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1
Content available A note on optical materials for photolithography applications
Jain A., Roszkiewicz A., Nasalski W.
IPPT Reports on Fundamental Technological Research
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2018
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nr 3
1--41
EN
Optical lithography or photolithography is well-established optical tool for patterning of substrates, layers or photonic crystals. Therefore, the materials involved in these processes play an important role, especially for the possibility of their further advancements and optimisation. In this review article, we discuss on the role and significance of photoresist materials from various perspectives like their performance in photonic applications and their dependence on various physical and chemical parameters. Further, several emerging now two-dimensional materials like graphene has also been discussed from photonic point of view. We aim to give a short overview of recent developments of such materials in this field.
PL
Fotolitografia jest dobrze znanym procesem pozwalającym na tworzenie wzorów na podłożach, warstwach czy kryształach fotonicznych. W związku z tym materiały wykorzystywane w tym procesie pełnią istotną rolę, zwłaszcza ze względu na dalszy możliwy rozwój dziedziny oraz optymalizację procesu. W tym artykule przeglądowym omawiamy rolę i znaczenie fotorezystu z różnych perspektyw, np. jego wydajność w zastosowaniach fotonicznych czy zależność od różnych parametrów fizycznych i chemicznych. Ponadto, omawiamy wiele powstających obecnie dwuwymiarowych materiałów, jak grafen, z punktu widzenia fotoniki. Naszym celem jest przedstawienie krótkiego przeglądu ostatnich osiągnięć w dziedzinie tego typu materiałów wykorzystywanych w fotolitografii.
2
Content available Extraordinary optical transmission and vortex excitation by periodic arrays of Fresnel zone plates
Roszkiewicz A., Nasalski W.
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences
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2013
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Vol. 61, nr 4
855--861
EN
Extraordinary optical transmission and good focusing properties of a two-dimensional scattering structure is presented. The structure is made of Fresnel zone plates periodically arranged along two orthogonal directions. Each plate consists of two ring-shaped waveguides supporting modes that match the symmetry of a circularly polarized incident plane wave. High field concentration at the focal plane is obtained with the short transverse and long longitudinal foci diameters. Optical vortex excitation in a paraxial region of the transmitted field is also observed and analysed in terms of cross-polarisation coupling. The structure presented may appear useful in visualization, trapping and precise manipulations of nanoparticles.
3
Content available remote Elegant Hermite-Gaussian and Laguerre-Gaussian beams at a dielectric interface
Nasalski W.
Optica Applicata
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2010
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Vol. 40, nr 3
615--622
EN
Basic features of narrow optical beam interactions with a dielectric interface are analysed. It is shown that two types of paraxial beams - elegant Hermite-Gaussians of linear polarization and elegant Laguerre-Gaussians of circular polarization - can be treated as vector normal modes of the interface. Excitation of higher-order modes by cross-polarization coupling is described and changes of mode indices induced by transmission and reflection matrices are evaluated. Optical vortex excitation and splitting are theoretically predicted and confirmed by numerical simulations.
4
Content available Cross-polarized normal mode patterns at a dielectric interface
Nasalski W.
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences
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2010
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Vol. 58, nr 1
141-154
EN
Basic features of narrow optical beam interactions with a dielectric interface are analysed. As it was recently shown, two types of paraxial beams – elegant Hermite-Gaussians of linear polarization and elegant Laguerre-Gaussians of circular polarization – can be treated as vector normal modes of the interface [1]. In this contribution the problem of normal modes is discussed with special attention paid for the case of beam oblique incidence. Excitation of higher-order modes by cross-polarization coupling is described and it is shown that this process critically depends on a propagation direction of the incident beam. Besides the expected changes of mode indices induced by generalised transmission and reflection matrices, the new phenomenon of optical vortex spectral splitting at the interface is revealed and off-axis spectral placements of the splitted vortices are determined. Results of numerical simulations given here for beam reflection entirely confirm theoretical predictions even for beams beyond the range of paraxial approximation.
5
Surface plasmon polariton applications in selected branches of modern science and technology
Roszkiewicz A., Szabelak W., Nasalski W.
Journal of Technical Physics
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2009
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Vol. 50, no 1
3-16
EN
Surface plasmon polaritons (SPP), electromagnetic waves coupled to collective free electron oscillations in metal, are of great interest in many fields of science and technology. This branch, which has recently undergone very rapid growth, gives hope to obtain new generation of very fast computer chips, produce more sensitive detectors, directly visualize fragile nanoobjects and design new metamaterials, which are responsible for interesting and counterintuitive phenomena such as reverse refraction and electromagnetic cloaking. The most interesting features and applications of SPP in various fields of technology are presented.
6
Content available remote Transmission of Elegant Laguerre-Gaussian beams at a dielectric interface - numerical simulations
Szabelak W., Nasalski W.
Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences. Technical Sciences
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2009
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Vol. 57, nr 2
181-188
EN
Behavior of Laguerre-Gaussian beams impinged at a dielectric interface under distinct angles is discussed. For different incident angles the beams interact with the interface differently. Two ranges of incident angles, specified by a position of a spectral cone of beam field and related to a cross-polarization effect, are analyzed. Boundary between these two ranges is defined. Cases of critical incidence and total internal reflection are also discussed. Paraxial beams near the lower paraxial limit are considered. Theoretical predictions are confirmed by numerical simulations.
7
Content available remote Diagonal relations between elegant Hermite-Gaussian and Laguerre-Gaussian beam fields
Pagani Y., Nasalski W.
Opto-Electronics Review
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2005
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Vol. 13, No. 1
51--60
EN
Standard Hermite-Gaussian and standard Laguerre-Gaussian diagonal beams can be expressed by similar summation of non-diagonal standard Hermite-Gaussian beams with expansion coefficients that are equal in magnitude in both cases. We show theoretically and numerically that the same relations hold also for elegant Hermite-Gaussian beams and elegant Laguerre-Gaussian beams. On the other hand, our theoretical estimations and numerical simulations show substantial differences between standard and elegant beams in their phase transverse distribution and evolution of this distribution during beam propagation.
8
Three-dimensional beam scattering at multilayers : formulation of the problem
Nasalski W.
Journal of Technical Physics
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2004
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Vol. 45, no 2
121-139
EN
A problem of three-dimensional optical beam scattering at a dielectric multilayer is analysed. Scattering and transfer matrices of the layered structure are derived for incidence of beams of arbitrary polarization. Transmission and reflection matrices are given in a diagonal form dependent on polarization of an incident beam. Factorisation of these matrices results in scalar complex transformations, separately for beam polarization and for beam amplitudes. While the polarization transformations describe the multilayer action in terms of Lorentz transformations, the amplitude transformations yield spatial beam shaping. The scattering vector problem resolves into two independent scalar transformations.
9
Content available remote Beam switching at planar photonic structures
Nasalski W.
Opto-Electronics Review
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2001
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Vol. 9, No. 3
280-286
EN
Beam reflection at a focusing nonlinear-linear interface near critical incidence of total internal reflection is analysed. Basics of the three-dimensional formulation of the problem are outlined. Numerical simulations of the beam reflection are presented. It is shown that owing to cross focusing and deformations of incident and reflected beams, a bistable switch is possible to achieve. Characteristic features of this switch are discussed.
10
Beam switching at a nonlinear-linear interface
Nasalski W.
Journal of Technical Physics
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2000
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Vol. 41, no 3
201-218
EN
Reflection of a beam incident front a nonlinear Kerr medium at a nonlinear-linear dielectric interface is analysed for incidence close to the critical angle of total internal reflection. The problem is formulated and solved within the frame of a reduced variational technique. The solution obtained is interpreted in terms of aberrationless effects of nonlinear propagation and nonspecular effects of nonlinear reflection. A bistable switch in the reflected beam power, waist position and diameter, as well as in the beam ais direction, is demonstrated. A position of a bistable loop indicates that the nature of the switch is qualitatively different from that predicted by the plane wave analysis. It is shown that these differences result from self-focusing of the incident and reflected beams, their mutual cross-phase modulation and large nonspecular deformations of the reflected beam.
11
Wigner distribution function for propagation in a nonlinear Kerr medium
Nasalski W.
Journal of Technical Physics
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1998
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Vol. 39, no 1
105-114
EN
Beam propagation in a nonlinear Kerr medium is considered within a frame of first-order nonlinear optics. An optical signal of cylindrical symmetry is described by its variance matrix of second-order moments. The beam propagation through the nonlinear sample is traced by a nonlinearly modified ray transfer matrix. The Wigner distribution function in a novel semi-linear analytic form is defined by use of booth these matrices in a scaled phase space. Numerical data pertaining to beam tracing at a self-trapping power level are given for initially chirped signals and for propagation distances that include self-collapse points.
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