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The reflection of human activity in the sediments of Iwankowskie Lake from Subatlantic Phase (Polish Outer Carpathians)

Bucała A., Margielewski W., Starkel L., Buczek K., Zernitskaya V.

Geochronometria

2014

Vol. 41, no. 4

377--391

The paper presents the analysis of organic and mineral sediments filling the depression, which developed over the landslide located at the slope (767–773 m a.s.l.) of Lubań ridge decscending to the Ochotnica river valley in the Polish Flysch Carpathians. The landslide formed in an early stage of the Subatlantic Phase (2490 ± 35 BP). The top of peat is dated at 1360 ± 50 years BP and is covered by 72 cm of clayey silts with some sandy intercalations, which indicate slopewash after deforestation. The pollen of ruderal plants and Cerealia (undiff.) reflect agricultural activity in the surroundings. The fragments of charcoal indicate the age of the forest clearance to the first half of the 17th century. The late forest clearance at the elevated north exposed slopes followed 200–300 years later in relation to the foundation of the village at the valley floor.

Late Glacial-Holocene paleoenvironmental evidence recorded in the Hajduki peat bog (Beskid Średni Mts., Outer Western Carpathians)

Margielewski W., Zernitskaya V.

Folia Quaternaria

2003

nr 74

57-73

In the upper part of the Ziębówka stream valley (a tributary of the Raba River) in the Beskid Średni Mountains, a landslide's peat bog of fen type occurs, which was developed in the Late Glacial. Total thickness of the deposits reaches ca. 3.3 m. The peat bog, filled with decomposed peat, woody osier peat, moss fen peat and sedge peat, is covered by minerogenic sediments (clay) ca. 1.4 m thick. The analysis of the deposits (pollen analysis, radiocarbon datings, lithological studies) have allowed to reconstruct palaeoenvironmental changes in the Late Glacial and the Holocene. Radiocarbon datings obtained from the bottom of the peat bog (13.8 ka and 13.9 ka) suggest that the depression was formed during the Oldest Dryas Stadial. The beginning of peat bog development was dated by pollen analysis at the late Bolling or the early Allerod Interstadials. In the Allerod and Younger Dryas portion of the log, repeated cyclic delivery of minerogenic sediments connected with the permafrost thawing took place. The beginning of the Holocene is very well marked in the log by a gradual delivery of minerogenic sedaments, as an effect of permafrost thawing, related to climatic warming. Minerogenic cover of the peat bog, which was formed at the beginning of the early Subboreal, is preceded by an hiatus, and probably erosional removal of a part of the deposits (BO-AT), due to strong hydrometeorological events connected with the early Subboreal increase in humidity. Minerogenic sediments were deposited during the late Subboreal and the Subatlantic. The horizons of the charcoal accumulation were found in the bottom middle part and at the top of minerogenic cover. These findings suggest that the onset and prolonged sedimentation of minerogenic material in the peat bog was connected with some stages of anthropogenic deforestation in the neighbourhood, during stages of prehistorical and early Middle Age settlement.