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Psolareny : wtórne metabolity roślin baldaszkowatych

Tomaszkiewicz-Potępa A., Burgiel Z.J., Vogt O.Z.

Wiadomości Chemiczne

2007

[Z] 61, 9-10

759-784

Plant secondary metabolites have been used for thousands of years as pharmaceuticals and dyes or as natural pesticides. Furanocoumarins are one of the more important secondary metabolites of many plants. Many sorts of furanocoumarins are known. Psolaren and its derivatives belong to them. Linear furanocoumarins have been isolated from wild and garden plants (Umbelliferae, Apiacae, Leguminosae). The increase of psolarens content (even dozens as much) in plants may be caused both by pathogenic bacterium or virus infection and by insects attack. This effect is used to obtain these compounds. The psolaren and its derivatives can also be prepared by the synthetic way. It is realized in the consequence of two-reaction pathway: (1) by the construction of the carbon framework from three condensed rings (starting from suitable derivatives of the resorcin) and (2) by the chemical modification of substituents. The combination of these methods allows us to synthesize the majority of naturally occurring psolarens and its derivatives characterized by considerable biological activity. Psolaren and its derivatives (linear furanocoumarins) are used in dermatology for treatment of skin diseases such as vitiligo and psoriasis. They have also been used as probes of nucleic acid structure and function. Psolaren demonstrates high activity towards UV. Its therapeutic activity and biocidality is caused by reactions that takes place in these conditions. Psolarens, in the presence of UV, interact with DNA inhibiting its replication.