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Short-term changes in phytoplankton assemblages and their potential for heavy metal bioaccumulation : a laboratory study

Hussian A. E. M., Abd El-Monem A. M., Napiórkowska-Krzebietke A., Flefil N. S.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2018

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Vol. 47, No. 3

260--274

EN

This study focused on phytoplankton changes in polluted waters of Lake Manzala and the assessment of heavy metal bioaccumulation capacity during the 15-day laboratory experiment. Phytoplankton samples were analyzed every day and the concentration of zinc, iron and lead in water, in phytoplankton and in filtrate – every fifth day of the experiment. Significantly higher phytoplankton abundance was recorded in water from the El-Boom station (basin I) compared to the New Bahr El-Baqar drain (basin II), followed by distinct differences in its composition and chlorophyll content. However, the most abundant species were the same in both basins, i.e. Chroococcus minor, Microcystis aeruginosa, Actinoptychus octonarius, Aulacoseira granulata, Pantocsekiella ocellata, Kirchneriella obesa and Nephrocytium limneticum. Water in basin I was more polluted with heavy metals compared to basin II. Basin I was characterized by the dominance of cyanobacteria and high relative abundance of chlorophytes compared to basin II, where either cyanobacteria and/or diatoms dominated in the phytoplankton. In the former basin, the highest uptake factors (UFs) were recorded for iron and zinc and the lowest UF for lead. In basin II, the highest UF was determined for zinc, but relatively high UFs were recorded also for iron and lead. The presented results suggest that phytoplankton can contribute to natural biosorbents of heavy metals in Egyptian lakes.

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Microbial and classic food web components under ice cover in eutrophic lakes of different morphometry and fisheries management

Kalinowska K., Napiórkowska-Krzebietke A., Bogacka-Kapusta E., Hutorowicz J., Pyka J., Stawecki K., Kapusta A., Chybowski Ł.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2017

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Vol. 46, No. 3

271--282

EN

The thickness and duration of ice cover are strongly influenced by global warming. The aim of this study was to determine chemical (organic carbon, total nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations) and biological (nanoflagellates, ciliates, phytoplankton, rotifers, crustaceans) parameters under the ice cover in three eutrophic lakes (Masurian Lake District, Poland), differing in their morphometry and fisheries management. All the studied groups of organisms showed high variability over a short time. Taxonomic composition of planktonic communities, except for rotifers and phytoplankton, was similar in all lakes. Nanoflagellates were dominated by autotrophic forms, while ciliates were primarily composed of small oligotrichs and prostomatids. Nano-sized diatoms and mixotrophic cryptophytes were the most important components of phytoplankton and they formed an under-ice bloom in one lake only. Rotifers were mainly represented by Keratella cochlearis, Polyarthra dolichoptera and Asplanchna priodonta. Among crustaceans, copepods clearly dominated over cladocerans. Our research suggests that winter was a very dynamic period. In the under-ice conditions, pelagic organisms were strongly dependent on each other. The shallow lake and the deeper, small lake differed significantly in nutrient and chlorophyll concentrations, ciliate and phytoplankton biomass and the ratio of autotrophic to heterotrophic biomass. These results suggest that morphometric parameters may affect planktonic organisms during the ice-covered period.

3

The relationship between phytoplankton and fish in nutrient-rich shallow Lake Qarun, Egypt

Napiórkowska-Krzebietke A., Hussian A. E. M., Abd El-Monem A. M., El-Far A. M.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2016

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Vol. 45, No. 4

539--553

EN

The present study focused on the determination of the baseline data and correlations between biological and physicochemical variables, including the assessment of trophic conditions in Lake Qarun. The concentrations of nutrients were high, with the maxima usually in the east subarea (total nitrogen 6.40 mg dm-3, mineral nitrogen 2.34 mg dm-3, orthophosphates 0.22 mg dm-3). A total of 134 phytoplankton species were recorded. Bacillariophyceae and Dinophyceae co-dominated spatially and seasonally in phytoplankton assemblages. The highest phytoplankton density (935 × 104 cells dm-3) and chlorophyll a content (69.3 μg dm-3) were recorded in the east subarea of the lake, whereas the largest total and dominant fish (Mugil cephalus and Solea spp.) were in the west. Tilapia zillii and Engraulis encrasicolus were most abundant in the east and in the middle part, respectively. When phytoplankton density decreased from the east toward the west subarea, the Secchi disk depth increased. The TLI-based assessment indicated hypereutrophic waters at most sites of Lake Qarun. Statistically significant positive or negative correlations were found between the dominant fish species: T. zillii and Solea spp., and the phytoplankton density, Dinophyceae density, concentrations of TP, chlorophyll a, ammonium, nitrite and nitrate. Such correlations may be helpful to better understand how to enhance the sustainable fish production.

4

Phytoplankton-based recovery requirement for urban lakes in the implementation of the Water Framework Directive’s ecological targets

Napiórkowska-Krzebietke A., Dunalska J.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2015

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Vol. 44, No. 1

109--119

EN

This study focused on the determination of the phytoplankton-based recovery requirement, including bloom intensity thresholds in human-affected lakes, helpful in the restoration. The phytoplankton and physicochemical analyses were carried out on seven urban lakes in Kartuzy and Skępe. The Phytoplankton Metric for Polish Lakes was used to assess the ecological status and the Trophic Level Index was used to determine the trophic state. Only one lake had a good ecological status (meeting the WFD requirements for at least good status), whereas other lakes had poor or bad ecological status. All of them were eutrophic or hyper-eutrophic and the summer phytoplankton assemblages were dominated mainly by bloomforming cyanobacteria. The lowest phytoplankton bloom threshold of 2.6 mm3 l-1 (seasonal maximum) and the following thresholds of 5 mm3 l-1 for classes I/II; 8 mm3 l-1 for classes II/III; 21 mm3 l-1 for classes III/IV; 100 mm3 l-1 for classes IV/V were proposed for urban lakes. This could directly refer to the bloom intensity for high, good, moderate, poor and bad ecological status. This all indicates a huge recovery requirement in the majority of urban lakes, and the proposed bloom intensity classification may be helpful in fulfilling the WFD targets for the ecologicallyrelevant lake status.

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Cyanobacterial bloom intensity in the ecologically relevant state of lakes : an approach to Water Framework Directive implementation

Napiórkowska-Krzebietke A.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2015

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Vol. 44, No. 1

97--108

EN

This study focused on the determination of the cyanobacteria development in terms of the probabilistic recognition of the bloom intensity level in the ecologically relevant state of lakes. Assuming the possibility of using once-a-year sampling frequency, the ecological status or potential was assessed based on the modified Polish phytoplankton-based method (PMPLMOD) in 23 Masurian lakes. The summer cyanobacteria biomass reached 52.3 mg l-1. The biomass did not exceed the WHO-defined low risk threshold of 2 mg l-1, and was usually observed in lakes with at least good ecological status/potential. This threshold may be sufficient to propose it as a good/moderate cyanobacterial bloom intensity threshold. The average values of 3.3, 9.9 and 22.4 mg l-1 were recorded in the lakes with a moderate, poor and bad ecological status/ potential, respectively. The WHO-defined moderate risk threshold of 10 mg l-1 was exceeded only in lakes with a poor or bad ecological status/potential. The structure of cyanobacteria assemblages changed along with the deterioration of the ecological status/ potential and a decrease in Chroococcales biomass and an increase in Oscillatoriales and Nostocales biomass. Nevertheless, Planktolyngbya limnetica, Pseudanabaena limnetica and Aphanizomenon gracile had a significant presence in the total cyanobacterial biomass in all surveyed lakes.

6

Cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins in Polish freshwater bodies

Kobos J., Błaszczyk A., Hohlfeld N., Toruńska-Sitarz A., Krakowiak A., Hebel A., Sutryk K., Grabowska M., Toporowska M., Kokociński M., Messyasz B., Rybak A., Napiórkowska-Krzebietke A., Nawrocka L., Pełechata A., Budzyńska A., Zagajewski P., Mazur-Marzec H.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2013

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Vol. 42, No. 4

358--378

EN

In this work, the authors examined the presence of cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins in 21 samples collected from fresh water bodies located in 5 provinces in Poland: Lublin (2), Podlasie (1), Pomerania (6), Warmia-Masuria (1) and Wielkopolska (11). In addition, to determine the general pattern of geographical distribution, frequency of cyanobacteria occurrence, and cyanotoxins production, the published data from 238 fresh water bodies in Poland were reviewed. On the basis of these collected results, we concluded that Planktothrix, Aphanizomenon, Microcystis and Dolichospermum were dominant. The general pattern in geographical distribution of the identified cyanobacterial genera was typical of other eutrophic waters in Europe. The production of cyanotoxins was revealed in 18 (86%) of the 21 samples analyzed in the present work and in 74 (75%) of the 98 total water bodies for which the presence of toxins had been examined. Among the 24 detected microcystin variants, [Asp3]MC-RR was most common. These results can be verified when more data from the less explored water bodies in the southern and eastern parts of Poland are available.

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A comparison of epilimnetic versus metalimnetic phytoplankton assemblages in two mesotrophic lakes

Napiórkowska-Krzebietke A., Hutorowicz A.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2013

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Vol. 42, No. 1

89-98

EN

The epilimnetic and metalimnetic phytoplankton assemblages were compared in two mesotrophic lakes (L. Hańcza and L. Dejguny, northeastern Poland) and a “metalimnetic niche” is described. Phytoplankton analysis conducted during July and August 2006, 2007, and 2008 indicated that the total phytoplankton biomass in both lakes was relatively small (from 0.6 to 5.2 mg dm-3), with maximum values mainly occurring in the metalimnion. The lowest number of species and diversity indices values were usually observed in the metalimnetic layers. Lake Hańcza was dominated by diatoms (e.g. Cyclotella spp.) whereas Lake Dejguny was mainly dominated by cyanoprokaryotes (e.g. Planktothrix agardhii), with a distinct predominance of diatoms (e.g. Tabellaria flocculosa) in 2007. The common features of the phytoplankton assemblages in both lakes were a tolerance to nutrient and light deficiencies. A cluster analysis of the taxonomic patterns indicated large dissimilarities between the lakes. The phytoplankton assemblages developed under the influence of seasonal conditions, especially in Lake Hańcza. The distinction between metalimnetic and epilimnetic phytoplankton assemblages only appeared in Lake Dejguny.

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Long-term changes of phytoplankton in Lake Niegocin, in the Masurian Lake Region, Poland

Napiórkowska-Krzebietke A., Hutorowicz A.

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies

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2006

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Vol. 35, No.3

209-226

EN

The objective of this study was to determine the change in phytoplankton biomass in Lake Niegocin following modernization of the sewage treatment plant in Giżycko, Poland in 1994. Phytoplankton samples were taken from March to November 1991 – 2001, and chlorophyll levels were determined from 1986 through 2001. High levels of total phytoplankton biomass (max. 8.2 mg l-1) and chlorophyll concentrations (max. 93.9 ?g l-1) were recorded in Lake Niegocin up to 1994. Filamentous cyanoprokaryotes (90%), mainly Planktothrix agardhii and Aphanizomenon flos-aquae, were the most abundant taxa in summer. After modernization of the wastewater treatment plant (1995 to 1999), there was a change in the composition of the phytoplankton, biomass decreased threefold and chlorophyll concentrations fourfold, with dinoflagellates (Peridinium sp. div., Ceratium hirundinella) becoming dominant in the summer. However, increased biomass (max. 6.3 mg l-1) and concentrations of photosynthetic pigments (max. 46.5 ?g l-1) occurred in 2000 and 2001, with the summer phytoplankton dominated by cyanoprokaryotes (e.g. Microcystis aeruginosa, Leptolyngbya thermalis).