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1

Variable Viscosity of Water as the Controlling Factor in Energetic Quantities That Control Living Systems: Physicochemical and Astronomical Interactions

Karbowski L.M., Persinger M.A.

International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy

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2015

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Vol. 43

1--9

EN

The emergence of energy from the product of viscosity, volume and intrinsic or extrinsic frequency indicates that the ten fold difference in this property displayed by water could define the boundary of the physicochemical conditions of living systems. Intra-aqueous energy induced by geomagnetic variations and experimental time-varying magnetic fields within specific volumes of water maintained in static, dark conditions can be manifested as photon emissions with shifts in spectral power that approximate the width of the plasma cell membrane. Various manipulations of the viscosity of water accurately predicted the frequency required to affect intracellular organelles such as vesicles as well as the intramolecular pressures that affect interactions with photons. Application of the Smoluschowski-Einstein relation to the proton, the mediator of pH and the dynamics of the hydronium ion, potentially explained the vector characteristics of the frequency band of extremely low frequency magnetic fields that slow malignant cells. The derivation of viscosity from the inverse of the Newtonian Gravitational Constant, diffusivity and the square of the applied frequency indicates that resonant oscillations between the solid earth and the atmosphere and unit variations in solar flux density may be relevant variables.

2

Potential Role of the Entanglement Velocity of 1023 m·s-1 to Accommodate Recent Measurements of Large Scale Structures of the Universe

Persinger M. A., Koren S. A.

International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy

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2015

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Vol. 42

106--112

EN

The aggregate of m7·s-1 from the product of the four geometric terms for increasing dimensions of a closed path (a circle) when set equal to the optimal combinations of the gravitational constant G and the universe’s mass, length and time results in a diffusivity term of 1023 m·s-1. Conversion of the total energy of the universe to volts per meter and Tesla results in a velocity of the same order of magnitude. The required f6 multiplication to balance the terms solves optimally for a frequency that when divided by the modified Planck’s value is the equivalent upper limit of the rest mass of a photon. Several experimental times associated with orbital distances for inertial frames are consistent with this velocity. Calculations indicate that during the final epoch the velocity from the energy derived from universal potential difference over length and magnetic fields will require only a unit frequency adjustment that corresponds to the energy equivalent of one orbit of a Bohr electron. We suggest that one intrinsic process by which large scale structures (Gigaparsec) are organized could involve this “entanglement velocity”. It would be correlated with the transformation of “virtual” or subthreshold values of the upper rest mass of photons to their energetic manifestation as the universe emerges from dark energy or matter that is yet to appear.

3

Magnetic Fields Generated by Optical Coupler Circuits May Also Be Containment Loci for Entanglement of P-N Junction-Plasma Cell Membrane Photons within Exposed Living Systems

Koren S. A., Bosarge W. E., Persinger M. A.

International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy

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2015

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Vol. 42

84--105

EN

The presence of optocouplers, tyristors, Triac switches, and light-emitting diodes within complex electronic circuits that generated magnetic fields within volumes in which living systems are exposed may create the conditions for non-local production of photons within those volumes. Because the power densities of biophotons that mediate inter-cell communication within organisms and potentially control cell proliferation are similar to those for cosmic rays, terrestrial sources of photons, and light emissions during human cognition, this non-locality would involve a field of subtle energies. Calculations show remarkable convergence between current densities and power values within the optocoupler components and the characteristics of photons within conditions that could promote excess correlations and non-locality including the involvement of Casimir forces. Spectral analyses of the computer-generated signals that produced the magnetic field through either the optocoupler or an alternative circuit revealed higher frequency durations in the order of 20 to 40 ms of “absent signals” that could affect the type of base nucleotide sequencing. The quantitative solutions suggest that under certain conditions the four-dimensional magnetic field within which the animal is exposed during effective treatments of anomalous cell proliferation serves as a dynamic “containment” analogous to a coherent domain where photonic patterns between the electronic equipment and living system are coupled.

4

Combined Spectral Resonances of Signaling Proteins’ Amino Acids in the ERK-MAP Pathway Reflect Unique Patterns That Predict Peak Photon Emissions and Universal Energies

Persinger M.A., Murugan N.J., Karbowski L.M.

International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy

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2015

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Vol. 43

10--25

EN

The duality of matter-energy as particle-waves was applied to the classic ERK-MAP signaling pathways between the plasma cell membrane and the nucleus and was tested with Cosic’s Resonance Recognition Method. Spectral analyses of sequences of pseudopotentials that reflect de-localized electrons of amino acids for the 11 proteins in the pathway were computed. The spectral power density of the terminal protein (cFOS) was shown to be the average of the profiles of the precursor proteins. The results demonstrated that in addition to minute successive alterations in molecular structure wave-functions and resonant patterns can also describe complex molecular signaling pathways in cells. Different pathways may be defined by a single resonance profile. The separations between the peaks of wavelengths from Cosic’s predictions for photon emissions in the visible spectrum that define the ERK-MAP pathway were within the range of 10-20 J. This quantity has been shown to be a fundamental unit of energy within the universe. The involvement of photon patterns indicates that non-local effects could accompany the serial causality (locality) assumed to connect molecular pathways.

5

Annual Fluctuations in Local Photon Counts Reflect Differential Distances from the Galaxy’s Singularity: Astronomical, Chemical and Biology Implications

Persinger M. A.

International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy

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2015

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Vol. 49

60--65

EN

A conspicuous annual variation in the photon flux density of ~10-12 W·m-2 by a photomultiplier tube housed in a hyperdark ground level setting was within the range expected for the small changes in the earth’s distance per orbit from the energetic entropy (Joules) of the singularity at the center of the galaxy. For the Bekenstein-Hawking relation to be congruent the singularity’s power must reflect the galaxy’s age. The power (W) per volume at the distance of the earth when divided into the peak-to-trough change in photon flux density for minimum-maximum distances from the galactic center converged with the Compton wavelength for an electron. Subsequent calculations indicated that the discrepancy between the magnetic moments of the orbit/spin of the electron and of the proton when the energy associated with the neutral hydrogen line is involved with the Bohr atom also solve for the Compton electron wavelength. The most likely local mechanism to satisfy the hyperfine currents that are in the order of 10-15 A within the width of plasma membrane phenomena would be proton channels when pH ranges from about 5.8 to 7.4 which can occur transiently near neurons. The measured photon flux densities multiplied by known diffusion velocities of protons in water could produce energy levels of ~10-20 J per square unit of time. The results suggest the potential for collapsing de Broglie particle-wave properties of an electron involves energies associated with neuronal action potentials coupled to cognition and that this potential may be spread through the galactic volume as pervasive photon flux densities originating from the singularity at the center.

6

The Cancer Cell Plasma Membrane Potentials As Energetic Equivalents to Astrophysical Properties

Persinger M. A., Lafrenie R. M.

International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy

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2014

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Vol. 17, iss. 1

67--77

EN

The primary physical and chemical parameters that define the hypopolarized plasma cell membrane of malignant (cancer) cells compared to non-malignant cells reflect universal characteristics. The median value for the resting membrane potential is the constant for the Nernst equation without reference to discrepancies in ion concentrations and is identical to Boltzmann energies at 37 °C. The threshold energy defining space-time converges with access to entropic processes that are reflected in the morphology of cancer cells and tumors. Slowing of growth in cancer cell lines but not normal cells following exposure to weak (~1 to 10 μT) patterned magnetic fields occurs when the energy induced within the cell corresponds to the energy equivalent of the hypopolarized membrane potential. The optimal temporal parameters for the efficacy of these fields can be derived from Hubble‟s parameter and the transform function for “noise” or “random” patterns within the system. Quantitative solutions and experimental data indicate that the cancer cell may be dominated by entropic process that can be attenuated or blocked by temporally-structured applied magnetic fields whose intensity matches the increment of energy associated with this threshold.

7

The Asteroid Belt as the Consequence of Resonance Density Convergence From Solar Velocity Around the Galaxy and Universal Dynamic Pressure

Persinger M. A., Vares D. A. E.

International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy

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2014

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Vol. 15

73--79

EN

The velocity of the solar system around the galaxy as it moves through universal dynamic pressure of about 0.15 nPa results in a critical mass density of 1.5 protons per cc. Interplanetary measurements indicate this density occurs within the space occupied by asteroids. Quantitative evidence is offered that the matter in asteroid space failed to accrete into a planet because of the disruptive resonance between universal dynamic pressure and the velocity of the system. The model may accommodate the chemical characteristics of the different regions of the asteroid belt and the marked difference in planetary characteristics above (the inner planets) and below (the “gas giants”) the critical density. The energy accumulated within the functional toroidal space between Mars and Jupiter since the formation of the solar system is equivalent to the total mass of asteroids. If energy is still emerging within this region then the probability of non-traditional disruption of orbits for certain masses of asteroids may have significant impact. Specific frequencies that should show enhanced power based upon these calculations are derived.

8

Terrestrial and lunar gravitational forces upon the mass of a cell : relevance to cell function

Persinger M. A.

International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy

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2014

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Vol. 2

15-21

EN

The gravitational force between the mass of an average mammalian cell and the earth is in the order of a picoNewton. When applied across the plasma membrane the energy is within the domain of 10-20 J that is associated with the distance between forces of ions that are correlated with the membrane potential. Solutions for velocity and acceleration are congruent with known properties of the ion channel and cell membrane. The differences in gravitational forces between lunar perigee and apogee are within the 10-20 J range when applied across distances that constitute neuronal processes. Calculations of the ratio of gravitational force to a specific range of intensities of rotating experimental magnetic fields produce equivalent electric dipole moments (A∙m) that are within the same order of magnitude as that measured for single post-synaptic potentials. These values match the energies associated with pressures within the cell volume according to Borowski’s gravitational theory. The solutions may explain a robust behavioral effect reported over 40 years ago that indicated a powerful interaction between forces associated with lunar distances at the birth of rats exposed prenatally to rotating magnetic fields. Although the energies may be small the contributions from subtle changes in gravitational forces are within the operative range for those that influence cell function.

9

Schumann Resonance Frequencies Found within Quantitative Electroencephalographic Activity: Implications for Earth-Brain Interactions

Persinger M. A.

International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy

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2014

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Vol. 11, iss. 1

24-32

EN

Recent measurements of cerebral quantitative electroencephalographic power densities within the first three harmonics of the earth-ionosphere Schumann resonances and the same order of magnitude for both systems electric and magnetic (pT) fields suggest the possibility of direct intercalation or interaction. The phase modulations of the Schumann propagations and those associated with consciousness are very similar. Quantitative solutions from contemporary values for the physical parameters of the human brain and the earth-ionospheric resonances suggest that electromagnetic information maintained during the first 30 min of experience could be also represented within a property of the (Hilbert) space occupied by the ionospheric wave guide within the earth’s magnetic field. Several astronomical phenomena, including gravitational waves and the neutral hydrogen line, display physical properties with magnitudes matching cerebral electromagnetic activity particularly during light sleep. The presence of Schumann frequencies within the human brain may have greater significance than hereto assumed for the human species.

10

Relating Casimir to Magnetic Energies Results in Spatial Dimensions That Define Biology Systems

Persinger M. A.

International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy

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2014

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Vol. 20, iss. 2

160--165

EN

The volume-independence that occurs when Casimir and magnetic energies were equated was employed to solve for optimal spatial separations. For the magnetic moments of a proton and an electron in the presence of a magnetic field strength that produced the energy associated with the neutral hydrogen line, the distances were 1 nm and 24 nm or the width of an ion channel in a plasma cell membrane and the average synaptic width, respectively. The small discrepancies in orbit-spin magnetic moments of the electron with the magnetic moment of the proton emerged as relevant. Calculation of the radius in the bound (circular) system associated with the required magnetic field strength for the ~3.41·10 -27 A·mX 2 discrepancy solved as the Compton wavelength of the electron. Applications of the approach allowed quantitative convergence between universal photon densities within 1 nm widths as well as integration of the energy from acceleration for estimated upper limits of resting photon masses with Planck’s constant. The results suggest that the physical and chemical properties that define biological systems, particularly the brain, reflect astronomical principles.

11

Quantitative Support for Convergence of Intrinsic Energies from Applied Magnetic Fields and “Noise” Fluctuations of Newton’s Gravitational Value within the Human Brain

Persinger M. A., Saroka K. S.

International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy

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2014

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Vol. 19, iss. 2

181--190

EN

When the energy within the mass of the human brain that is associated with the intrinsic range in fluctuations of the Gravitational Constant (G) is set equal to the energy from a magnetic field (B) within the cerebral volume and solved for B, a value in the order of 20 to 50 nT is obtained. Quantitative Electroencephalographic (QEEG) and sLORETA (Low Resolution Electromagnetic Tomography) analyses of cerebral cortical activity during exposure to a range of applied rotating, frequency-modulated, transcerebral (between the two temporal lobes) magnetic fields between < 1 nT and 7000 nT while volunteers sat within a darkened, quiet chamber were completed. There was marked enhancement of power within the 4 Hz to 10 Hz band within the right caudal (cuneus) hemisphere while the ~5 to 20 nT averaged strength magnetic fields were applied but no significant responses at lesser or greater intensities. These results suggest that a physical process coupled to the source of the fluctuation (~10-15 m3kg-1s-2) in G may interact with right hemispheric activity within the range at which gravity waves have been estimated to interact with Schumann frequencies generated between the earth and ionosphere.

12

Quantitative Evidence for Direct Effects Between Earth-Ionosphere Schumann Resonances and Human Cerebral Cortical Activity

Saroka K. S., Persinger M. A.

International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy

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2014

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Vol. 20, iss. 2

166--194

EN

The multiple quantitative similarities of basic frequencies, harmonics, magnetic field intensities, voltages, band widths, and energetic solutions that define the Schumann resonances within the separation between the earth and ionosphere and the activity within the human cerebral cortices suggest the capacity for direct interaction. The recent experimental demonstration of the representations of the Schumann resonances within the spectral densities of normal human quantitative electroencephalographic (QEEG) activity suggests a casual interaction. Calculations supported by correlations between amplitudes of the global Schumann resonances measured several thousands of km away (which were nearly identical to our local measurements) and the coherence and current densities or these frequency bands between cerebral hemispheres for a large population of human QEEG measures indicate that such interaction occurs. The energies are within the range that would allow information to be exchanged between cerebral and Schumann sources. The near-identical solution for current density from the increasing human population and background vertical electric fields suggests that changes in the former might determine the degree of coherence between the Schumann resonances. Direct comparisons of local Schumann measurements and brain activity exhibited powerful intermittent coherence within the first three harmonics. Implications of the contributions of solar transients, surface temperature, and rapidly developing technologies to modify the ionosphere‟s Schumann properties are considered.

13

Quantitative Convergence Between Physical-Chemical Constants of the Proton and the Properties of Water : Implications for Sequestered Magnetic Fields and a Universal Quantity

Persinger M. A.

International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy

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2014

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Vol. 2

1-10

EN

The ratio of the magnetic moment and charge of a proton when multiplied by the viscosity of water results in forces that when applied over the distance of O-H bonds provides quantum increments in the order of 10-20 J. Precise coefficients of this order of magnitude are consistent with the mechanisms associated with proton (H+) mobility and duration of the hydronium atom. When applied to aggregate properties of water that involve exclusion zones defined by boundaries containing marked proton density and coherent domains within which specific patterns of applied magnetic fields can be contained for protracted periods, these intrinsic properties suggest that the major features of the cell plasma membrane and living systems can be accommodated by proton movements within water. Water exposed in the dark to weak magnetic fields displayed a ~10 nm shift in peak wavelength as measured by a fluorescence spectrophotometer. Given the persistent emergence of 10-20 J as a functional unit of energy across the universe, the physical significance of the interaction between weak, temporally patterned magnetic fields and the organization of water within astronomical and abiogenic contexts may have been underestimated.

14

Potential Gravitational - Solar Electromagnetic Spectral Radiance Interaction as the Source of the Earth’s Background Free Oscillations

Persinger M. A.

International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy

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2014

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Vol. 2

11-14

EN

The origins of the continuous free oscillations of the whole earth have been attributed to coupling between the solid earth and atmosphere primarily through the fundamental spheroidal mode 0S29 oscillation of ~3.7 mHz. The origins of these interference patterns have been attributed to an excitation source just above the Earth’s surface. However, comparable surface oscillations have been measured in the Sun’s photosphere. The cube root of the product of the gravitational constant, the spectral radiance of the sun, and the square of the frequency produced an acceleration value that was identical to the measured amplitude of the free Earth oscillations (~0.4∙10-11 m∙s-2). The quantitative convergence suggests these narrow-band accelerations may emerge within the Sun-Earth system as it moves through galactic space. Keywords: Earth’s free oscillations; gravitation; solar Rossby waves; nanoGals; spheroidal modes; solar spectral radiance.

15

Evidence for a Causal Relationship Between Mach’s Principle and the Quantitative Latency for Universal Entanglement

Persinger M. A., Koren S. A.

International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy

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2014

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Vol. 15

80--86

EN

Support for Mach’s principle of the Prominence or the Immanence of the Universe which states that the behavior of any part of the Cosmos is determined by all of its parts requires quantitative convergence from the appropriate combination of universal parameters. Applications of recent calculations based upon a diffusivity with a real value (~1023 m•s-1) revealed solutions that are consistent with the concept of dragging inertial frames and geodetic (Lense-Thirring) precession. The latency for non-local entanglement around the earth is similar to frame dragging as measured by Ciufolini. The independent solution for this real value to capture Mach’s “whole universe” requires the contribution from quantum-level Zero Point Fluctuations. Consideration of this value for solar-terrestrial distances could explain the non-local “gravitational” effects upon biological reactions that appear to precede electromagnetic effects. The verification of the “entanglement latency” by independent methods could produce the validation for Mach’s principle.

16

Discrepancies Between Predicted and Observed Intergalactic Magnetic Field Strengths from the Universe’s Total Energy: Is It Contained Within Submatter Spatial Geometry?

Persinger M. A.

International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy

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2014

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Vol. 11, iss. 1

18-23

EN

Although the gravitational energy within the distance of the radius of a singularity for a current estimated mass of the universe is equal to ~1069 Joules, congruent solutions for different ages of the universe reflect changes by a factor of π or 8π for identities. The total energy value is equal to the product of primary constants G·μ·ε·ħ·σ·c2 (which results in power, W) when divided by the area of smallest unit of space (area of a circle with a radius of Planck’s Length) and then multiplied by the universe’s current surface area and age. The conspicuous discrepancies of ~2∙103 between the predicted average magnetic intensity within the universe from that total energy and contemporary measurements can be accommodated by the quantitative product of 21.3π4 derived from the classic four-dimensional metric. The equivalent electric field potential divided by the predicted magnetic intensity results in a velocity that has been suggested to reflect the latency for excess correlations to occur across the universe. The most parsimonious explanation for these results is that a large component of the magnetic manifestation of energy in the universe is recondite or occluded within its submatter spatial structure and that the required cohesion or “diffusivity” throughout the volume involves the electric field component. These quantifications may facilitate understanding of Mach’s principle that any part of the universe is influenced by all of its parts.

17

Conversion Energy from the Movement of the Solar System Through Universal Pressure: Reflections in Seismic Events and Global Temperatures

Persinger M. A.

International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy

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2014

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Vol. 17, iss. 1

78--86

EN

The velocity (~242 km•s-1) of the Solar System around the galactic center within the universal pressure (~10-10 Pascal) produces energies within the earth’s volume that is equivalent to that released by the sum of all earthquakes per unit time. The available energy within the earth and solar volume from the expected spatial variations of this pressure along this perimeter, which requires about 250 million years to traverse, can accommodate the increased geomagnetic activity from the expanding solar corona over the last approximately 100 years as well as the increase in global warming. Inferences of a varying structure of space that may explain the periodicity and range in solar cycles as well as anomalous minimums (such as the Maunder phenomenon) suggest a central galactic singularity with spatial ripples exhibiting peak-to-peak troughs that approximate the earth’s circumference and frequencies in the order of 7 to 8 Hz. The precise velocity-universal pressure flux density may also explain the millilux-range magnitude of the earth’s night (air) glow. These results and the application of these concepts indicate that origins of seismicity, slow drifts in the intensity of geomagnetic activity, and global warming (and cooling) trends are products of differential interactions with quantitative fluctuations in sub-matter space and that the subtle variations encountered as the Solar System moves along this 1021 m perimeter may be more significant than previously assumed.

18

Convergence of Numbers of Synapses and Quantum Foci within Human Brain Space: Quantitative Implications of the Photon as the Source of Cognition

Persinger M. A.

International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy

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2014

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Vol. 11, iss. 1

59-66

EN

Quantitative solutions involving classical methods indicated that the numbers of quantum foci within the human cerebrum are the same order of magnitude as the numbers of synapses in the cerebral cortices. The Bohr frequency for the magnitude of the quantum associated with the removal of one nucleus from another is within the range of the width of synapse (~1 μm) while the recoil energy from a rest mass photon is equivalent to the energy produced by the entire field of dynamic neurons per second. The intrinsic energy (10-20 J) associated with each action potential is similar to the gravitational potential energy from Planck’s mass applied across 1 μm. Both the endogenous cerebral magnetic field strength which is similar in magnitude to intergalactic intensities and the interaction between weak geomagnetic variations and the cerebrum’s electric dipole current are associated with photon flux densities in the order (10-11 W∙m-2) that have been measured in the laboratory. The perspective of the human cerebral volume as a field of foci of photon quanta offers different perspectives for the intrinsic nature of consciousness and cognition and their influence by phenomena from astronomical origins.

19

Support for Eddington’s Number and His Approach to Astronomy: Recent Developments in the Physics and Chemistry of the Human Brain

Persinger M.A.

International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy

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2013

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Vol. 8, iss. 1

8--19

EN

The astronomical contributions of Sir Arthur Eddington have sometimes been distracted by his philosophy and his derivation of ~1079 for the total number of elementary particles in the universe. However, assumptions employed to obtain the universal mass in a volume of ~1079 m3 produce values remarkably commensurate with ~1079 protons. The congruence between the calculated gravitational forces for rest mass photons separated by Planck’s length and potassium ions separated by the distance that maintains a neuron’s resting plasma membrane potential is also consistent with his assumption that universal structure is mirrored within consciousness and its extensions through sensitive instrumentation. Recent measurements of photon emissions during changes in membrane potentials and human beings engaging in visual imagery as well as the concept of entanglement suggest that careful reevaluation of Eddington’s approach in cosmology, astronomy, and astrophysics may be revealing.

20

Quantitative Support for Borowski’s Theory of Gravitation

Persinger M. A.

International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy

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2013

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Vol. 12

67--71

EN

The Borowski Theory of Gravitation (BTG) indicates that movements of mass such as planets through space are determined by differential pressures from dark matter. One of the consequences of the final epoch is that there would be no matter but only distance. Quantitative solutions indicate that the tensor to set universal average dark matter pressure equal to G, the gravitational constant, would require that the terminal length would be ~2.2∙1069 m or effectively identical to current estimates of energy equivalence of the universal mass. For the earth’s orbit the force from the dark pressure is the same order of magnitude as the force associated with the product of the planet’s mass and background free oscillations whose origins are still ambiguous. The convergences of solutions suggest that the BTG may reveal alternative interpretations and mechanisms for the role of gravitation in planetary motion.