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Biopolishing of Domestic Wastewater Using Polyvinyl Alcohol – Supported Biofilm of Bacterial Strain Bacillus velezensis Isolate JB7

Othman Muhammad Faidsyafiq, Hasan Hassimi Abu, Muhamad Mohd Hafizuddin, Babaqi Badiea S.

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2023

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Vol. 24, nr 8

33--42

EN

Water pollution occurs due to the discharge of domestic waste mixed with residential, industrial, commercial, and agricultural wastewater. Conventional water treatment methods using aerobic/anaerobic methods can cause problems with the production of high green gases and result in the greenhouse effect. Microbial-based domestic sewage treatment technology using polyvinyl alcohol biofilm supporting media was introduced as an alternative measure to overcome this problem. The objective of the study was to determine the performance of polyvinyl alcohol beads in polishing domestic wastewater. In this study, the bacterium Bacillus velezensis isolate JB7 was used together with PVA as a raw material to treat domestic sewage wastewater more efficiently and stably. The results of the study show the effectiveness of domestic wastewater treatment in several factors such as pH value, chemical oxygen demand, phosphorus, nitrate, nitrite, ammonia, and total suspended solids. As conclusion, domestic wastewater treatment methods using polyvinyl alcohol beads are seen to be effective, reducing the use of sewage waste plant construction sites and able to avoid the use of non-recyclable materials such as plastics and synthetics.

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Simultaneous Adsorption of Ternary Antibiotics (Levoﬂoxacin, Meropenem, and Tetracycline) by SunFlower Husk Coated with Copper Oxide Nanoparticles

Ibrahim Mohammed A., Shaban Mohammed Ali A., Hasan Yaseen Rashid, M-Ridha Mohanad J., Hussein Haitham A., Abed Khalid M., Mohammed Sabah J., Muhamad Mohd Hafizuddin, Hasan Hassimi Abu

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 23, nr 6

30--42

EN

In this study, a new adsorbent derived from sunflower husk powder and coated in CuO nanoparticles (CSFH) was investigated to evaluate the simultaneous adsorption of Levofloxacin (LEV), Meropenem (MER), and Tetracycline (TEC) from an aqueous solution. Significant improvements in the adsorption capacity of the sunflower husk were identified after the powder particles had been coated in CuO nanoparticles. Kinetic data were correlated using a pseudo-second-order model, and was successful for the three antibiotics. Moreover, high compatibility was identified between the LEV, MER, and TEC, isotherm data, and the Langmuir model, which produced a better fit to suit the isotherm curves. In addition, the spontaneous and exothermic nature of the adsorption process was crucial for transforming the three antibiotics into CSFH. The greatest CSFH adsorption capacity was in MER (131.83 mg/g), followed by TEC (96.95 mg/g), and LEV (62.24 mg/g). These findings thus indicate that CSFH is one of the most effective and efficient adsorbents to use for eliminating wastewater contaminated with antibiotic residue.

3

Recent Challenges of Biogas Production and its Conversion to Electrical Energy

Syahri Siti Noor Khaleeda Mhd, Abu Hasan Hassimi, Abdullah Siti Rozaimah Sheikh, Othman Ahmad Razi, Abdul Peer Mohamed, Azmy Raja Farzarul Hanim Raja, Muhamad Mohd Hafizuddin

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2022

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Vol. 23, nr 3

251--269

EN

A pressing concern of issues such as climate change has drawn main attention in the world. The burning of fossil fuels by human due to increasing energy demand in various sectors is one of the main factors that influence the climate change. This has resulted in the introduction of many renewable energy sources as alternatives to fossil fuels. Biogas is one type of renewable energy that has numerous advantages. The present review covers the recent challenges of biogas production and its conversion to electrical energy. This includes the substrates used, the operating parameters, and the pre-treatment used, which can be implemented to maximise the biogas yield. The challenges and potential of the generation of electricity from biogas were also discussed in this review. The results obtained in this review emphasise that biogas is a good renewable energy, as it solves multiple problems and at the same brings benefits to human beings in many ways.

4

Physico-chemical and Biological Techniques of Bisphenol A Removal in an Aqueous Solution

Juan Donald Anak, Hasan Hassimi Abu, Muhamad Mohd Hafizuddin, Abdullah Siti Rozaimah Sheikh, Abu Bakar Siti Nur Hatika, Buhari Junaidah

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2021

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Vol. 22, nr 9

136--148

EN

Bisphenol A (BPA) is widely used in everyday life and can be found everywhere, including in the ecosystem and manufactured goods. BPA not only has a negative impact in low doses, but it also has biological and pathophysiological implications for obesity and hormonal effects. The objectives of this paper were to review the BPA removal technology and the factors that influence the BPA removal based on biological methods. BPA elimination from water is crucial for environmental protection, in terms of biological treatment. In addition, the future prospect of biological removal of BPA indicates that effective microorganism cultures could disturb the pathogen growth and increase composition rate of BPA. The biological technology by the implementation of microorganisms for the removal of BPA through break down of organic contaminants is straightforward, money saving, and widely acknowledged by the public.

5

Effective Iron-Accumulating Bacteria Isolated from Chemical Laboratory Drainage for Iron Removal

Hasan Hassimi Abu, Jamal Nuradila, Abdullah Siti Rozaimah Sheikh, Abu Bakar Siti Nur Hatika, Muhamad Mohd Hafizuddin, Li Xiangkun

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2021

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Vol. 22, nr 2

187--194

EN

Improperly treated heavy metal wastewater discharged into water sources could cause a serious issue for the environment. The aim of this study was to bioaccumulate iron (Fe) using native bacteria isolated from the laboratory drainage water containing a high concentration of iron. The experiment was conducted in 250 mL conical flasks containing 150 mL Fe solution in concentrations of 25, 100, and 250 mg/L, respectively. Approximately 10% of bacteria inoculum was cultivated in each Fe concentration for 24 and 48 hours. The results showed that Pseudomonas hibiscicola was identified as an effective iron-accumulating species of bacteria. The species could remove Fe up to 82% (25 mg/L), 77.8% (100 mg/L) and 32% (250 mg/L). This promising result indicates that the native bacteria isolated from the environment pose a great potential for the remediation of wastewater containing iron.

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Development of Adsorbent from Phytoremediation Plant Waste for Methylene Blue Removal

Alshekhli Atyaf Farooq, Hasan Hassimi Abu, Muhamad Mohd Hafizuddin, Abdullah Siti Rozaimah Sheikh

Journal of Ecological Engineering

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2020

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Vol. 21, nr 8

207--215

EN

Dyes are considered to be hazardous, have low biodegradability and can affect the human health as well as the aquatic life cycle. This research investigated the methylene blue (MB) removal using an activated carbon matrix of Scirpus grouss (waste that was initially used for phytoremediation of soil). The experiment was conducted in a flask containing 0.5 g AC-SC with MB concentrations of 5 and 15 mg/L. The adsorption was monitored for 120 sec. The results showed complete removal of MB within a contact time of 30 sec using 6-AC. The surface morphology analysis showed that at 6-AC, the structure was more porous. The ultimate potential of activated carbon prepared from the phytoremediation plant waste would be the best alternative for the water and wastewater treatment, while it provides an alternative to the phytoremediation waste management process.