplementary coherent to capture the impacts of each and every point of the material at its single point. The conviction of memory dependent derivative is also newly appraised and is observed to be more intuitionistic for predicting the realistic character of the real-world obstacles. Attractiveness of the belief of a memory dependent derivative lies in its unique properties such as its significant constituents – a kernel function and time-delay are freely selected according to the requirement of a problem. The present study comprises a new meticulous thermoelastic heat conduction model for the homogeneous, isotropic, thermoelastic half space medium concerning memory effects and non-local effects. Governing equations are constructed on the basis of the newly appraised non-local generalized theory of thermoelasticity with two phase lags in the frame of a memory dependent derivative. Exact analytical solutions of the physical fields such as dimensionless temperature, displacement as well as thermal stress are evaluated by using a suitable technique of the Laplace transform. Quantitative results are determined in a time-domain for different values of time by taking the numerical inversion of the Laplace transform. Noteworthy role of the constituents of the memory dependent derivative such as kernel function as well as time-delay factor has been scrutinized on the crucial field variables of the medium through computational outcomes. Moreover, the impact of non-local parameter is examined on the variations of field quantities through the quantitative results.

5

Sustainable deployment of crushed concrete aggregates strengthened with cement and sand

Sharma V., Kumar A., Kaur A.

Archives of Materials Science and Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 113, nr 1

19--34

EN

Purpose: Paper assessed the feasibility of crushed concrete aggregates (CCA), a subsidiary of construction and demolition (C&D) waste, blended with cement and sand to form a composite for civil engineering field applications. Design/methodology/approach: The compaction and strength characteristics of CCA were observed by conducting Proctor compaction and California Bearing Ratio (CBR) tests. Different proportions of CCA, sand and cement were used. Moreover, the effect of curing period (0, 4, 7, 14 and 28 days) was also studied. In addition, regression analyses were performed to develop empirical expressions to predict the compaction and strength characteristics of the CCA composite. Findings: Increasing the CCA content up to 50% increases the maximum dry unit weight (MDUW) and decreases the optimum moisture content (OMC). However, on further increasing its content the MDUW decreases and OMC increases. Percent increase in the CBR value can go up to 412% if the CCA content is increased up to 50%. However, the percent reduction in CBR of about 20% can take place if 100% CCA content is used. Moreover, multiple regression shows that the experimental results are in good agreement with the predicted values. Research limitations/implications: The results obtained are purely dependent on the type of material. However, they are in favour of the used material as a probable option for road sub-base layer, and also for reducing burden on available natural resources. Therefore, it is recommended to conduct some initial tests to confirm the feasibility of the material. Practical implications: The proposed study will guide the design Engineers to choose CCA as one of the potential materials for road construction. Originality/value: It was observed that there is a need to maximize the utilization of C&D waste without making any compromise with its mechanical properties. So keeping that in view, the present study was conducted.

6

Optimum transportation of relief materials aftermath the disaster

Nautiyal A., Kumar A., Poddar A., Parajuli N.

Journal of Achievements in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering

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2021

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Vol. 109, nr 1

26--41

EN

Purpose: Natural disasters disrupt not only the lives of individuals but also the functioning of society. Given the unpredictability of disasters and the uncertainty associated with them, preparation is the best way to mitigate and reduce the effects of the disaster. Design/methodology/approach: The study presents a mathematical model in the form of a multi-objective linear programming problem for the relief distribution from the airports which minimizes the total operational cost as well as travel time. Further, the solution approach and analytical results have also been discussed. Findings: The main aims at the preparedness stage are to identify and build infrastructures that might function as useful operation centres during a disaster. The study also provides decisions that include the type and number of vehicles for each affected location. Research limitations/implications: Airports can function as centres for relief collection and distribution. However, relief operations carried out through airports are often subject to problems such as stockpiling. Further, various modes are available for the transport of relief supplies- air, water, and land transport modes primarily. While aircraft and helicopters are faster, their costs of operation are too high. Instead, trucks are economical but very slow as compared to aircraft. Practical implications: The choice of model depends on many factors including the availability of vehicles, availability of routes, and criticality of situations. The choices made in turn affect the costs and the time of operations. Originality/value: The model converts a disaster scenario into a demand-supply problem with the aim being to decide allocations at specified intervals of time.

7

Micro-FTIR analysis to study the change in surface chemistry after addition of collectors and their effect on coal hydrophobicity

Wang W., Kumar A., Holuszko M. E., Mastalerz M.

Physicochemical Problems of Mineral Processing

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2018

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Vol. 54, iss. 4

1292--1302

EN

In this study, the micro-FTIR analysis was used to investigate in-situ surface properties of coal, and was directly correlated to coal hydrophobicity, as measured by the contact angle before and after the addition of collectors, to understand their suitability for flotation. Three different collectors, diesel, pine needle oil and dodecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide (DTAB) were tested. The micro-FTIR technique provided a semi-quantitative analysis of functional groups present on the coal surface exactly where the contact angle was measured and provided a visualization of collector adsorption on specific areas of coal and associated changes in coal surface properties. This analysis could lead to a smarter way of using process design in terms of reagent selection for coal flotation to obtain a product of desired petrographic composition, which would especially be useful for coking coals. This study presents a work in progress for developing a procedure for a quick pre-selection of collectors for coal flotation based on coal surface properties.

8

Supply chain management practices and operational performance of fair price shops in India : an empirical study

Kumar A., Kushwaha G. S.

LogForum

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2018

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Vol. 14, no. 1

85--99

EN

Background: In the current business environment, competition is no longer between the organisations but it is among the supply chains of the organisations. India's public distribution system is one of the biggest systems for food supply and distribution carried out through fair price shop (FPS). There is a wide gap concerning the empirical study on the fair price shops (FPS) and this is the rationale of the study. The paper aims to determine the relationship between different supply chain management practices and operational performance of the fair price shops in India. The authors propose the theoretical framework and empirically test the model. The study aims to expand the knowledge structure of supply chain management field. Methods: The paper opted for an exploratory cum descriptive study. The authors randomly selected 200 Fair price shops from a list available on the government website and identified the key persons from each shop as the respondent to get our questionnaire filled. The data were collected using structured questionnaire. Total 200 questionnaires were given to MBA students to collect the data from those fair price shops dealers who qualify the screening questions and situated in Bhopal Madhya Pradesh (India) in the month of March - April' 2017. Finally, 87 useful questionnaires were obtained, with a response rate of 43.5%, Authors employed the PLS-structural equation modelling (SEM) to test the theoretical model and hypothesis. Results: The study provides that three dimensions of SCM practices have a significant and positive relationship with the operational performance. The paper provides empirical insights about how change is brought about operational performance of the fair price shops. It suggests that supply chain management practices positively & significantly associated with the performance of fair price shops. Conclusion: This paper emphasizes the importance of supply chain management practices on the day to day operations of the fair price shops and provides an insight that these practices if employed properly they will give an added advantage. The study fulfils an identified need to study how supply chain management practices can impact the performance of fair price shops and the study directly measures the impact of supply chain management practices on operational performance of the fair price shops in India. The biggest limitation of this study is the size of the sample. Thus the research results may not be generalized. Therefore, researchers are encouraged to test the proposed framework at a broader level.

PL

Wstęp: W obecnie istniejącym środowisku biznesowym, należy mówić raczej o rywalizacji nie między poszczególnymi organizacjami a sieciami organizacji. Indyjski publiczny system dystrybucji jest jednym z największych systemów dostaw i dystrybucji żywności realizowany poprzez sieć sklepów tzw. fair price (FPS). Pomimo tego faktu stosunkowo mało jest badań naukowych dotyczących tego typu sieci. Celem pracy jest określenie zależności pomiędzy różnymi metodami zarządzania łańcuchem dostaw i działaniami operacyjnymi tego typu sklepów w Indiach. Autorzy zaproponowali model teoretyczny oraz test empiryczny. Celem pracy jest poszerzenie wiedzy strukturalnej na temat zarządzania łańcuchem dostaw. Metody: Została wybrana próba losowa 200 sklepów typu fair price z listy dostępnej na stronie rządowej. Następnie zidentyfikowano osobę kluczową z każdego sklepu, jako ankietera uczestniczącego w badaniu. Dane zostały zebrane poprzez specjalnie stworzony kwestionariusz. Wywiady zostały przeprowadzone przez studentów MBA z wybranymi uprzednio osobami. Były one zbierane w Bhopal Madhya Pradesh w okresie marzec-kwiecień 2017. W rezultacie otrzymano 87 kompletnych kwestionariuszy (współczynnik udziału 43,5%). Model SEM strukturalnego równania PLS został użyty do testowania modelu teoretycznego i hipotez. Wyniki: Badania wykazały, że trzy wymiary metod zarządzania łańcuchem dostaw mają istotną i pozytywną zależność z działalnością operacyjną. Pokazały empirycznie jak zmiany wpływają na działalność operacyjną sklepów fair price. Wskazują, ze metody zarządzania łańcuchem dostaw pozytywnie i istotnie związane są z działalnością sklepów typu fair price. Wnioski: Praca wskazuje na istotny wpływ metod zarządzania łańcuchem dostaw na bieżąca działalność sklepów typu fair price oraz dowodzi pozytywny wpływ tych praktyk prawidłowo wdrożonych na uzyskanie wartości dodanej. Przeprowadzone badania uzupełniają lukę w badaniach nad wpływem metod zarządzania łańcuchem dostaw na działalność sklepów typu fair price w Indiach. Największym ograniczeniem tego badania była próba, na podstawie której uzyskano wyniki. W związku z tym nie jest możliwe uogólnienie tych wyników. Badania tego typu należałoby kontynuować w szerszym zakresie.

9

Genetic Algorithm for Combined Speaker and Speech Recognition using Deep Neural Networks

Kaur G., Srivastava M., Kumar A.

Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology

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2018

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nr 2

23--31

EN

Huge growth is observed in the speech and speaker recognition ﬁeld due to many artiﬁcial intelligence algorithms being applied. Speech is used to convey messages via the language being spoken, emotions, gender and speaker identity. Many real applications in healthcare are based upon speech and speaker recognition, e.g. a voice-controlled wheelchair helps control the chair. In this paper, we use a genetic algorithm (GA) for combined speaker and speech recognition, relying on optimized Mel Frequency Cepstral Coeﬃcient (MFCC) speech features, and classiﬁcation is performed using a Deep Neural Network (DNN). In the ﬁrst phase, feature extraction using MFCC is executed. Then, feature optimization is performed using GA. In the second phase training is conducted using DNN. Evaluation and validation of the proposed work model is done by setting a real environment, and eﬃciency is calculated on the basis of such parameters as accuracy, precision rate, recall rate, sensitivity, and speciﬁcity. Also, this paper presents an evaluation of such feature extraction methods as linear predictive coding coefficient (LPCC), perceptual linear prediction (PLP), mel frequency cepstral coefﬁcients (MFCC) and relative spectra ﬁltering (RASTA), with all of them used for combined speaker and speech recognition systems. A comparison of diﬀerent methods based on existing techniques for both clean and noisy environments is made as well.

10

Parametric study of electrochemical discharge drilling on ceramic material using Taguchi method

Pawar P., Kumar A., Ballav R.

Journal of Mechanical and Energy Engineering

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2018

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Vol. 2, No 3

193--200

EN

The Electrochemical Discharge machining (ECDM) is a hybrid machining technology which is combined with electro discharge machining and electrochemical machining process. In this research, electrochemical discharge drilling operation is carried out on conventional ceramic tile by using a designed and manufactured ECDM setup. The experiments were performed as per design of experimental technique of Taguchi L27 orthogonal array using MINITAB 17 software. The important process parameters that have been selected are voltage, rotation and electrolyte concentration with output response as machining depth and diametric cut. From the observations, it is found that the voltage is the most significant parameter for the machining depth and diametric cut followed by electrolyte concentration and rotation.

11

Development and manufacturing of Arduino based electrochemical discharge machine

Pawar P., Kumar A., Ballav R.

Journal of Machine Engineering

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2018

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Vol. 18, No. 1

45--60

EN

The machining of non-conducting materials is very difficult due to its brittleness and hardness properties. The electrochemical discharge machining (ECDM) process is the hybrid non-traditional manufacturing technology because it is combined with two processes namely electro-chemical machining (ECM) and electro-discharge machining (EDM) which can cut non-conducting and conducting materials. Hence from this view, the present work is undertaken to understand the development and manufacturing of ECDM setup based on Arduino. The 2D drawings are drawn by using AutoCAD software and 3D model is developed with CATIA software. The ECDM machine setup is manufactured accurately according to the 2D drawings and 3D model. The gravity feed mechanism is applied to workpiece materials and the speed of cathode tool electrode is controlled by using Arduino programming through the computer. The preliminary experimental trials were carried out and micro-hole drills on the glass and ceramic materials are successfully achieved. The present article provides fundamental and detailed building study of ECDM setup which includes information from the starting sketch up to the real prototype model. This work may be useful to make advanced machining setup as well as may solve the basic difficulties of new researchers in this field.

12

Closure of municipal solid waste dumps. Site rating for odor impact

Kumar A., Datta M., Nema A. K., Singh R. K., Gurjar B. R.

Environment Protection Engineering

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2018

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Vol. 44, nr 2

37--56

EN

More than 60% of the waste dumps in India are within 500 m from the communities. The odor impact from these sites may be the sole criterion to prioritize these sites for closure/remediation. The existing rating systems do not consider odor impact in their assessment. A new system, proposed in the study, employs seven parameters derived from the literature review and selects their ratings based on data obtained from a survey of waste dumps in Indian cities having population more than one million and expert judgment. Application of the new system to the waste sites with continuously varying characteristics shows that the scores are spread over the full range of 0–1000 and have minimum clustering. The sensitivity analysis of the new system shows that the system exhibits medium to high sensitivity to five out of seven parameters employed in the system. The odor impact ratings for the fifteen waste dumps from the new system prioritize these dumps into three categories for remedial action and help suggesting a particular cover alternative for these dumps.

13

Detection of Malicious Executables Using Rule Based Classification Algorithms

Bhargava N., Jain A., Kumar A., Le D.-N.

Annals of Computer Science and Information Systems

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2018

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Vol. 14

35--38

EN

Machine Learning class rule has varied packages together with classification, clustering, will understand association rules furthermore and is capable of the method an enormous set of the information set as measure supervised or unsupervised learning data. The paper deals with statistics mining sort set of rules on virus dataset created records from varied anti-virus logs. The work deals with classifications of malicious code per their impact on user's system \& distinguishes threats on the muse in their connected severity; these threads are therefore named as malicious possible from varied sources, on various running structures. During this paper, the generated output is that the listing of records summarizing however because it ought to be the classifier algorithms are ready to predict the authentic magnificence of the days at a lower place the chosen take a look at module. The operating model deals with predicting the outliers of the threat datasets and predicts the optimum results supported analysis victimization the chosen rule. The work illustrates implementation of the algorithms corresponding to half, JRIP and RIDOR in additional economical manner because it relies on virus-log datasets to come up with A level of accuracy to the classification results.

14

Clustered Comparative Analysis of Security Sensor Discrimination Data

Bhargava N., Jain A., Kumar A., Rath P. S., Bansal A.

Annals of Computer Science and Information Systems

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2018

|

Vol. 14

29--33

EN

Security alarm is used to protect from burglary (theft), property damage and from intruders. These security alarms consists sensors and alerting device to indicate the intrusion. Clustering is data mining technique which is used to analyzing the data. In this paper we discus about different clustering algorithm like DBSCAN, Farthest first. These algorithms are used to evaluate the different number of clusters with the sensor discrimination data base. In any organization Sensor security has many types of security alarm. It may be glass breaking alarm, smoke heat and carbon monoxide alarm, and it may be false alarm. Our aim is to compare the different algorithms with the sensors data to find density clusters i.e. which type of data will provide dense cluster of useful alarm condition. This evaluation will also detect the outliers within data such as empty alarms.

15

An Approach towards economical hierarchic Search over Encrypted Cloud

Sasubilli S., Perichiappan K. A., Kumar P. S., Kumar A.

Annals of Computer Science and Information Systems

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2018

|

Vol. 14

125--129

EN

In display, Cloud registering is the prevailing area in data innovation. With expanded value of information outsourcing of cloud information protection of delicate information turns into a major issue. For the security reason information is encoded before outsourcing. Yet, scrambled information is exceptionally hard to be recovered proficiently. Albeit some conventional scan plans are accessible for looking encoded information, yet these methods are just base on Boolean pursuit and not manage the importance of records. These methodologies experience the ill effects of two principle inadequacies. Right off the bat, on the off chance that one client has no pre-learning of scrambled information, needs to process each recovered record to discover after effects of his utilization. Also, every time recovering every one of the records containing question watchword builds arrange movement. This work is devoted to build up a process for security and compelling recovery of cloud information. Positioned seek enormously enhances the execution by restoring the documents in positioned arrange in light of some closeness importance criteria. To accomplish more viable execution, framework shows an approach for SSE which uses data recovery and cryptography primitives. Thus the execution depends OPSE.

16

Soil gas survey in and around Shanchiao fault of northern Taiwan for establishing continuous monitoring station

Kumar A., Walia V., Sung Y.-S., Lin S.-J., Fu C.-C., Wen K.-L.

Acta Geophysica

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2018

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Vol. 66, no. 5

1213--1221

EN

The present study deals with the soil gas geochemical surveys in and around Shanchiao fault to pick the sites for integrated radon monitoring using SSNTDs to better understand the response of tectonic activity of the fault systems. Throughout these surveys, gathered samples of soil gas has been analysed for radon and carrier gases namely CO2, He, N2, O2, CH4 and Ar. The RAD 7 instrument has been utilized for radon analysis and gas chromatograph instrument for analysing the carrier gases. The predominance of gas spread has been explored based on the results of these surveys and three sites have been chosen for integrated observation with regard to seismotectonic activity to examine the affectability of the sites utilizing SSNTDs. From these sites, a site will be chosen for future long duration continuous observance on the premise of its affectability towards the seismotectonic activity inside the territory.

17

Near-surface study of a hot spring site in Fiji

Lal A., Deo R. N., Kumar A.

Acta Geophysica

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2018

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Vol. 66, no. 4

659--672

EN

A geophysical investigation of a hot spring system located in Rabulu, Fiji, was carried out from October 2014 to March 2015. The investigation covered a survey area of 6075 m2. Self-potential (SP), ground temperature and soil carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations were measured and investigated for their distribution characteristics and inter-linkages. Results indicated obvious anomalous zone at the hot spring discharge site. The SP profile analysis highlighted thermal water upwelling zones and elevation-driven subsurface groundwater pathways. Measurement of subsurface temperatures up to 1 m depths revealed increasing temperatures, indicating potentially high thermal gradients in the area. Surface soil CO2 distributions also agreed with SP and ground temperature results. The overall result of the study demonstrated that synchronised measurements of SP, ground temperature and soil CO2 can be instrumental in identifying anomalous zones near the hot spring sites. Other parameters such as spring water temperature, discharge rate and energy flux estimates from the spring were calculated and analysed. The high-dense multi-parameter data coverage allowed interpretation of geothermal features at a scale never conducted in Fiji before. The near-surface investigations reported in this study corroborate previously suggested steady geothermal activity in the region, deserving further detailed investigation.

18

Characterization of some selected mud volcanoes of southern Taiwan

Kumar A., Yang T.-H., Walia V., Sung Y.-C., Lee H.-F., Lin S.-J., Wen K.-L.

Acta Geophysica

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2018

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Vol. 66, no. 5

1257--1265

EN

In the present study, some mud volcanoes in Pingtung and Kaohsiung areas were selected. The selected mud volcanoes are located above the mud diaper system in southern Taiwan. Three different sampling techniques were used to collect samples in and around the said mud volcanoes. The results show that river water samples from different places fall on the meteoric line. Mud samples are found to be heavier in oxygen isotope while hydrogen isotope remains the same. Soil gas samples were also collected at the depth of 1 m and dissolved gases from the mud volcanic site (or nearby) were collected for gas chromatography analyses. Soil gas samples and dissolved gas from mud pool and groundwater were analyzed for radon concentration using RAD7 (solid-state nuclear track detector) bi-weekly. Long-term investigation will be needed to understand the relationship of mud volcanoes the eruption cycle with gas composition variations. It will also help to understand their relationship with tectonic activities in the region.

19

Assessment of radionuclide concentration and exhalation studies in soil of lesser Himalayas of Jammu and Kashmir, India

Kumar A., Vij R., Sharma S., Sarin A., Narang S.

Acta Geophysica

|

2018

|

Vol. 66, no. 5

1195--1202

EN

Because to extensive utilization of soil as a building/construction stuff, the activities of 238U, 40K, 232Th, and exhalation studies in solid samples have been measured using thallium activated sodium iodide (NaI(Tl)) gamma detector and scintillation-based smart RnDuo monitor. The measured activity concentration of radionuclides lies in the range of 2.76–38.96, 12.47–65.70, and 199–450 Bq/kg for uranium (CU), thorium (CTh), and potassium (CK), respectively. The annual effective dose rate due to radionuclides is within the secure limit suggested by ICRP. The radium equivalent activity of all the samples is under 100 Bq/kg. The maximum outward and inside risk indices of all these samples are below the values of 0.37 and 0.43. No direct correlation has been seen between 238U and its mass exhalation rate as well as 232Th and its surface exhalation rate in soil samples.

20

A study of indoor radon, thoron and their exhalation rates in the environment of Fazilka district, Punjab, India

Narang S., Kumar D., Sharma D. K., Kumar A.

Acta Geophysica

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2018

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Vol. 66, no. 5

1233--1241

EN

Over the last few decades, the study of radioactive radon gas has gained huge momentum due to its possible role in health related hazards. In the present work, pin-hole twin chamber single entrance dosimeters have been used for track measurements of radon and thoron. The annual average radon concentration varies from 50.3 to 204 Bq/m3 at all locations. Almost all the values are below the safe range provided by ICRP. Radon concentration is found to be higher in winter as compared to other seasons. Variation of radon with quality of dwellings is also discussed. The values of annual effective dose due to radon and thoron are also well within the range provided by ICRP and WHO. Radon and thoron exhalation rates are measured using SMART RnDuo monitor. The radon mass exhalation rates ranged from 11 to 71 mBq/kg/h while the thoron surface values ranged from 36 to 2048 Bq/m2/h. All the values are on the lower side. A weak correlation is found between radon and thoron concentrations and their exhalation rates. When compared with the values of other parts of northern India, the values of present investigation are on higher side.