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The impact of employment restriction on the risk of an accident at work in the mining industry in Poland

Małysa Tomasz, Nowacki Krzysztof, Łakomy Karolina, Lykholat Svitlana

Production Engineering Archives

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2024

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Vol. 30, Iss. 1

67--74

EN

The European Union's energy policy has necessitated a reduction in coal mining, with significant consequences for occupational safety within the industry. This study investigates the correlation between employment reduction and accident risk within Poland's mining sector during 2006-2020, a period marked by over a 40% decrease in coal extraction and a corresponding 30% decrease in mining employment. An escalation in the relative risk (RR) of accidents was observed, increasing from 1.28 to 2.33. More critically, the RR of fatal accidents rose from 2.54 to 8.22 by 2019. Analysis revealed a critical employment threshold: a fall in mining employment below 140,000 is associated with a marked increase in accident risk, particularly fatal accidents. A linear model was developed to suggest that a reduction in the RR of accidents to 0.7 is requisite to achieve a national average risk for fatal accidents (RR = 1). The findings advocate for targeted safety interventions and propose a preventive strategy model. The implications are vital for policymakers and industry stakeholders aiming to improve worker safety in response to employment changes within the mining sector

2

Application of the creeping trend model for forecasting of accident events in the steel industry in Poland

Małysa Tomasz

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2023

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z. 170

313--324

EN

Purpose: The aim of the study to assess the possibility of using the creeping trend model in the forecasting of accidents at work in the steel sector in Poland, was presented. Design/methodology/approach: A four-stage research methodology was used to analyze the accident rate trend in the steel sector, based on: collecting empirical data, forecasting (creeping trend model), qualitative assessment of forecasts and determining the direction of activities in the field of health and safety. Findings: Based on the conducted research, it was found that it is possible to use the creeping trend model in forecasting the number of persons injured in accidents at work. The forecasts and their acceptance based on the criteria adopted in the methodology of own work made it possible to determine the directions of activities in the field of occupational health and safety in the steel sector in Poland. Research limitation/implications: The conducted analyses were limited to statistical data published by Statistic Poland. Forecasts of the number of persons injured in accidents in the steel sector were possible to determine thanks to the forecasting process using the creeping trend model. The forecasts are subject to errors, which is why it is important to interpret them more broadly, taking into account the specificity of the industry being the subject of the analyses. Practical implications: The forecasts can be important information on health and safety issues for the steel sector in Poland. The use of the creeping trend model, with the fulfillment of methodological assumptions (qualitative ocean of forecasts), can be useful in determining the direction of OSH activities in enterprises. Social implications: The article addresses the issue of the occurrence of accidents at work, the implementation of effective preventive measures in order to reduce them. Originality/value: The article presents the possibility of using the creeping trend model in the forecasting of the total number of persons injured in accidents in the steel sector in Poland. The forecasts and trend analysis can provide information for employers and employees of health and safety services regarding the effectiveness of the implemented preventive measures.

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The role of visual management in the organization of safe work in production companies

Furman Joanna, Małysa Tomasz

Production Engineering Archives

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2023

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Vol. 29, Iss. 2

195-200

EN

The role of visual management in the organization of safe work in production companies Workers play a superior role in the production process because they are responsible for its proper functioning (e.g. process efficiency, quality, technical condition of usage machines), and are also responsible for safety at work. The issue of work safety should be a crucial factor in the process of introducing changes in the company. The introduced changes should take into account safe working conditions and reduce the number of potential accidents, therefore employers should implement solutions aimed at improving work safety. One of the tools that can affect work safety is visual management (VM). The use of various forms of VM enables immediate response to emerging problems, which may translate into an increase in employees' awareness of health and safety issues. The article presents the possibilities of using of visual management tools in manufacturing companies in terms of improving work safety. The proposed solutions can be used by enterprises that register accidents at work and take actions to increase employees' awareness of occupational safety and health (OSH).

4

Visual solutions as a way to improve work safety when using machines – selected aspects of VM

Małysa Tomasz, Furman Joanna

Management Systems in Production Engineering

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2023

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nr 1 (31)

53--58

EN

The issue of ensuring work safety during the use of machines plays a key role due to the recorded accident events, the source of which are the machines in use. In the scope of reducing the risk associated with machines, particular attention should be paid to the threats, as well as solutions allowing to limit their negative impact on the operator. The study presents the possibility of using visual management (VM) as a form of information transfer that allows to meet the requirements set out in legal regulations, as well as reduce the risk of accidents. The machines in question were assessed for the possibility of using various forms of visual management to reduce the risk of accidents. The investigations were also supplemented with an analysis of accident statistics to present the importance of using visual management in improving the safety of machine operators' work. The conducted analyzes allowed to determine the direction of activities in the use of various forms of visual management aimed at improving the safety of machine operators.

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Zastosowanie wybranych narzędzi Lean Manufacturing i jakości w zakresie poprawy organizacji produkcji

Jękal Agnieszka, Małysa Tomasz

Zarządzanie Przedsiębiorstwem

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2022

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Vol. 25, nr 1-2

2--6

EN

The study the possibility of using selected tools/methods of the Lean Manufacturing concept and tools supporting quality management in reducing production problems, was presented. The own research was divided into three stages in which production problems were identified, methods of reducing them were identified, and their effectiveness in terms of problem elimination/reduction was assessed. It was possible to identify the causes of the problems thanks to the 5Why method and the cause and effect diagram (Ishikawa diagram). In terms of the methods/tools of the Lean Manufacturing concept, the following were used: 5S method, visual management, One Point Lesson (OPL), Kaizen, Total Productive Maintenance (TPM). Own research was carried out in the automotive industry. The identified production problems include: stoppage of the production line, incorrect bending process, waste. Each of the methods/tools used had a different effect on limiting the identified production problems. For the purposes of the study, a three-point scale was also adopted, allowing to determine the impact of tools/methods on reducing the identified problems. Therefore, it turned out to be important to implement several methods/tools simultaneously. The implemented methods allowed for the effective limitation of the occurrence of the identified problems.

6

Analiza wypadkowości w transporcie i gospodarce magazynowej w aspekcie poprawy bezpieczeństwa pracy

Małysa Tomasz, Szymszal Jan, Gajdzik Bożena

Gospodarka Materiałowa i Logistyka

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2021

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nr 9

32--41

PL

Artykuł ma charakter teoretyczno-praktyczny z analizą statystyczną. W opracowaniu przedstawiono problematykę występowania zdarzeń wypadkowych zarejestrowanych dla działalności transportowej i gospodarki magazynowej w Polsce w latach 2014–2019 (analiza sześcioletnia). Przeprowadzona analiza obejmowała wyznaczenie wskaźników wypadkowości: częstości i ciężkości następstw. Analizie poddano także cechy demograficzne osób poszkodowanych, takie jak: płeć, wiek, staż pracy. Na podstawie przeprowadzonych analiz dokonano oceny bezpieczeństwa pracy w zakresie działalności transportowej i gospodarki magazynowej. Przeprowadzone badania pozwoliły na określenie grup pracowniczych najczęściej ulegających wypadkom przy pracy. Celem opracowania była ocena bezpieczeństwa pracy w zakresie działalności transportowej i gospodarki magazynowej ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem i wskazaniem grup zawodowych, na które należy zwracać szczególną uwagę podczas szkoleń w obszarze budowania świadomości bezpiecznych zachowań w miejscu pracy. Identyfikacja grup zawodowych, w których najczęściej rejestruje się wypadki, i zastosowanie skutecznej profilaktyki ochronnej, szkoleniowej może przekładać się na poprawę bezpieczeństwa pracy.

EN

The article is of a theoretical and practical nature and it contains a statistical analysis. It presents the problem of the occurrence of accidents reported for transport activities and storage in Poland in 2014–2019 (a six-year analysis). The analysis included the determination of accident rates: frequency and severity of consequences. The demographic characteristics of the injured persons, such as sex, age, length of service, were also analyzed. The conducted analyzes allowed for an assessment of occupational safety in the field of transport activities and storage. The conducted study made it possible to identify groups of workers that are most often exposed to accidents at work. The aim of the study was to assess occupational safety in the field of transport activities and storage, taking particular account of and identifying professional groups to which special attention should be paid during training in the area of building awareness of safe behavior in the workplace. Identification of professional groups in which accidents are most often registered and the application of effective protective and training prophylaxis may translate into an improvement in work safety.

7

Work safety with usage of the machines - methodology of an evaluation of fulfilling the requirements of legal regulations

Małysa Tomasz

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

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2020

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z. 143

163--176

EN

Purpose: The methodology for assessing compliance with legal requirements in machine plant purchased old and new (often imported from third countries) and used in Polish industry was presented. Application of the presented methodology may be one of the actions allowing verification compliance with legal requirements. Design/methodology/approach: The advanced methodology for assessing machinery compliance with legal requirements. Findings: On the basis of research and analyzes, non-compliance in the scope of minimum requirements was found. A proposal of solutions improving the safety of the analyzed machine plant was also presented. Research limitations/implications: Safety related to machine operation plays a key role for the EU economy. Therefore, the utilized machinery meeting legal requirements is an important element. The author, in carrying out machine compliance assessments, will present in subsequent studies research on safety areas for which the occurrence of non-compliance is most often identified. Practical implications: Application of the developed methodology may facilitate the implementation of works related to the assessment of machine safety. Social implications: The implementation of solutions focused on ensuring work safety is a manifestation of the involvement of the top management in shaping the OSH culture. Originality/value: The article presents a proposal for a methodology for assessing whether the machine plant used in industry meet with compliance to legal requirements. The presented methodology can be used by producers and employers.

8

Use of Selected Adaptive Models to Forecast Accidents During the Repair, Maintenance, Installation of Machines and Equipment

Małysa Tomasz

Multidisciplinary Aspects of Production Engineering

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2020

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Vol. 3, Iss. 1

141--149

EN

In the article the possibility of using selected adaptive models to forecast accidents at work during repairing, maintaining and installing machines, was presented. On the basis of statistical data on persons injured in accidents at work (2009-2018), the process of their forecasting was carried out (for 2019 and the years 2019-2021) and the errors of expired forecasts were determined. Prediction of empirical data allowed for the assessment of accident rates among persons injured in total accidents and allowed for the assessment of the state of occupational safety in the area with was analyzed. The presented models can be used to assess accidents in other sectors of the economy and be a tool used to assess the state of occupational safety in an enterprise.

9

Zastosowanie norm zharmonizowanych w zakresie spełnienia minimalnych wymagań bezpieczeństwa dla maszyn

Małysa Tomasz, Jagosz Grzegorz

Hutnik, Wiadomości Hutnicze

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2020

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Vol. 87, nr 10

242--246

PL

W przedsiębiorstwach branży metalurgicznej eksploatowane są maszyny, które zgodnie z przepisami prawnymi powinny spełniać wymagania minimalne lub zasadnicze. Jednym z najczęściej występujących problemów jest spełnienie lub utrzymywanie maszyn w zakresie wymagań minimalnych. Spełnienie wymagań ustawodawcy oraz ograniczanie ryzyka jest możliwe dzięki wykorzystaniu norm zharmonizowanych. Zastosowanie norm zharmonizowanych, w których zawarte są dobre praktyki pozwala pracodawcom na spełnianie ustawowych obowiązków oraz poprawę bezpieczeństwa pracy, a tym samym ograniczenie liczby wypadków, które mają miejsce podczas eksploatacji maszyn.

EN

In the enterprises of the metallurgical industry, machines are used which, in accordance with legal regulations, should meet the minimum or essential requirements. One of the most common problems is meeting or maintaining machines within the minimum requirements. Meeting the legislator's requirements and reducing the risk is possible thanks to the use of harmonized standards. The application of harmonized standards, which include good practices, allows employers to comply with statutory obligations and improve work safety, thus limiting the number of accidents that occur during the operation of machinery.

10

Bezpieczeństwo maszyn w branży metalurgicznej – teoria i praktyka

Małysa Tomasz

Hutnik, Wiadomości Hutnicze

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2020

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Vol. 87, nr 3

17--21

PL

Zapewnienie pracownikom bezpiecznych i higienicznych warunków pracy jest podstawowym obowiązkiem każdego pracodawcy. W przedsiębiorstwach branży metalurgicznej pracownicy użytkują maszyny, które zgodnie z obowiązującymi przepisami prawnymi powinny spełniać wymagania minimalne lub zasadnicze. Kluczowym elementem w przypadku wspomnianych wymagań, jest nie tylko ich spełnienie, ale przede wszystkim ich utrzymywanie przez cały okres eksploatacji maszyny. W opracowaniu przedstawiono listę formalnych obszarów, które należy zweryfikować podczas zakupu maszyny. Wybór obszarów podyktowany był występującymi niezgodnościami w zakresie wymagań zasadniczych. Praktyczna ocena spełniania wymagań wstępnych, na podstawie opracowanej listy, przeprowadzona została dla wybranych maszyn przemysłowych.

EN

Ensuring employees safe and hygienic working conditions is the basic responsibility of every employer. In enterprises of the metallurgical industry, employees use machines that, in accordance with applicable legal provisions, should meet minimum or essential requirements. The key element in the case of these requirements is not only their fulfillment, but above all their maintenance throughout the life of the machine. The article a list of formal areas that should be verified when purchasing the machine was presented. The choice of areas was dictated by the inconsistencies in the scope of essential requirements. The practical assessment of meeting the initial requirements, based on the developed list, was carried out for selected industrial machines.

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Work Safety During Usage, Repair and Maintenance of Machines - a Review of Work Safety in the Aspect of Accidents at Work

Małysa Tomasz

New Trends in Production Engineering

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2019

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Vol. 2, Iss. 2

151-161

EN

The usage, repair and maintenance of machines is one of the areas in which it still records a significant number of accident events. The occurrence of accidents at work generates social and economic costs for the enterprise. Therefore, employers should be take measures to improve safety at the workplace. The publication presents an accident analysis based on a comparison of the following measures: accident rates (i.e. number of accidents, event effects) and ratio analysis (frequency rate indicator and total accident rate indicator). Calculated indicators allowed to determine the accident rate during the usage, repair and maintenance of machines. The analysis covered a five-year period - i.e. 2013-2017. On the basis of the analyzes carried out, the proposal was presented of possible prevention solutions to reduce the number of accidents at work.

12

Methodology of conformity assessment with the essential requirements for electrotechnical products

Małysa Tomasz

Multidisciplinary Aspects of Production Engineering

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2019

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Vol. 2, Iss. 1

265--273

EN

The article presents a methodical approach to conformity assessment related to the introduction, putting into service on the European market of electrical or electrotechnical products. The developed methodology can be an effective control tool, allowing to assess whether all activities within the conformity assessment performed by the manufacturer have been carried out. The aim of the study is to present the possibility of adapting the developed methodology of approach to the assessment of compliance with the essential requirements in industrial conditions. In the case of the industry being analyzed, the basis for conformity assessment is the requirements set out in the New Approach Directives. The essential requirements set out in New Approach Directives must be met if the product is placed on the market or putting into service. The article presents the implementation of the conformity assessment process based on harmonized standards with the directives related to the product in question. The application of harmonized standards in the conformity assessment process allowed the manufacturer to use the so-called principles of presumption of conformity, referred to in the Act on conformity assessment systems and market surveillance.