Filozofia zrównoważonego budownictwa i gospodarki obiegu zamkniętego, gdzie materiały budowlane już raz zastosowane, po odpowiednim przetworzeniu, mogą być ponownie wykorzystane przy produkcji cementu (betonu), znajduje odzwierciedlenie także w normalizacji. Przykładem takiego podejścia jest projekt normy prEN 197-6 „Cement - Part 6: Cement with recycled building materials” [1], który definiuje nowy główny składnik cementu, jakim są frakcje drobne (pyły) z recyklingu betonu (z ang. recycled concrete fines) o oznaczeniu normowym F. Będą mogły one stanowić interesujący składnik cementu, zwłaszcza przy ograniczonej dostępności szeroko stosowanych w składzie cementu, zarówno popiołów lotnych, jak i granulowanego żużla wielkopiecowego.
EN
The philosophy of sustainable construction and circular economy, where building materials once used, after appropriate processing, can be reused in the production of cement (concrete) is also reflected in standardization. An example of such an approach is the draft standard prEN 197-6 „Cement - Part 6: Cement with recycled building materials” [1], which defines a new main component of cement, which is recycled concrete fines with the standard designation F. They can be an interesting component of cement, especially with the limited availability of widely used in the composition of cement, both fly ashes and granulated blast furnace slag.
The aim of the paper is the identification of factors which into the essential manner bear on the increase in value of firms in Polish economic conditions. The value of firm is represented by the difference between a rate of return from the equity capital and a minimum rate of return expected by owners, represented by the cost of the equity capital - so-called spread, that is to say over the average rate of return from the book-keeper of the value of the equity capital. Analyzed data referred to 393 companies of the Treasure of State and proceeded from years 2002-2004. In the model with endogenous variable spread one made allowance for 15 potential explanatory variables. Because of the great number of potential explanatory variables, at final choice of explanatory variable backward and forward stepwise regression methods were used. After the use of these procedures one received in every year 3 explanatory variables. Estimated models were characterized with the high adjustment and statistically significant parameters. In every year appeared as explanatory variable return of assets, in two years appeared inventory turnover and also the capital multiplier. So the final conclusion is that these variables have the greatest influence on the creation of value of Polish firms.
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