Intercrops can play important role in the absorption of CO2 emitted during the combustion of fossil fuels. They allow us to grow additional biomass on agricultural land what leads to the absorption of carbon dioxide in the photosynthesis process. Biomass produced could be used for the production of syngas and biogas. Thus intercrops grown in Poland sequestrate from 1.14 to 1.84 t C/ha globally they sequestrate about 1.9 million t C/year and provide the raw material for the production of 739 million m3 of syngas/year.
The role of catch crops in modern agriculture has increased in recent years. In addition to a production of animal feed, they have a positive impact on quality of soil. This study determined the suitability of selected stubble catch crops (white mustard, lacy phacelia, and a mixture of faba bean + spring vetch) to improve production, economic and energy effects of spring wheat grown in 3-year monoculture relative to the control treatment (without catch crops). Two tillage systems were used: conventional tillage and no-tillage (conservation tillage). A field study was conducted over the period 2014-2016 at the Czeslawice Experimental Farm, Lubelskie Voivodeship, Poland. The study proved the high suitability of catch crops to increase the spring wheat yields (under both tillage systems). Regardless of the catch crops, the productivity of wheat was higher under conventional tillage. The catch crops (in particular white mustard) and the conservation tillage system contributed to an improved energy efficiency index of production. The white mustard catch crop also had the most beneficial effect on the economic profitability of spring wheat production. This was due to the low cost of cultivation of this catch crop and its beneficial impact on obtaining high yields of spring wheat.
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