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EN
An axial vane rotary engine (AVRE) is a novel type of rotary engines. The engine is a positive displacement mechanism that permits the four “stroke” action to occur in one revolution of the shaft with a minimum number of moving components in comparison to reciprocating engines. In this paper, a two-zone combustion model is developed for a spark ignition AVRE. The combustion chamber is divided into burned and unburned zones and differential equations are developed for the change in pressure and change in temperature in each zone. The modelling is based on equations for energy and mass conservation, equation of state, and burned mass fraction. The assumption is made that both zones are at the same pressure P, and the ignition temperature is the adiabatic flame temperature based on the mixture enthalpy at the onset of combustion. The developed code for engine simulation in MATLAB is applied to another engine and there is a good agreement between results of this code and results related to the engine chosen for validation, so the modelling is independent of configuration.
2
Content available remote Experimental study of flow control over an Ahmed body using plasma actuator
EN
Ahmed Body is a standard and simplified shape of a road vehicle that’s rear part has an important role in flow structure and it’s drag force. In this paper flow control around the Ahmed body with the rear slant angle of 25° studied by using the plasma actuator system situated in middle of the rear slant surface. Experiments conducted in a wind tunnel in two free stream velocities of U = 10 m/s and U = 20 m/s using steady and unsteady excitations. Pressure distribution and total drag force was measured and smoke flow visualization carried out in this study. The results showed that at U = 10 m/s using plasma actuator suppress the separated flow over the rear slant slightly and be effective on pressure distribution. Also total drag force reduces in steady and unsteady excitations for 3.65% and 2.44%, respectively. At U = 20 m/s, using plasma actuator had no serious effect on the pressure distribution and total drag force.
3
EN
Ahmed Body is a standard and simplified shape of a road vehicle that's rear part has an important role in flow structure and it's drag force. In this paper flow control around the Ahmed body with the rear slant angle of 25˚ studied by using the plasma actuator system situated in middle of the rear slant surface. Experiments conducted in a wind tunnel in two free stream velocities of U = 10m/s and U = 20m/s using steady and unsteady excitations. Pressure distribution and total drag force were measured and smoke flow visualization carried out in this study. The results showed that at U = 10m/s using plasma actuator suppress the separated flow over the rear slant slightly and be effective on pressure distribution. Also, total drag force reduces in steady and unsteady excitations for 3.65% and 2.44%, respectively. At U = 20m/s, using plasma actuator had no serious effect on the pressure distribution and total drag force.
EN
Two novel hy drated in or ganic-or ganic hy brids, namely [L-C2H5NO2-H]3[H2BW12O40]ź ź5H2O (1) and [CH4N2O-H]2[H3BW12O40]ź5H2O (2), where C2H5NO2 and CH4N2O are glycine and urea, respectively, have been synthesized and characterized by CHN microanalysis, IR, UV, and 1H NMR spectroscopies. According to the obtained results, molecular structure of 1 consists of tungstoborate anions linked to glycinium cations via van der Waals interactions and hydrogen bonding. Three [L-C2H5NO2-H]+ moieties encompass each [H2BW12O40]3- and, almost certainly, the same is true for 2. The O atoms of polyoxometalates and water, as well as the N atoms of L-glycine and urea are in volved in hydrogen bonding. Characteristic UV bands of the Keggin anion, alfa-H5[BW12O40]ź ź19H2O, are observed at 257 nm, as would be expected.
EN
NMR parameters, quadrupole coupling constants and isotropic chemical shieldings, at the sites of oxygen, nitrogen and hydrogen nuclei were calculated at the level of density functional theory (DFT), to investigate the C-H…O hydrogen bond (HB) properties in 4-methylpyridine-N-oxide (4MPNO). The crystal line coordinates of 4MPNO were obtained from the available neutron diffractions study in the literature and five-molecule cluster consisting of the possible C-H…O HB inter acting molecules was created and considered in the calculations. The obtained results of single molecule and cluster 4MPNO reveal various C-H…O HB influences on NMR parameters. The calculations were performed by Gaussi an 98 program employing B3LYP functional and 6-311++G** and IGLO-II type basis sets.
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