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Analogie miedzy organizmem człowieka a zarządzaniem kopalnią

Stefaniak R., Janik M., Stelak K., Gębiś T.

Przegląd Górniczy

2008

T. 64, nr 9-10

72-78

Autorzy porównują działalność kopalni do funkcjonowania organizmu człowieka. Wskazują i w skrócie opisują liczne, uderzające analogie pomiędzy działaniem organów i układów organizmu człowieka, a działaniem ogniw i systemów kopalni. Oceniają, że wykorzystanie analogii może być pożytecznym i skutecznym narzędziem opisu i analizy stanu, potrzeb i perspektyw w kopalni. Formułują wnioski wynikające z analizy głębszego sensu przytoczonych analogii, które mogą być istotnymi wskazówkami dla menedżerów na wszystkich szczeblach zrządzania kopalnią.

The Authors compare mine operation with the function of the human body. They point out and describe in short striking analogies between operation of organs and systems of the human body and operation of cells and systems of a mine. They asses, that taking advantage of analogies can be useful and effective tool of description and analysis of the state, needs and prospects of a mine. They formulate conclusions resulting from the analysis of the profound sense of the cited analogies, which can be essential hints for the managers on all grades of mine management.

Efekty wzmocnienia skrzyżowania chodników za pomocą kotwi liniowych w KWK "Ziemowit"

Niełacny P., Stelak K., Siodłak Ł.

Przegląd Górniczy

2007

T. 63, nr 12

38-45

Artykuł przedstawia technologię zastosowaną do osadzania kotwi liniowych na spoiwie cementowym w celu wzmocnienia górotworu w rejonie skrzyżowania chodników 663 i 671 w KWK "Ziemowit". Przedstawiono doświadczenia Kopalni w tym zakresie oraz efekt takiego wzmocnienia. Z doświadczeń kopalni wynika możliwość znacznego zmniejszania liczby przebudów newralgicznych odcinków wyrobisk poprzez mniej kosztowne wzmocnienie górotworu wysokim kotwieniem.

The most important task of support is to ensure safety for the working personnel and maintain functioning of the narrow workings during the assumed time period. These tasks are fulfilled as long as support can bear rock mass load [4]. Experience of many prove that specially easy happens the loss of stability of narrow workings situated in the zones of tectonic dislocations as well as in the zones of increased pressures caused by edges or exploitation. In such cases even new concentrated standing support yields to deformation and required by regulations overall dimensions of the working are not kept. To restore functional quality of such workings needs costly reconstructions, during which we are very often forced to exclude the working or to partial limiting its use. Excluding of an important for mine operation working is an enormous difficulty [4,10]. "Ziemowit" mine, as many other mines, contends with difficulties connected with maintenance of entries and their crossing. Mining of a seam causes concentration of stresses which have essential influence on working support state. In the region of the seam 308 where the crossing of the entries 663 and 671 is situated especially distinct influence of mining on the support f workings has been observed. During the longwall run as well as after its completion adjacent has been deformed, what has been manifested in support convergence and floor quelling. The described situations have been observed in each case of longwall mining in this region. The ways of counteraction degradation of development workings used so far consisted in liquidation of the effects of increased loads caused by mining. Reconstruction of entries has been made and what most difficult reconstruction of crossings of those entries as well. In the present economic situation of mines as well as high steel prices alternative solutions, limiting costly reconstructions, should be looked for. Among others such a solution could be reinforcement of the rock mass by long bolts installed between the frames of ŁP support. This operation causes reduction of standing support and working floor load. Carried out numerical analysis shows more favourable distribution of rock mass stresses in the surrounding of such working. In connection with the described difficulties the "Ziemowit" mine took up the attempt of reduction of exploitation stresses effects on entries 663 and 671 crossing by reinforcement of rock mass by means of rope bolts.