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PL
W ocenie pracy nowych technologii silnikowych, a także w badaniu paliw alternatywnych parametrem diagnostycznym bardzo szybko reagującym na wprowadzane zmiany jest przebieg chwilowego wywiązywania się ciepła wyznaczony na podstawie przebiegu ciśnienia. Autorzy niniejszego artykułu sądzą, że tylko przez ciągłe śledzenie, najlepiej w czasie rzeczywistym, termodynamicznych parametrów czynnika roboczego możliwy jest dalszy rozwój systemów zarządzających organizacją spalania.
EN
The course of instantaneous heat evolution is a diagnostic parameter which is significantly sensitive to the introduced changes. Such diagnostic parameter is also used for evaluating the new engine technologies and for testing alternative types of fuel. The writers of this paper are fully convinced that constant monitoring (preferably in real time) of the thermodynamic parameters of the working medium will enable to develop systems of managing the process of combustion.
PL
W pracy przedstawiono diagnostyczną metodę badania procesu spalania, polegającą na analizie przebiegu wywiązywania się z ciepła. Omówiono wykorzystywane dotychczas modele, umożliwiające jego wyznaczanie, zwracając uwagę na przyjęte założenia i stosowane uproszczenia. Zebrano znajdujące się w literaturze przebiegi wywiązywania się ciepła, dotyczące różnych parametrów stanu i opisano je parametrami bezwymiarowymi. Na tej podstawie przeprowadzono analizę zależności pomiędzy parametrami operacyjnymi a otrzymanymi parametrami sygnału. Szczegółowej analizie poddano wpływ współczynnika składu powietrza, współczynnika resztek spalin i chwili zapłonu na przebieg wywiązywania się ciepła. Wyniki tych analiz zostały zweryfikowane doświadczalnie. Na podstawie tych wyników przedstawiono wnioski, wskazujące na możliwość opracowania poprawnego przebiegu spalania, który może być podstawą wyznaczania parametrów operacyjnych przy zasilaniu silnika zasilanego benzyną z dodatkiem etanolu oraz LPG. Wyznaczono według opracowanego algorytmu wywiązywanie się ciepła, a otrzymane parametry sygnału pozwoliły na ocenę przebiegu spalania paliw alternatywnych. Opracowana metoda wykorzystująca wielowymiarową informację zawartą w przebiegu ciśnienia pozwala bardziej precyzyjnie określić wpływ parametrów operacyjnych na nieliniowy przebieg procesu spalania. Rezultaty badań pozwoliły na opracowanie zasad oceny poprawności procesu spalania paliw alternatywnych w różnych systemach spalania. Metoda ta szczególnie swoją przydatność wykazuje przy analizie procesów dających podobny przebieg ciśnienia.
EN
The paper presents diagnostic method of combustion process examination based on the analysis of heat release. Models which have been used up till now, and which enabled heat emission was discussed. Models which have been used up till now, and which enabled heat emission was discussed. Attention was given to accepted assumptions and applied simplifications. All information available in the literature on heat emission course, concerning different state parameters were gleaned and described by means of parameters determined from J. Wibeg's function. On such basis, the analysis of dependence between operational parameters and obtained signal parameters was made. The influence of air composition coefficient, residual gases and ignition time upon heat emission course was also analysed. Results of these analyses have been verified experimentally. Presentation of conclusions showed the possibility of elaborating correct combustion course, which could be the base for determining operational parameters for alternative fuel application. The next step was to verify suggested diagnostic system by testing an engine fuelled by petrol with ethanol and LPG additives. Heat emission was determined after elaborated model. Obtained signal parameters allowed to evaluate the course of alternative fuels combustion. The evolved method, which uses multidimensional information present in pressure course, makes it possible to determine more precisely the influence of operational parameters upon non linear course of combustion process. Examination results allowed to elaborate the evaluation principles for alternative fuels combustion process correctness in different combustion systems. This method is particularly useful when analyzing processes which not differ much.
EN
The paper presents the mechanisms that cause impurity formation (IVD, CCD) and factors influencing these mechanisms. The effects of impurities and necessity of their reduction in modern engines have also been discussed. On the basis of such effects the influence of applied deposit control (DC) has been presented.
EN
The paper presents the mechanisms that cause impurity formation (IVD, CCD) and factors influencing these mechanisms. The effects of impurities and necessity of their reduction in modern engines have also been discussed. On the basis of such effects the influence of applied deposit control (DC) has been presented.
EN
The paper presents the mechanisms that cause impurity formation (IVD, CCD) and factors influencing these mechanisms. The effects of impurities and necessity of their reduction in modern engines have also been discussed. On the basis of such effects the influence of applied deposit control (DC) has been presented.
EN
The paper presents the mechanisms that cause impurity formation (IVD, CCD) and factors influencing these mechanisms. The effects of impurities and necessity of their reduction in modern engines have also been discussed. On the basis of such effects the influence of applied deposit control (DC) has been presented.
EN
The paper presents the mechanisms that cause impurity formation (IVD, CCD) and factors influencing these mechanisms. The effects of impurities and necessity of their reduction in modern engines have also been discussed. On the basis of such effects the influence of applied deposit control (DC) has been presented.
EN
The paper presents the mechanisms that cause impurity formation (IVD, CCD) and factors influencing these mechanisms. The effects of impurities and necessity of their reduction in modern engines have also been discussed. On the basis of such effects the influence of applied deposit control (DC) has been presented.
EN
The paper presents the mechanisms that cause impurity formation (IVD, CCD) and factors influencing these mechanisms. The effects of impurities and necessity of their reduction in modern engines have also been discussed. On the basis of such effects the influence of applied deposit control (DC) has been presented.
EN
The paper presents the mechanisms that cause impurity formation (IVD, CCD) and factors influencing these mechanisms. The effects of impurities and necessity of their reduction in modern engines have also been discussed. On the basis of such effects the influence of applied deposit control (DC) has been presented.
EN
The paper presents influence of ethanol containing gasolines on operating parameters of SI engines. Introduction of ethanol decreases temperature of combustion. However, this influence is dependent on engine construction.
EN
The paper presents influence of ethanol containing gasolines on operating parameters of SI engines. Introduction of ethanol decreases temperature of combustion. However, this influence is dependent on engine construction.
EN
Environmental projection requirements, increased cost of fuel and other factors call for the continuous improvement of I. C. engine (internal combustion engine). It can however, be done to certain limits, taking into account worthwhileness. Cumulated engine efficiency is rather small. Development of electronics and progress to build more efficient devices. Their application in motor vehicles should be considered. What is more, fuel which could be applied should be well thought of.
EN
Environmental projection requirements, increased cost of fuel and other factor call for the continuous improvement of I. C. engine (internal combustion engine). It can however, be done to certain limits, taking into account worthwhileness. Cumulated engine efficiency is rather small. Development of electronics and progress to build more efficient devices. Their application in motor vehicles should be considered. What is more, fuel which could be applied should be well thought of.
EN
Environmental projection requirements, increased cost of fuel and other factors call for the continuous improvement of I. C. engine (internal combustion engine). It can however, be done to certain limits, taking into account worthwhileness. Cumulated angine efficiency is rather small. Dvelopment of electronics and progress to build more efficient devices. Their application in motor vehicles should be considered. What is more, fuel which could be applied should be well thought of.
EN
Environmental projection requirements, increased cost of fuel and other factors call for the continuous improvement of I. C. engine (internal combustion engine). It can however, be done to certain limits, taking into account worthwhileness. Cumulated engine efficiency is rather small. Development of electronics and progress to build more efficient devices. Their application in motor vehicles should be considered. What is more, fuel which could be applied should be well thought of.
EN
Environmental projection requirements, increased cost of fuel and other factors call for the continuous improvement of I. C. engine (internal combustion engine). It can however, be done to certain limits, taking into account worthwhileness. Cumulated engine efficiency is rather small. Development of electronic and progress to build more efficient devices. Their application in motor vehicles should be considered. What is more, fuel which could be applied should be well thought of.
EN
The effects of biodiesels and oxygenated synthetic fuels upon the combusion process has been presented in the paper. Adding the fuel which contains oxygen atoms into conventional hydrocarbonate fuel causes that the parameter defining the self- igniting properties becomes more dependent on temperature. Fuel containing oxygen additives despite high cetane number determined in conventional way, in lower temperatures feature worse self- igniting properties. However self- igniting is easier at higher temperatures.
EN
The effects of biodiesel and oxygenated synthetic fuels upon the combusion process has been presented in the paper. Adding the fuel which contains oxygen atoms into conventional hydrocarbonate fuel causes that the parameter defining the self- igniting properties becomes more dependent on temperature. Fuel containing oxygen additives despite high cetane number determined in conventional way, in lower temperatures feature worse self- igniting properties. However self- igniting is easier at higher temperatures.
EN
The effects of biodiesels and oxygenated synthetic fuels upon the combusion process has been presented in the paper. Adding the fuel which contains oxygen atoms into conventional hydrocarbonate fuel causes that the parameter defining the self-igniting properties becomes more dependent on temperature. Fuel containig oxygen additives despite high cetane number determined in conventional way, in lower temperatures feature worse self-igniting properties. However self-igniting is easier at higher temperatures.
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