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1 Journal of Ecological Engineering

1 2022

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Biodiesel Production of Palm Oil Mill Effluent by Using Hydrotalcite Catalyst

Agustina Tuty Emilia, Heraldy Eddy, Hadiah Fitri, Hasanudin, Arita Susila, Prakoso Tirto, Sari Tuti Indah, Suprapto Bhakti Yudho, Putra Muhammad Firdaus Kusuma, Ramadhani Dimas Luthfi

Journal of Ecological Engineering

2022

Vol. 23, nr 6

172--181

Biodiesel is currently preferred for consumption and has been widely used as a substitute for diesel. This study aimed to determine the effect of various methanol-to-oil ratios in the esterification process and also the effect of hydrotalcite catalyst weight on the transesterification product. The catalyst was characterized with SEM, XRD, FTIR, and TG-DTG-DTA. The esterification process was operated at various oil-to-methanol ratios, i.e., 1:12–1:36 and the transesterification was performed using several catalyst weights, 0.5%–2.5%. The results showed that the optimum conditions of esterification were at the 1:30 molar ratio of oil-to-methanol, which decreased the amount of acid number by 95.75%, while the optimum condition of transesterification was at 1.5% catalyst weight. The characteristics of biodiesel using 0.5–2% hydrotalcite catalyst (acid number, total glycerol, free glycerol, ester levels, viscosity, density, oxidation stability) have met the Indonesian biodiesel standard of SNI-04-7182-2012.