Elimination of hydrogen sulfide from gaseous streams by biological treatments is a promising alternative procedure, among them biotrickling reactor seems a reliable and efficient system. To maximize the performance, strains should have high hydrogen sulfide elimination efficiency; excellent carriers should be selected where the microbes can be immobilized. Various carriers were used as the support medium for the immobilization of Thiobacillus thioparus and a continuous biotrickling reactor was constructed and operated for H2S elimination. It was found that such systems with Mavicell and Kaldnes supports are able to remove H2S from gas mixtures with high efficiency (95–100%), and the elimination capacity was calculated as a high as 30–40 g S/(m3·h).
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On of the most promising technologies in the disposal of agro-industrial organic wastes is biodegradation under anaerobic circumstances. The major, profitable product of anaerobic degradation is biogas, from the environmental aspect a renewable resource. To enhance biogas production and produce a methane-rich final product an integrated anaerobic membrane bioreactor filled with moving biofilm carriers was designed. In this study, the intensification of anaerobic fermenter was investigated by using polyvinyl-alcohol (PVA) gel beads as biofilm carriers. The solid retention time can be increased by attaching microorganisms to PVA-gel beads and as a result the efficiency of biogas production can be improved. Two laboratory-scale anaerobic fermenters were run in parallel, one with biofilm carriers and one without. The results showed that, compared to the control system, in the carrier-filled fermenter the efficiency of biogas production was enhanced by 28% as a result of the biofilm formation on the surface of the carriers. In addition, the COD concentration of the effluent was decreased by 80-88%, 10% more than in the control reactor.
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