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1 Scientific Papers of Silesian University of Technology. Organization and Management Series
1 Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska
1 Zeszyty Naukowe. Prace Instytutu Ekonomiki i Organizacji Przedsiębiorstw / Uniwersytet Szczeciński

2 Kozuń-Cieślak G.

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Foreign investors in special economic zones in Poland

Kozuń-Cieślak G.

Zeszyty Naukowe. Prace Instytutu Ekonomiki i Organizacji Przedsiębiorstw / Uniwersytet Szczeciński

2007

Nr 50, t. 2

543-552

To encourage the Polish regions which were the most affected by the transition, 14 Special Economic Zones were established, which provide special incentives for business, e.g. tax exemptions. The above analyses enable the following conclusions: -Twelve years after the date when Special Economic Zones were established they are developed in 70%, and the gaps between the most and the least developed Zones are quite big. Investors prefer Zones that have been allocated on the south and south-west border of Poland; -In 2005 nearly 80% of the capital invested in SEZs was foreign origin, coming mainly (66%) from three countries: the United States, Germany and Japan, but investors from EU member countries represent the most numerous group; -The dominant companies in the Zones comprised the companies representing the motor industry sector which accounted for over 40% of the total investment in the SEZs. According to the estimates, appropriate economic transformation in Poland and keeping a 5% economic growth rate in Poland require approx. USD 10 billion of annual FDI inflow7. For this reason, creating a good, stable climate and favorable conditions for foreign investments is particularly important, all the more so that the competition among new EU member states is really strong. However, it must be remembered that success in attracting foreign investment is not just the result of simply declared readiness to accept foreign capital, but is accomplished through a combination of political, economic and social factors, which combined are the basis for an evaluation the host country's investment attractiveness. Still, it should be stressed that the foreign capital invested in SEZs constitutes only about 7% of the total FDI inward stock in Poland in 2005.

Obligacje przychodowe jako instrument pozyskiwania zwrotnych środków finansowych

Kozuń-Cieślak G.

Zeszyty Naukowe. Organizacja i Zarządzanie / Politechnika Śląska

2003

z. 13

105-115

Znowelizowana w 2000 roku ustawa o obligacjach wprowadziła nowy rodzaj instrumentu dłużnego, tzw. obligacje przychodowe, których emitentami mogą być jednostki samorządu terytorialnego oraz spółki prawa handlowego wykonujące zadania z zakresu użyteczności publicznej. Potencjalnie ten typ obligacji spełnia wszelkie warunki, aby stać się szeroko stosowanym instrumentem pozyskiwania zwrotnych środków pieniężnych oraz finansowania inwestycji w zakresie infrastruktury technicznej i społecznej, świadczącej usługi o charakterze komercyjnym. Tymczasem do tej pory nie zostały znowelizowane żadne emisje tego typu obligacji.

The Band Act amended in 2000 introduced a new kind of a "debt instrument" so called revenue bonds which can be emitted by individual municipal governments and commercial law companies that perform tasks from the public services sector. This type of bonds, potentially executes all conditions to become a widely recognised instrument used to get repayable financial resources in order to finance investments from technical and civil infrastructure and also to serve commercial services. However, no such emissions have been realised so far.