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Stop 17. Leszna Górna quarry – carbonate flysch (lowermost Cretaceous, Berriasian)

Krobicki Michał, Starzec Krzysztof, Waśkowska Anna

Geotourism / Geoturystyka

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2023

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nr 3-4 (74-75)

56--61

2

Reddish multiphase infillings in the megalodontid bivalves and solution voids in Julian Alps – NW Slovenia

Slapnik Lucija, Rožič Boštjan, Gale Luka, Rožič Petra Žvab, Waśkowska Anna

Geotourism / Geoturystyka

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2023

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nr 1-2 (72-73)

64--64

EN

At a nature-preserve protected site in the Julian Alps (NW Slovenia), in the Pod Peski valley, red fillings of megalodontid bivalves occur within the Upper Triassic Dachstein limestone. Based on optical and cathodoluminescent microscopy and X-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis, four generations of shell fillings were recognized, some of which contain both cement and sediment subgenerations. Logging and sampling of the limestone sequence a few meters below and above the “main” layer containing the megalodontids mentioned above revealed that the limestone is characterized by solution voids similar to the megalodontids. Namely, these voids are also filled with reddish multigeneration sediment with alternating calcite cement. Adjacent neptunian dykes were studied to clarify their influence on the last generation fillings. Two of them, located directly on the “main” layer with red-filled megalodontids, contain planktonic foraminifera, indicating Middle Jurassic or younger age. The next two neptunian dykes are located directly above the “main” layer, and one contains clasts with calpionellids characteristic of the Late Jurassic/Early Cretaceous. The last dyke explored is located a few tens of meters from the “main” layer and is several hundred meters long. In a few sample from this dyke Early Cretaceous planktonic foraminifera were identified. Microscopic analysis revealed that the reddish sedimentary fillings are part of a complex palaeokarst system that produced the first three generations of fillings, and in the last (fourth) generation we noted similarities between the megalodontid fillings and neptunian dykes on the “main” bedding plane. In addition, a Santonian–Maastrichtian sedimentary fill with globotruncanid foraminifers were discovered in the upper part of the succession in one of the solution voids.

3

Red algae grains from the Żurawnica Sandstone Member in the Sucha Beskidzka area (Magura Nappe, Polish Outer Carpathians) as the indicator of shallow water palaeoenvironment on the intrabasinal Tethyan ridge

Koczur Maria, Waśkowska Anna, Bassi Davide

Geotourism / Geoturystyka

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2023

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nr 1-2 (72-73)

35--35

EN

The Żurawnica Sandstone Member was deposited in the Paleocene on the northern slope of the Magura Basin in the western part of the Tethys. It is built of clastic material transported by gravitational currents from shallow parts of the Foremagura Ridge (Cieszkowski et al., 1999), which was an uplifted intrabasinal structure. At the top of the Żurawnica Hill (Beskid Makowski, location known as Kozie Skały) a well-exposed section crops out. It is a part of flysch succession of the Magura Nappe (Cieszkowski et al., 2006). In the lower part of the section thick-bedded sandstone with red algal grains occurs. Algal remnants were redeposited from the photic zone of the carbonate platform, which developed on the Foremagura Ridge. Their structure-taxonomic differentiation allows to reconstruct algal palaeoenvironment. The red algae are represented by Sporolithaceae, Melobesioideae, and Mastophoroideae genera. They correspond to three algal facies: debris, algal pavement facies, and Melobesioideae rhodolith pavement facies. Sand-sized red algal grains are the most numerous. They are fragmented and well rounded crustaceous algal thalli, typically with no traces of bioerosion. They represent algal debris facies, which was developed in high energy environment (Nebelsick et al., 2005). Red algae grains could be fragmented and rounded during turbidity transport, but considering the different degree of abrasion, especially in gravel fraction, it should be assumed that the rounding took place before the turbidity transportation. Two types of gravel grains are present: not rounded algal limestone clasts and rhodoliths. The non-rhodolith grains are built of encrusting (layered and foliose), warty, and lumpy algal crusts. Rhodoliths can be divided into two types: irregular and regular ones. Irregular rhodoliths are up to 3 cm in diameter. They contain large nuclei constituting grain skeleton. Both non-rhodolith grains and irregular rhodolits are polygeneric and contain numerous benthic organisms (bryozoans, encrusting foraminifera, and bivalves) between algal lamella, as well as constructional voids. They are bioeroded. They are elements of algal pavement facies for which the occurrence of the algal buildups with irregular rhodoliths in areas, where the energy of the environment is a bit higher is typical (Nebelsick et al., 2005, 2013; Bassi et al., 2017). The regular rhodoliths, up to 0.5 cm in size, contain small carboniferous nuclei. Typically, they are unigeneric (Sporolithaceae, Melobesioideae) and not contain other benthic organisms. Lack of constructional voids was observed in thick algal encrustation. Only encrusting growth form was observed. Regular rhodoliths are typically developed as a main part of Melobesioideae rhodoliths pavement facies, which is rather “deep” water facies of high energy environments (Adey, 1986; Bassi et al., 2017).

4

Factors controlling a depositional architecture in synorogenic Outer Carpathian basins – an example of Oligocene-age successions from the Fore-Magura Unit, Poland

Siwek Piotr, Waśkowska Anna, Wendorff Marek

Geotourism / Geoturystyka

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2023

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nr 1-2 (72-73)

62--63

EN

A Fore-Magura Unit is strongly tectonically-engaged tectonic unit of the Polish Outer Carpathians, sandwiched between Magura and Silesian nappes. Due to poor and sparse exposure of the Fore-Magura Unit, which is covered by the Magura Nappe, there has been no comprehensive interpretation of depositional systems of the Fore-Magura Basin (Eocene–Oligocene), a part of the Paratethys realm. Therefore, in order to broaden our knowledge about depositional conditions in this part of the Outer Carpathian basins, two turbidite sequences (Szczawa and Klęczany) were subjected to detailed lithofacies and sedimentological analysis. The 100 m thick Szczawa section is predominantly composed of thin and medium thick turbidite sandstones associated with co-genetic turbidite mudstones, which thickness greatly exceeds that of underlying sandstone. The latter ones show another peculiar features, like opposite palaeocurrent directions between base and top of a bed, mud-rich banded and heterolithic structures, and combined-flow bedforms, including small-scale hummocky-type structures. All those sedimentary features reflect deposition from mud-rich low-density turbidity currents enclosed within small confined basin, which prevent each flow from further down-current propagation, and eventually resulted in trapping (ponding) of the whole flow within confinement, a process associated with flow reflections and internal Kelvin-Helmholtz waves propagation (Siwek et al., 2023). This mini-basin can be situated on the southern flank of the Fore-Magura Basin, i.e., on the slope of the Fore-Magura Ridge (Siwek et al., 2023). The 170 m thick succession at Klęczany is composed of thick-bedded amalgamated sandstones, grading into sandstone-mudstone turbidite sequences. The former reflect deposition from high-density turbidity currents and hybrid flows, and are stacked into a few to over ten metres thick tabular lobes, and can be interpreted as lobe axis or distributary channel deposits. These lobes are often topped by socalled ‘bypass’ facies indicating the moment a lobe attained a critical thickness which prevented the accommodation of new deposit, thus heralding a feeder channel avulsion. The recurring process of lobe building and feeder channel avulsion resulted in compensational stacking of subsequent lobes (Piazza & Tinterri, 2020). The upper part of the Klęczany section reflects deposition from low-density turbidity currents and aggradation of turbidite beds into upward-thickening sequences resulting from lateral compensation and/ or forward progradation of subsequent lobes. Considered as a whole, the Klęczany succession is fining upward, and shows decrease of sand net-to-gross, accompanied by increase of more distal facies. Therefore, that depositional system can be situated within single submarine base-of-slope fan featured by retrogradational stacking pattern. Ponded turbidite beds, together with their whole inventory of sedimentary structures, are an evidence of the crucial influence of structural confinement on unrestricted flow propagation on the seafloor. The presence of structural confinement on the basin slope may have been associated with regional compression and tectonic activity of the Outer Carpathian basins. In the case of the Klęczany section, shortterm autocyclicity is manifested in compensational lobe stacking pattern and cyclic feeder channel avulsions. A longterm variability, probably covering the whole Fore-Magura realm, can be identified with one sequence stratigraphy cycle – from forced regression resulting from sea-level falling stage to sea-level lowstand, reflected in the transition from amalgamated massive sandstones to sandstone-mudstone turbidite sequences (Catuneanu, 2006). Alternatively, the uplift-denudation cycle due to tectonic activation of source area (Mutti et al., 2003) can be considered as an explanation of retrogradational stacking pattern of the Klęczany Fan, with eustatic sea-level fall involved (Pszonka et al., 2023). To conclude, the regional and local changes of depositional conditions in deep-water basins can be related to tectonics, as well as to eustatic short- or long-term sea-level changes, or combination of both, and can give the readable rock record in sedimentary successions accumulated especially in synorogenic marginal basins (Pszonka et al., 2023). These include foreland-type Outer Carpathians basins during Oligocene times, which were located in the Central Paratethys isolated from the Tethys Ocean during Eocene-Oligocene geotectonic reconstruction of the Circum-Carpathian realm.

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The Upper Cretaceous variegated shales in the Ropianka Formation of the Magura Nappe (Outer Carpathians) : age and lithostratigraphic position

Waśkowska Anna, Szczęch Mateusz

Geological Quarterly

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2023

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Vol. 67, No. 2

art. no. 18

EN

The lithological characteristics and age analysis of the variegated Farony Shale are presented for the first time. The Farony Shale occurs in the Lubomierz and Rabka areas in the Bystrica Subunit. It is located within medium- and thin-bedded sandy dominated turbidites of the Campanian–Paleocene Ropianka Formation. It is comprised of red shales laminated or interlayered with strongly bioturbated green shales. Exposures of the Farony Shale are observed along a distance of ~25 km, in the form of a narrow belt. The age of the variegated deposits is estimated based on agglutinated foraminifera to late Campanian–earliest Maastrichtian. Their deposition was associated with low-energy conditions and a temporary limitation of the supply of sandy material to the inner part of the Magura Basin.

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New biostratigraphic data on the Ropianka Formation in the Przemyśl area (Skole Nappe, Polish Outer Carpathians) : a clue to understanding the timing of exotic material redeposition

Woyda Jan, Waśkowska Anna, Remin Zbyszek

Geological Quarterly

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2023

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Vol. 67, No. 4

art. no. 45

EN

The geology of the Carpathian orogen in the Przemyśl area shows a diverse array of rock ages and tectonics. However, due to complicated tectonic settings and limited exposures, establishing the precise ages of selected sections and their structural arrangement is challenging. A particularly contentious aspect is the uncertain age of the exotic-bearing layers in the region, with previous age dates ranging from Neocomian to Miocene, leading to significant age discrepancies even for the same sections. Therefore, the need for well-defined age determinations is crucial. To address this issue we established precise biostratigraphic constraints on selected sections in the northern part of the Skole Nappe, specifically within the Ropianka Formation developed as marly and silty deposits with carbonate sandstones and exotic material including large olistoliths. Planktonic and calcareous benthic foraminifera from the exposures studied indicated the lower upper Maastrichtian, embracing the interval of the Racemiguembelina fructicosa and lower part of the Abathomphalus mayaroensis zones. Additionally, re-evaluation of the data of Bukowy and Geroch (1956) from the Iwanowa Hill section indicated its late Maastrichtian age, not the early Maastrichtian as previously inferred. Based on this new biostratigraphic data, the deposits of the Zielonka section are here reclassified to belong to the Leszczyny Member, and not the Paleocene Wola Korzeniecka Member as proposed by Gucik (Geroch et al., 1988). The sections studied seem to mark the lower age-limit of the redeposition of exotic material cropping out in the marginal part of the Gruszowa-Prałkowce Thrust Sheet.

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Neoproterozoic ophiolite exotic blocks in the Outer Western Carpathians, southern Poland : a record of the fast ocean-floor cooling and alterations

Gawęda Aleksandra, Szopa Krzysztof, Waśkowska Anna, Golonka Jan, Krzykawski Tomasz, Kalinichenko Tatiana

Geological Quarterly

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2023

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Vol. 67, No. 1

art. no. 9

EN

Ophiolitic blocks, represented by metagabbro and serpentinite containing relict pyroxene, olivine, baddeleyite, zirconolite, Ni-pyrite and pyrrhotite, were found as exotic blocks in an olistostrome in the Magura Nappe, Outer Western Carpathians. The geochemical and isotopic features of the blocks suggest they represent mantle-derived rocks, with within-plate geochemistry signatures, modified by subduction, with lithospheric mantle input. A U-Pb apatite cooling age (614 ±3 Ma) is within age uncertainty of a published U-Pb zircon magmatic crystallization age (~614 Ma) implying rapid post-crystallization cooling. Pervasive alteration with replacement of primary minerals by low-temperature assemblages is observed in all rock fragments and is interpreted as contemporaneous with shearing. The secondary mineral assemblages and temperature modelling allow the interpretation that the pervasive ocean-floor metamorphism is the alteration in these meta-mafic rocks. These ophiolitic fragments can be linked to the Neoproterozoic break up of Rodinia/Pannotia.

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Stratigraphy and geological structure of the Magura Nappe in the south-western part of the Gorce Mountains, Outer Carpathians, Poland

Szczęch Mateusz, Waśkowska Anna

Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae

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2023

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Vol. 93, No. 2

103--136

EN

The south-western part of the Gorce Mts (Outer Carpathians) is composed of flysch deposits of the Krynica and Bystrica subunits of the Magura Nappe. The Krynica Subunit includes the Late Cretaceous–Paleocene Ropianka Fm, the Early Eocene Beloveža Fm, the Early Eocene–Oligocene Magura Fm and the Oligocene–Early Miocene Malcov Fm, while the Bystrica Subunit includes the Middle Eocene–?Oligocene Magura Fm, represented mainly by the thick-bedded Magura Sandstone. Thin- and medium-bedded sandstone-shale turbidites predominate in the other formations. The lithostratigraphic units are dated on the basis of foraminifers. The studied deposits accumulated in the southern part of the Magura Basin. Their detrital material was derived from a ridge, bounding the basin in the south. In the study area, the Krynica Subunit overthrusts the Bystrica Subunit. The studied deposits are folded, thrust and cut by numerous faults. The Turbacz Thrust Sheet and the newly identified Kudłoń Thrust Sheet were distinguished in the Krynica Subunit. Faults of different lengths and throws are transverse or oblique. Some of them form complex dislocation zones with lengths of up to several km. In general, the high-resolution digital elevation model DEM contributed significantly to progress in the geological and geomorphological research.

9

Sto lat Polskiego Towarzystwa Geologicznego (1921– 2021)

Sikora Rafał, Waśkowska Anna, Kowalczewska Oliwia, Krzywiec Piotr, Ploch Izabela

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2022

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Vol. 70, nr 4

247--266

EN

The Polish Geological Society (PGS) was established on April 24, 1921. The seat of the PGS Board is in Kraków, as the Jagiellonian University in Kraków was the most active centre of geological sciences before Poland regained independence in 1918. Forover100years, the main forms of the Society's activity have been annual conferences in various parts of Poland and the publication of the journal Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae. There are three main periods in the history of the Society. During the first period, covering the years 1921-1939, the activities of PGS focused on the integration of the geological community and the development of regional branches (Warszawa, Lwów, Borysław and Wilno). During this period, the tradition of annual scientific meetings of PGS in various parts of Poland was established. Additionally, PGS members were instrumental in establishing the Carpatho-Balkan Geological Association and the INQUA. The development of PGS was abruptly stopped in September 1939 by World War II, during which several dozens of Society's members lost their lives. The third period covers the post-war period. The most intense development of the society took place in the 1960s and 1970s, when membership reached almost 1,500 active members, and the attendance at the annual meetings was in the order of hundreds of participants, often including foreign guests. During this period, many regional branches and specialist sections were established. The society's activity was high also during the crisis years of the1980s. After the political changes in 1989-1990, PGS significantly developed international contacts. In the1990s, representatives of the Society were invited to AEGS, EFG and AAPG, which resulted in the organization of numerous international conferences. One of the most important initiatives of the 21st century was the organization of the Polish Geological Congresses in 2008, 2012 and 2016. The most important element of the Society's activities is still the very popular annual PGS Scientific Meetings together with the accompanying field trips and seminars.

10

Sto lat międzynarodowej współpracy Polskiego Towarzystwa Geologicznego

Ślączka Andrzej, Sikora Rafał, Waśkowska Anna

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2022

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Vol. 70, nr 4

282--291

EN

In the 100-year history of the Polish Geological Society (PGS), international activity has been very important element of its activity. Shortly after the formation of PGS in 1921, CBGA (1922) and INQUA (1928) were formed as a result of the activities of PGS members. In the post-WWII period, international cooperation was undertaken by both the Main Board of PGS, as well as regional branches and specialist sections. During this period, foreign activity was limited mainly to the countries of the Eastern Block (Czechoslovakia, East Germany, Hungary, Yugoslavia) and Austria. Nevertheless, the Ore Deposit Genesis Section and Palaeontological Section joined international organizations (IAGOD and IPA). The revival of international contacts took place in the 1990s. Cooperation was established with societies from the Baltic Countries, Albania and Bulgaria. The Polish Geological Society has become a member of AEGS and EFG and is affiliated with the AAPG. In the first two decades of the 21st century, PGS organized several international conferences: 12th MAEGS (2001), Pan-European Correlation of the epicontinental Triassic 4th Meeting (2007), GEO-Pomerania (2007), ICHNIA (2008), SEDIMENT (2009), 31st IAS Meeting of Sedimentology (2015) and 16th CETEG Meeting (2018). An important element of international cooperation has always been the participation of geologists from neighbouring countriesin the annual scientific meetings of PTGeol and symposia of specialist sections taking place in border areas. In this respect, the best cooperation in several decades was with colleagues from the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Germany, and after 2000 also from Ukraine. PGS grants the status of an honorary member of the Society to distinguished persons from abroad. Even before World War II, Maurice Lugeon became the first honorary member of PGS in history. In 100-year history ofPGS, 47persons from Poland and abroad received it, also members of PGS received status of an honorary member from other Geological Societies.

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Dzieje Oddziału Krakowskiego Polskiego Towarzystwa Geologicznego

Waśkowska Anna, Sikora Rafał, Starzec Krzysztof, Ślączka Andrzej

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2022

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Vol. 70, nr 4

292--299

EN

The Kraków Branch of the Polish Geological Society (PGS) was established in 1922 and is the oldest and largest regional branch of the PGS. Initially, it was managed directly by the PGS Main Board, and from 1963, it has its own board. From the beginning, it has been one of the most active centres of the PGS and supported the work of the PGS management board in organizational activities in the country and in foreign cooperation. During World War II, its members gave secret lectures, and in the post-war period, they took part in reactivating the PGS activities and establishing both other branches and most of the specialist sections of PGS. The branch organized about 30% of all annual PGS Scientific Meetings and several dozen other scientific symposia and popular scientific sessions. It was the centre to initiate the organization of Polish Geological Congresses in the 21st century. The Kraków Branch includes representatives of all scientific institutes from Kraków and beyond, dealing with Earth sciences.

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Silesian Ridge in the light of petrological analyses and LA-ICP MS U-Pb analyses of the cohesive debrites from the Istebna Formation (Silesian Nappe, Outer Western Carpathians, Poland)

Szczuka Monika, Gawęda Aleksandra, Waśkowska Anna, Golonka Jan, Szopa Krzysztof, Chew David, Drakou Foteini

Geological Quarterly

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2022

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Vol. 66, No. 2

art. no. 20

EN

Exotic clasts present in flysch deposits of the Western Outer Carpathians enable investigation and reconstruction of the eroded crystalline basement of the Silesian Ridge. The flysch rocks of the Istebna Formation (Jasnowice Member: Paleocene) in the Silesian Nappe contain magmatic and metamorphic clasts derived from the Silesian Ridge basement. The crystalline rock fragments acquired from cohesive debrites were analyzed petrographically and geochemically, and zircon and rutile crystals were subject to LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating. Granitoid clasts yielded Meso-Variscan U-Pb zircon ages (325.7 and 330.6 Ma), with older (Neoproterozoic to Paleoproterozoic) inherited cores and eNd330 = –12.0 (TDM age of 1.98 Ga). The orthogneiss clast yielded a protolith age of 1635 Ma and fingerprint of thermal reworking at ~288 Ma. Zircon crystals from the detrital clasts yielded similar U-Pb zircon ages to the granitoid clasts (311.5 to 391 and 331 Ma). The rutile crystals from sandstone yielded concordia age of 344.7 Ma. Zircon crystals from paragneiss, interpreted as a granitoid envelope, yielded 238U/206Pb ages between 557 and 686 Ma and include an inherited core of age ~1207.4 ±33.8 Ma. Age data from exotic clasts and the detrital zircon and rutile fraction suggest the core part of the Silesian Ridge was a Neoproterozoic to Mesoproterozoic envelope intruded by Meso-Variscan granitoid plutons.

13

Materia organiczna rozproszona w ciemnych turbidytach górnego eocenu płaszczowiny śląskiej (Karpaty zewnętrzne, Polska)

Waliczek Marta, Waśkowska Anna, Machowski Grzegorz

Przegląd Geologiczny

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2021

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Vol. 69, nr 7

458--462

EN

In this study, weapply microscopic analysis to evaluate thematurity of organic matter and characterise the macerals dispersed in the Upper Eocene shale samples from the Hieroglyphic Formation (Silesian Nappe, Outer Carpathians). The mean vitrinite reflectance values indicate the presence of organic matter immature to hydrocarbon generation (Ro≈0.43%).The main organic component dispersed in analysed samples is vitrinite, characteristic of kerogen type III.

14

Campanian-Paleocene Jaworzynka Formation in its type area (Magura Nappe, Outer Carpathians)

Waśkowska Anna, Golonka Jan, Starzec Krzysztof, Cieszkowski Marek

Acta Geologica Polonica

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2021

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Vol. 71, no. 3

345--370

EN

The Campanian-Paleocene Jaworzynka Formation, a part of the Magura Nappe succession in the Polish Outer Carpathians, is described in terms of its detailed litho- and biostratigraphy. The formation stretches along the marginal part of the Siary Unit, from the Jaworzynka stratotype area in the Silesian Beskid Mts up to the Mszana Dolna area in the Beskid Wyspowy Mts. Its equivalent in the Moravskoslezské Beskydy Mts of the Czech Republic is the Soláň Formation. In the stratotype area, the formation displays complex structure. We distinguish four lithological units, i.e., Biotite Sandstone and Shale (I), Shale (II), Mutne Sandstone Member (III) and Thin-bedded Turbidite (IV) and provide the first detailed biostratigraphy of particular units. The first unit forms the most prominent part of the formation. It was deposited in the Middle Campanian-earliest Maastrichtian within the upper part of Caudammina gigantea Zone up to the lower part of the Rzehakina inclusa Zone. The second unit occurs only locally and its age is limited to the Maastrichtian, to the Rzehakina inclusa Zone. The third unit is composed of thick-bedded sandstones that in some parts may form more than the half of the total thickness of the formation. It is Late Maastrichtian-Danian in age and is placed in the upper part of the Rzehakina inclusa Zone and the lower part of the Rzehakina fissistomata Zone. It is usually covered by a thin package of thin-bedded turbiditic sandstone and shales of Danian-Thanetian age with foraminifera of the Rzehakina fissistomata Zone.

15

An Entzia-dominated marsh-type agglutinated foraminiferal assemblage from a salt marsh in Tubli Bay, Bahrain

Kaminski Michael A., Amao Abduljamiu O., Garrison Thomas F., Fiorini Flavia, Magliveras Simeon, Tawabini Bassam S., Waśkowska Anna

Geology, Geophysics and Environment

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2020

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Vol. 46, no. 3

189--204

EN

A salt-marsh assemblage of agglutinated foraminifera was recovered from a salt marsh on the east side of Tubli Bay in eastern Bahrain. This locality is one of the last remaining patches of salt marsh on the east coast of Tubli Bay. The salt marsh is covered by a single marsh plant species, Arthrocnemum macrostachyum. Samples were collected from beneath the Arthrocnemum canopy in two transects beginning at the maximum landward extent of halophytic plants in the high marsh and extending to a tidal channel at the seaward side of the low marsh. A distinct elevation-related zonation in foraminifera is observed from the high marsh to the low marsh. The trochamminids Entzia macrescens and Trochammina inflata are characteristic of the high marsh, whereas Ammonia, Elphidium, Peneroplis and smaller miliolids become common in the middle part of the marsh transect. The tidal channel at the lower limit of the marsh contains an assemblage dominated by Ammonia, Elphidium, adult specimens of Peneroplis, and smaller miliolids, with Clavulina and Agglutinella as the only agglutinated taxa. Living specimens of Entzia and Trochammina were observed during the winter 2019–2020 sampling season, whereas samples collected in Autumn 2019 contained only dead specimens. One new species, ?Sigmoilina canisdementis sp. nov., is described herein. This is the first report of a live Entzia-dominated salt marsh assemblage in the Arabian Gulf region.

16

Rocky forms in the Yamna Sandstone (Skyba Nappe, Outer Carpathians, Ukraine)

Waśkowska Anna, Hnylko Svitlana, Bakayeva Sofia, Golonka Jan, Słomka Tadeusz, Heneralova Larysa

Geotourism / Geoturystyka

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2019

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nr 1-2 (56-57)

43--60

EN

Interesting objects – the rocky forms and waterfall thresholds, built of Yamna Sandstone occur in the vicinity of Skole town. Beside the esthetic positive aspects related the morphological variety of the rocky forms and occurrence of the diversified weathering structures, the objects have a substantial cognitive value encompassing the lithology and sedimentological processes of the thick-bedded turbidites. The sandstone rocky forms usually occur in the groups distributed on slopes and forming so-called rocky towns. Their number and distribution allow observation of the changing structural and textural features both lateral and vertical within the 100-m thick composed profiles. The excellent degree of rocks outcropping, variety of structural and textural features and spectrum of possible observations indicates the high geotouristic potential of the investigated objects.

PL

W okolicy miasta Skole, w obrębie wychodni piaskowca jamneńskiego występują interesujące obiekty geoturystyczne, do których należą piaskowcowe formy skałkowe i progi wodospadowe. Oprócz wysokich walorów estetycznych, związanych z urozmaiceniem morfologicznym terenu i różnorodnością poszczególnych skałek oraz struktur wietrzeniowych, obiekty te mają istotną wartość poznawczą w zakresie wykształcenia litologicznego oraz procesów sedymentacyjnych gruboławicowych turbidytów. Skałki piaskowcowe zwykle występują w grupach rozmieszczonych na stokach, tworząc miasta skalne. Taka liczebność oraz położenie daje możliwości obserwacji zmienności cech tekstualnych i strukturalnych, zarówno lateralnie, jak i wertykalnie, w obrębie ponad stumetrowych złożonych profili. Znakomity stopień odsłonięcia oraz różnorodność form strukturalnych i tekstualnych oraz spektrum możliwych obserwacji wskazuje na wysoki potencjał geoturystyczny.

17

The Late Cretaceous Fucoid Marl of the Ropianka Formation in the Kąkolówka Structure (Skole Nappe, Outer Carpathians, Poland) : lithology and foraminiferal biostratigraphy

Waśkowska Anna, Joniec Andrzej, Kotlarczyk Janusz, Siwek Piotr

Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae

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2019

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Vol. 89, No. 3

259--284

EN

A 250-m-thick sedimentary succession dominated by siliciclastic deposits occurs in the Kąkolówka Structure of the Skole Nappe. The succession was deposited in the inner part of the Skole Basin during the Late Cretaceous. In position and age, it corresponds to the Kropivnik Fucoid Marl of the Wiar Member (a subdivision of the Ropianka Formation), which was comprehensively described in the external part of the Skole Nappe. In this study, the authors provide the first complete data set on the lithological development and biostratigraphy of the Kropivnik Fucoid Marl from the inner part of the Skole Nappe. The results are compared to previous data from the outer part of the Skole Nappe. In the Kropivnik Fucoid Marl of the Kąkolówka Structure, three main heterolithic facies associations are distinguished: shale-sandstone, marl-sandstone and sandstone-shale. The occurrences of hard, platy and soft marls within siliciclastic rocks are typical of the sections studied. The features observed indicate a turbiditic origin of the deposits studied, including the hard, platy marls. The allogenic material of the strata described includes the small, fragile tests of planktonic foraminifera, which were redeposited from the outer parts of the Skole Basin. Particularly large concentrations of planktonic foraminifera were observed in the hard, platy marls. They are less common in the soft marls and shales. In the Zimny Dział section, a diverse assemblage of benthic and planktonic foraminifera was found. The Kropivnik Fucoid Marl was dated as uppermost Campanian to lowermost Maastrichtian on the basis of planktonic foraminifera, which represent the Gansserina gansseri Zone. The agglutinated foraminiferal assemblages are representative for the lower part of the Rzehakina inclusa Zone and the co-occurrence of the Caudammina gigantea (Geroch) acme with Rzehakina inclusa (Grzybowski) was observed.

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Facies architecture of the Cambrian deposits of the Baltica shelf in the Lublin Basin, SE Poland

Stadnik Renata, Bębenek Sławomir, Waśkowska Anna

Annales Societatis Geologorum Poloniae

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2019

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Vol. 89, No. 2

105--120

EN

In the Cambrian, the Lublin Basin was a shallow-water area, located on the western edge of the Baltica palaeocontinent. The Cambrian sedimentary sequence, forming the lower part of the sedimentary cover of the North European Platform, is lithologically diversified and reflects dynamic variation in depositional environment. This paper presents the distribution of palaeofacies and sedimentary environments in the early Lublin Basin, including changes in their lateral extent during its evolution in the Cambrian. In order to evaluate the facies architecture of the Lublin Basin, a sedimentological analysis was carried out. On the basis of the detailed logging of drill cores, lithofacies made up of conglomerates, sandstones, mudstones and heterolithic deposits were distinguished; 16 lower-rank sublithofacies were identified. Their specific assemblages are indicative of shelf-type lithofacies associations, i.e. (1) tidal flat with muddy, mixed and sandy tidal plain sublithofacies including subtidal channels; (2) barrier-lagoon; (3) shoreface with lower, middle and upper shoreface subassociations; and (4) offshore with upper and lower offshore subassociations, including sandy tidal ridges. During the early Cambrian, the lateral variability and environmental succession indicate a transgressive, long-term trend and the migration of a lagoonal environment across wide tidal plains and the shoreface up to an offshore environment. The Lublin Basin reached its greatest lateral extent and maximum depth in the upper lower Cambrian. Next, an opposite trend began and during the middle Cambrian a regression cycle is recorded in successive changes in sedimentary environments that reflect a progressive shallowing. Multiple changes in adjacent environments indicate repeated and cyclical, lower-rank ingressions.