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1
Content available remote Preparation of sulfonated polysulfone membrane for enzymes immobilisation
EN
The paper presents a method for the preparation of sulfonated polysulfone in order to receive a matrix to immobilisation of biomolecules. Optimum conditions of the synthesis are described. The phase inversion method was used to prepare a sulfonated polysulfone membrane and then urease was immobilized on the surface of the prepared matrix. Comparison of activity of native urease and the immobilized urease is presented.
EN
The aim of the present study was to verify a system for continuous monitoring of feet temperature. The temperature measurement system developed in cooperation of the Center for Biomedical Technology (Krems, Austria) and Digilog Inc. (Perg, Austria) company was used for monitoring of the skin temperature on foot. The temperature monitoring devices are wirelessly controlled and they could be encapsulated in order to achieve waterproofing and facilitate disinfection with liquid disinfectant. The skin temperature measurements were performed every 1 or 5 minutes. Two healthy subjects were monitored for 7-9 days. The preliminary system application showed its usefulness in continuous temperature monitoring of feet.
3
Content available remote Comparison of the wound area assessment methods in the diabetic foot syndrome
EN
The paper presents results of comparison of the wound area assessment methods in the diabetic foot syndrome (DFS). Wound size is a basic parameter that is used to evaluate efficacy of the applied treatment. Four measurement methods were used: the rulers, the planimetric Visitrak (Smith & Nephew, England), the Silhouette (Aranz Medical, New Zealand) applying lasers, digital photography and planimetry as well as the patient's module of TeleDiaFoS telecare system with the foot scanning capabilities. Study group consisted of 18 DFS patients. Nineteen wounds were successfully measured with all 4 methods. The results of the Visitrak and the Silhouette can be used interehangeably (r = 0.994, slope = 1.01, intercept = 0.154 cm2). For the other systems strong linear relationships exist that can be used to convert the wound area measured with one method to the corresponding value of another method. The correlation coefficients higher than 0.985 were obtained in ease of 3 systems: Visitrak, Silhouette and TeleDiaFoS. The TeleDiaFoS system can provide a physician with the patient-self-taken wound images that can be used for reliable assessment of the wound healing process during home tele-monitoring of the DFS patients.
EN
This study presents actually available membrane systems devoted to therapeutic and diagnostic applications. In particular LDL apheresis systems including new Two Stage Membrane System with Recirculation (TSMS) and the microdialysis technique are discussed. Application of the membrane systems to therapeutic purposes with utilization of methods improving the selectivity of LDL cholesterol removal cause decrease of albumin losses. Application of quasi-continuous monitoring using microdialysis technique during intensive treatment provided in some cases a completely new quality data, which may be helpful in the profound understanding of the pathophysiology of the specified diseases.
5
Content available remote Microdialysis technique in monitoring of the patient's metabolic state
EN
Frequent daily monitoring of the blood glucose level is not an adequately efficient method to maintain long-term normoglycemia and especially to prevent hypoglycemia in many diabetic patients. Continuous glucose measurement systems are currently being developed. The minimally invasive methods are mainly connected with measurements in the interstitial fluid (ISF). With the electroenzymaitic sensor implanted, the ISF glucose continuously reacts with the sensor’s enzyme, and the resulting current is proportional to the glucose concentration. Another possibility can be application of the microdialysis technique (MDS) - technique to monitor the biochemistry of the extracellular space in living tissue. The aim of the study was to review systems for continuous glucose measurements using the microdialysis technique and to present preliminary results of an application of this technique to monitoring of the patient’s metabolic state in ketoacidosis. The first prototype of a system for continuous glucose measurements,was designed and developed in Ulm. Currently, a few similar systems with application of the microdialysis are being developed and tested. The most interesting of them are Accu Chek (Roche Diagnostics), GlucoDay (Menarini) and Gluc-Online (Roche/Disetronic). The MDS technique can be applied, for example, to characterize the patient’s metabolic state in ketoacidosis during application of the standard treatment by measurements of the biochemical parameters, like glucose, lactate and glycerol, in the interstitial fluid. This study was performed by the authors in cooperation with the Clinic of Gastroeneterology and Metabolic Diseases, Medical University in Warsaw. The first presented results indicate that, after the initial hydration, the glycemia, glycerol and lactate levels correlated in a very different way with the reference measurements from blood. No distinct delays between the measurements performed in the studied compartments were observed. It can be stated that the analysis of the courses of the biochemical compounds, involved in the glucose metabolism, in the interstitial and in the blood compartments may be helpful to better understand the pathophysiology of the diabetic ketoacidosis, and consequently, its application can lead to an improvement of the current standard treatment.
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