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Study of the Qualitative State of Podzolized Black Soil in Short-Term Crop Rotations

Hryhoriv Yaroslava, Karbivska Uliana, Turak Oleg, Chernevyi Yurii, Oliinyk Vasyl, Koliadzhyn Ihor, Savchyn Andrii, Dmytryk Pavlo, Gniezdilova Victoria, Asanishvili Nadiia

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2023

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Vol. 24, iss. 7

98--104

EN

Presented work long-term experiment research (2012–2022 in ongoing experiment) on podzolized black soil to study the effectiveness of the use of organic (manure, non-marketable part of the crop, siderate) and mineral fertilizing systems in short term crop rotation were presented. The positive influence impact of the use of organic fertilizers and non-marketable part of the crop on stabilizing the amount of humus, increasing the reserves of alkaline-hydrolyzed nitrogen, exchangeable mobile phosphorus and potassium forms compounds in the soil was established. Changes in the nutrient regime and agrochemical properties of podzolized black soil under different saturation of crop rotations with cultivated crops, grain crops and leguminous plants were shown. A significant impact on the agrochemical characteristics of the soil in short-term crop rotations under crops of both the organicmineral fertilizer system and its predecessors was proven. It was established that the use of organic-mineral fertilizers (traditional organic-mineral fertilizer system) in crop rotation provides an increase in the content of nutrients in both arable and subarable layers of the soil, promotes an increase in the amount of crop residues, and, accordingly, harvest residues helps to increase the amount of crop residues, and provides a positive balance of nutrients under crops in crop rotation. The research materials are of practical importance for the implementation of nutrition optimization systems in short term crop rotations aimed at both sustainable increase of crop yields as well as maintenance and restoration of soil fertility.

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Growth and Development of Sweet Corn Plants in the Agro-Ecological Conditions of the Western Region of Ukraine

Hryhoriv Yaroslava, Butenko Andrii, Masyk Ihor, Onychko Tetiana, Davydenko Gennadiy, Bondarieva Liudmyla, Hotvianska Anna, Horbunova Karine, Yevtushenko Yevhen, Mykola Vandyk

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2023

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Vol. 24, iss. 4

216--222

EN

The results of research on the influence of growing technology and its individual elements on the growth, development and photosynthetic activity of corn plants hybrid Moreland F1 under conditions of Western region of Ukraine are presented. The purpose of the research was to determine influence of cultivation technology elements on the formation and efficiency of assimilation apparatus of sweet corn plants. Research was conducted during 2019–2021 on sod–podzolic soil using field, calculation–weighting, and mathematical–statistical methods. Dynamics peculiarities of individual leaf surface area of the plant and agrocenosis of corn as a whole by the stages of crop development have been determined. Based on the results of statistical and correlation analyses, dependences between main indices of photosynthetic activity and corn yielding capacity, as well as those that change the most under influence of agrotechnology elements, were determined. Reaction of the crop on the change in intensity level of cultivation technology has been established, which is manifested through the functional response of individual photosynthetic plant system and the crop as a whole and is expressed in strengthening of their assimilation activity. Optimal limits of biometric indices of photosynthetic activity of sweet corn plants in crops when being reached, a productive grain yield is formed, have been presented.

3

Competitiveness and Advantages of Camelina sativa on the Market of Oil Crops

Hryhoriv Yaroslava, Lyshenko Margarita, Butenko Andrii, Nechyporenko Valentyna, Makarova Viktoriia, Mikulina Maryna, Bahorka Mariia, Tymchuk Dmytro S., Samoshkina Iryna, Torianyk Inna

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2023

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Vol. 24, iss. 4

97--103

EN

The article presents the question of the effect of the effectiveness of various elements of cultivation technologies on the competitiveness of Camelina sativa and the profitability of its cultivation on acidic, low–fertility sod-podzolic soils. Fertilizers are one of the fast-acting and effective factors in increasing the yield of Camelina sativa. It was established that introduction of mineral fertilizers had a significant impact on competitiveness of Camelina sativa seeds. Dependence of productivity elements and yielding capacity on crops has been determined. It was established that spring cruciferous crops had different seed productivity. According to the results of conducted research, it was found that the highest seed yielding capacity among spring cruciferous crops had spring Brassica napus L., but the oil content in Camelina sativa seeds was 46.53%, which is 4.08% more than in Brassica napus L. Therefore, oil outcome from the yield of Brassica napus L. and Camelina sativa was almost the same.

4

Influence of Cultivation Technology on the Growth and Development of Sweet Corn Plants of Hybrid Moreland F1

Hryhoriv Yaroslava, Butenko Sergey, Hotvianska Anna, Nozdrina Nataliia, Rozhko Valentina, Karpenko Olena, Sykalo Оksana, Kustovska Alla, Toryanik Valentina, Salatenko Ivan

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

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2022

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Vol. 23, iss. 6

104--110

EN

The results of research on the influence of plant standing density and level of mineral fertilization on growth and development of sweet corn plants of hybrid Moreland F1 on sod–podzolic soils have been presented. The change in influence degree of technological factors on the height of sweet corn plants in different periods of the crop growth and development has been established. It was determined that the longest vegetation period had the crops of sweet corn grown under conditions of full mineral fertilization and maximum plant density of 80.000/ha – 80.3 days, and the shortest one was on the variant with unfertilized background and plant density of 60.000/ha – 73.2 days. Increase of mineral fertilizer dose contributed to better growth of sweet corn than in variants without mineral fertilizers. Increase of plant density up to 80.000/ha led to unnatural stretching of plants (over 190 cm). It was determined that the optimal plant height of the crops was at the density of 60 thousand/ha on the background of nutrition N135P90K125 + N60 + N30. The maximum average daily growth was characterized by sweet corn plants on the background of nutrition N135P90K125 + N60 + N30 with plant density 80.000/ha – 2.93 cm.