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The evaluation of energy from grapevine shoots used as biomass depending on the cultivar

Klimek Kamila E., Kapłan Magdalena, Maj Grzegorz

Journal of Water and Land Development

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2023

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no. 58

120--128

EN

The article examines the influence of physicochemical traits on yield depending on the variety and year of cultivation. Four common to Poland grape cultivars, i.e. ‘Regent’, ‘Rondo’, ‘Seyval Blanc’, and ‘Solaris’, were evaluated by analysing, among others, number of clusters per bush, their weight, number of berries, and the yield per hectare, number of woody shoots, weight of woody shoots, and the diameter of woody shoots. Energy and emission parameters were evaluated by conducting technical evaluation (lower heating value, ash content, volatile matters content, moisture content, fixed carbon) and elemental analysis (carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen, sulphur and oxygen contents) of one-year, two-year and three-year vine shoots. In addition, emission factors for CO, CO2, NOx, SO2 and dust were estimated. The study showed that there was no significant differences between years under study (2020, 2021 and 2022) and energy and emission parameters. It was observed that the highest LHV (lower heating value) occurred in the ‘Regent’ cultivar while the lowest level in the ‘Rondo’ cultivar. As regards energy-emission parameters, a significant influence of cultivar (‘Solaris’, ‘Rondo’, ‘Seyval Blanc’ and ‘Regent’) was shown on the parameters studied except for nitrogen content and NOx emission index. The interaction of year and cultivar showed no significant differences except for the moisture content.

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The analysis of energy potential in vine leaves of the ‘Regent’ cultivar as bio-waste depending on the year of cultivation and the type of rootstock used

Kapłan Magdalena, Maj Grzegorz, Klimek Kamila E.

Journal of Water and Land Development

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2023

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no. 58

171--177

EN

The study evaluated physicochemical properties of bio-waste as a potential biofuel in the form of leaves from ‘Regent’ grapevines grown on six different rootstocks and a control grown on its own roots for three years of cultivation. An elemental analysis was carried out, determining the content of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and sulphur in the leaves tested. A technical analysis of the biofuel was also carried out to determine the content of moisture, volatile matter, and ash. The calorimetric method was used to determine the higher heating value for the material. Fixed carbon and oxygen carbon was calculated based on the elemental and technical analyses. The study showed that the type of rootstock and the year of cultivation influence the amount of leaves obtained from the cultivation area. Leaf entrustment per hectare ranged from 1,140,868.02 in rootstock 161-49 to 1,265,286.7 Mg∙ha-1 in rootstock SO4. Regardless of the year of the study, shrubs grafted on 125AA rootstock and the control had the highest combustion heat of 17.5 MJ∙kg-1 and 17.6 MJ∙kg-1 respectively, while 5BB rootstock had the lowest combustion heat (16.4 MJ∙kg-1). Statistical analysis showed no significant effect of test year on the elemental and technical parameters evaluated. It was observed that regardless of the evaluated parameter and the type of rootstock in most parameters, the values in 2022 were the highest, while in 2021 they were the lowest.

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Management of biomass of selected grape leaves varieties in the process of methane fermentation

Klimek Kamila E., Wrzesińska-Jedrusiak Edyta, Kapłan Magdalena, Łaska-Zieja Barbara

Journal of Water and Land Development

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2022

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no. 55

17--27

EN

Biogas plants are one of the most stable sources of renewable energy. Currently, there is a noticeable increase in the amount of post-production residues from agricultural production and agri-food processing (fruit and vegetable processing, fermentation, beet pulp, or lignocellulosic waste), which, can be used for biogas production after appropriate pretreatment. The aim of this study was to examine the possibility of using the biomass produced during the cultivation of grapes on a selected farm as a substrate for a biogas plant, taking into account the production process. The research was carried out in 2018-2020 in a vineyard located in the Sandomierz Upland in the south-eastern part of Poland. Own rooted vines were grown as a single continuous string with a trunk height of 40 cm and a length of one fixed arm approx. 0.9 m, on which six pivots were left every year after applying a short cut, from which 12-16 fruit shoots were derived, the so-called grapevines. Leaves were collected at random from three locations on the fruiting shoot, a total of 30 leaves in each replicate. Each sample consisted of 1/3 of the leaves collected at the bottom, 1/3 in the middle, and 1/3 at the top of the canopy. Leaf area was estimated with a model 3100 area meter on a sample of 30 leaves from each replicate. Both the quantity and quality of the obtained material as a substrate for methane fermentation were evaluated. Biogas yield tests in optimal conditions for mesophilic bacteria were conducted on three substrate samples referred to as ‘Regent’, ‘Seyval Blanc’, and ‘Solaris’. The yields of the tested material ranged from 51.0 to 59.0 Nm3 biogas per Mg of biomass.

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Wpływ metody suszenia na stabilność fitozwiązków i aktywność przeciwutleniającą owoców Rosa canina L.

Klimek Kamila, Najda Agnieszka, Saadatian Mohamad, Wrzesińska-Jędrusiak Edyta, Piekarski Wiesław, Kapłan Magdalena, Święciło Agata

Przemysł Chemiczny

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2020

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T. 99, nr 4

528--531

PL

Zbadano wpływ suszenia owoców Rosa canina L. metodą konwekcyjną, mikrofalową i sublimacyjną na aktywność przeciwutleniającą (test DPPH) oraz na całkowitą zawartość kwasu askorbinowego (AA), flawonoidów i polifenoli (TPC), w przeliczeniu na kwas galusowy (GAL). Parametry procesu suszenia owoców róży wpływały na ich właściwości prozdrowotne. Wykazano, że zawartość AA w suszonych owocach była mniejsza niż w świeżych odpowiednikach, przy czym najmniejszą stratę zanotowano w przypadku sublimacji. Zwiększenie mocy mikrofal ze 100 do 200 W przyspieszyło utratę wilgoci i flawonoidów podczas suszenia. Podwyższenie temperatury procesu suszenia z 60 do 70°C w przypadku liofilizacji spowodowało znaczne zmniejszenie zawartości AA, a podczas suszenia konwekcyjnego istotnie zwiększyło ilość polifenoli w surowcu. Stwierdzono, że niezależnie od metody suszenia flawonoidy są bardziej stabilne podczas stabilizacji surowca. Aktywność przeciwutleniająca zależała od metody suszenia i zawartości polifenoli.

EN

Rosa canina L. fruits were dried by convective, microwave and sublimation methods to det. their effect on the total content of ascorbic acid (AA), polyphenols (TPC) and flavonoids, as well as on the antioxidant activity. The AA content in dried fruits was lower than in the fresh ones. The sublimation gave the highest AA content (242 mg/100 g). The increasing the microwave power from 100 to 200 W resulted in an accelerated loss of moisture and flavonoids during drying. The increasing the temp. of the freeze-drying from 60 to 70°C resulted in a drastic decrease in AA content. The increase in temp. from 60 to 70°C during convection drying resulted in a significant increase in the polyphenol content. Regardless of the drying method, flavonoids were more stable during the drying. The antioxidant activity depended on the drying method and polyphenol content.