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Seasonal and Spatial Variation of Water Quality in the Lumina-Rosu Lakes System, Danube Delta, Romania

Catianis Irinaa, Constantinescu Adriana Maria, Grosu Dumitru, Lupascu Naliana, Iordache Gabriel, Dutu Florin

Inżynieria Mineralna

2024

Vol. 1, no. 1

701--710

The main aim of the present scientific paper is to assess water quality of the surface water of various lakes located in the Lumina-Rosu interdistributary depression, Danube Delta, Romania. As specific objectives, the paper considered to spot the main potential sources of contamination and their environmental impacts on aquatic ecosystems. Equally, the purpose of the article is to emphasize the importance of monitoring the water quality of the Danube Delta, for preserving these unique natural water resources and their ecosystem services (fresh water, biodiversity, flood control, recreation, nutrient cycling, fishing and other traditional activities, ecotourism). Surface water samples collected from several control sections situated on the main tributaries and canals, as well as from lakes were investigated physically (To - C, EC - µS/cm, TDS - mg/L, turbidity - NTU units, TSS - mg/L) and chemically (pH - units, DO - mg/L, N-NO2 - - mg/L, N-NO3 - - mg/L, P-PO4 3- - mg/L, Chla - mg/L, SiO2 - mg/L, TOC - mg/L, SO4 2- - mg/L, S2 - - mg/L, H2S - mg/L and synthetic detergents - mg/L). Generally, the hydro-physicalchemical characteristics and water quality assessment of the surface waters of the lakes manifest the combined effect of both processes occurred in the catchment (weathering, sediment supply and transport), as well as the in situ lake processes (photosynthesis, sediment mixing, biogeochemical cycling, evaporation, eutrophication, productivity changes). Overall, the physical and chemical characteristics of the sampling sites investigated at high waters of the Danube are quite similar to those measured at low waters. The differences that mainly occurred within the lakes are more related to the limnological variables and the local environmental conditions. Anyway, a significant seasonal variation was noticed in the lakes, during the dry period, when different physical and chemical characteristics appeared to be influenced by high air temperature, lack of precipitation, low water level regime, low dissolved oxygen level regime, all related to climate change effects etc. Moreover, the anthropogenic factor that left its mark on some physical-chemical characteristics of water should not be omitted either. However, the results obtained within this study did not show such alarming values as might have dangerous effects on the investigated aquatic environments. The water quality information within this case study may be used for improving the understanding of the water quality issues and to better coordinate and plan for future monitoring activities in and around the Danube Delta environment. The results will contribute to updating the existing database with relevant information for a sustainable future of the Danube Delta and in similar areas that are subjected to such environmental challenges.

Integrating Photogrammetry and Magnetometry for Archaeological Research at Argamum, Dobruja

Anghel Sorin, Dragos Andrei Gabriel, Iordache Gabriel, Baraitareanu Bogdan

Inżynieria Mineralna

2024

Vol. 2, no. 2

art. no. 81

This paper presents the results of an integrated photogrammetric and magnetometric survey conducted at the Argamum archaeological site, located in Dobrogea, Romania. Argamum, a significant roman ancient settlement, provides a rich tapestry of historical and cultural data. The primary objective of this study was to create a detailed digital terrain model (DTM) of two specific perimeters within the site, using advanced photogrammetric techniques, and to complement this with magnetometric data to uncover subsurface features. The photogrammetric survey involved capturing high-resolution aerial imagery using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs-PHANTOM IV PRO). The images were processed using specialized software to generate a high-precision 3D model of the terrain. This model provided a detailed and accurate representation of the surface topography, which is crucial for understanding the spatial relationships and structural layout of the archaeological features. In parallel, a magnetometric survey was conducted to detect and map subsurface archaeological remains. This non-invasive method measures variations in the Earth's magnetic field caused by buried structures and artifacts. The magnetometric data revealed several anomalies, indicative of potential archaeological features such as walls, foundations, and other buried structures. The integration of photogrammetric and magnetometric data offered a comprehensive view of the Argamum site, combining surface and subsurface information. This multi-method approach enabled a more detailed analysis of the site's layout and provided insights into the distribution and orientation of archaeological remains. The results of the survey highlighted the effectiveness of using photogrammetry and magnetometry in tandem. The highresolution DTM facilitated precise mapping and documentation of visible features, while the magnetometric survey added depth by identifying hidden structures. This combined methodology enhances the overall understanding of the site and aids in the planning of future archaeological excavations. Moreover, the study demonstrated the potential of these technologies to significantly reduce the time and cost associated with traditional excavation methods. By providing a non-invasive means of site investigation, photogrammetry and magnetometry allow for the preservation of the site's integrity while still yielding valuable data. In conclusion, the photogrammetric and magnetometric survey at Argamum has provided a detailed and multifaceted understanding of the site. This research underscores the importance of integrating modern geospatial technologies in archaeological investigations. The findings contribute to the broader field of archaeological research by showcasing the benefits of combining different survey techniques to achieve a comprehensive analysis of historical sites.

Celem pracy jest publikacja dziedzictwa kamienia suchego regionu Barrocal, Algarve, w południowej Portugalii. W trakcie badań odkryto, że te budynki w większości są w ruinie. Ich rehabilitacja i upowszechnienie byłyby możliwe z uwagi na dużą wartość kulturową i poczucie przynależności mieszkańców tego regionu. Metodologia badań opierała się na czterech fazach: 1) kontekstualizacja badań przeprowadzonych w Portugalii; 2) identyfikacja i klasyfikacja konstrukcji z kamienia suchego; 3) rejestracja i analiza tych konstrukcji; 4) propozycje konserwacji i promocji. Badanie to jest oryginalne, gdyż nie zostało dotychczas przeprowadzone z tego punktu widzenia, a konieczność lub nowa definicja funkcji tego dziedzictwa może stanowić wartość dodaną dla działalności turystycznej.