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Aquatics Macroinvertebrate Diversity and Bio-Assessment of the Quality of the Middle Wadi Oum Er-Rbia (Morocco)

Ilham Saad, Amal Abou Elghayt, El Mahdi Hbaiz, El Hassania Saad, Sanae Rezouki, Allal Douira, Mohamed Fadli

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

2022

Vol. 23, iss. 6

53--60

The Oum Er Rbia river in Morocco is particularly threatened by lack of appropriate management. It is in this context, this study of the biological diversity of benthic macroinvertebrates in the middle zone of Oum Er Rbia river and the evaluation of the biological quality of water at this level, during a campaign carried out in April 2018. The results show that the stations upstream of the two sources of agricultural and industrial pollution represented by the stations (S1, S3, S4, S5 and S6), the biodiversity is important and the water is of good quality. So that the discharge of wastewater from the city of Kasba Tadla (S2) and Dar Ouled Zaidouh correspond to the station S7 has caused a reduction in diversity and a degradation of water quality of Oum Er Rbia river. We also noted a significant improvement in water quality away from Dar Ouled Zaidouh by 5 km from sources of pollution, which demonstrates the purifying power of the water of the Oum Er Rbia river.

Anthropogenic Activities Impact on the Physicochemical and Bacteriological Quality of Water in Dayat Roumi Lake, Morocco

Ihsane Ougrad, Zahra Elassassi, Imad Allali, Mohammed Elbouch, Abdeslam Abid, Mohamed Fadli

Ecological Engineering & Environmental Technology

2022

Vol. 23, iss. 4

162--172

Dayat Roumi Lake, a vast body of permanent and shallow water in Morocco, is exposed to urban, tourist, and agricultural constraints. This human intervention can lead to microbial pollution of the lake ecosystem, hence the need to assess this contamination. For this reason, we undertook in this study an evaluation of the microbiological quality of the lake’s water. Thus, seasonal water samples were taken at eight selected stations, taking into account the reception sites of the tributaries and anthropic activities. The parameters determined were: temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), electrical conductivity, biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), ammonium, nitrates, orthophosphates, total phosphate, total coliforms, fecal coliforms and fecal streptococci. The results reveal: (1) A high water conductivity exceeding the admissible value recommended by the Moroccan standard; (2) A significant presence of coliforms and fecal streptococci, in dry periods, exceeding the standards set by the WHO, which could be attributed to a summer temperature favorable to the development of coliforms. This fecal contamination leads to an increased consumption of dissolved oxygen (high BOD and low DO values) explaining the fish mortality in this period of the year; (3) The principal component analysis identified the sources of water quality degradation as domestic sewage, agricultural run-off, domestic waste, and human and animal excreta; (4) The hierarchical analysis divided the sampling stations into three different clusters. The results of the microbiological quality index classified the waters from not to highly polluted. Station 4 was classified as the most polluted site. The results of the COD/BOD ratio showed a spatial and temporal heterogeneity of the biodegradability of the oxidizable matter present in the lake waters.

The Impact of Physicochemical Parameters and Heavy Metals on the Biodiversity of Benthic Macrofauna in the Inaouene Wadi (Taza, North East Morocco)

Sanae Rezouki, Aimad Allali, Karim Berady, Jamaa Habchaoui, Noureddine Eloutassi, Mohamed Fadli

Journal of Ecological Engineering

2021

Vol. 22, nr 7

231--241

The present study aimed to study the diversity and density of the benthic fauna along the Inaouene wadi in relation to the variation of physicochemical parameters and heavy metals at six sampling stations representing the major part of the studied watercourses. The samples were taken during March and April 2019. The fauna recorded in this work consists of 2029 individuals corresponding to 39 families and 10 orders. The benthic population size showed that Oligochaetes, Diptera, Heteroptera, Trichoptera and Ephemeroptera are dominant. The diversity indices of Shannon and Weaver, and Piélou show that station S6 favors a better development of macroinvertebrates. This is confirmed by the values of physicochemical parameters and studied noble metals lord which shows that the stations S1, S3, S4 have poor water quality, compared to S6 and S5, the waters of which are of good quality, reflecting the self-purifying action of the watercourses between Wadi Amlil and Idriss I dam.