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Determining the performance of HR-GNSS and RTS geodetic techniques for Structural Health Monitoring

Topal Guldane Oku, Akpinar Burak

Advances in Geodesy and Geoinformation

2024

Vol. 73, no. 2

art. no. e53, 2024

This study investigates the effectiveness of geodetic methods in Structural Health Monitoring (SHM), focusing on the utilization of the High-Rate Global Navigation Satellite System (HR-GNSS) and Robotic Total Station (RTS) for monitoring structural movements. Experiments were conducted on a horizontal single-axis shake table to simulate various frequencies and amplitudes. Data were analyzed using time series and Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) techniques to evaluate the performance of geodetic measurement methods in SHM studies Two applications were conducted using a single-axis shake table. In the first, the table oscillated at 0.25 Hz frequency and 20 mm amplitude, while data from a GNSS receiver on the upper table underwent processing with the TRACK module of GAMIT/GLOBK software using the kinematic post-process (KPP) GNSS technique. In the second, the reflector on the shake table moved through eight oscillations at various amplitudes and frequencies, monitored automatically with a LEICA TPS1200 RTS. Time series and FFT analyses were performed on all application data to determine oscillation frequencies and amplitudes. Method accuracy was assessed by comparing these values with data from the shake table’s high-precision position sensor (Linear Variable Differential Transformer-LVDT). Results showed good agreement between HR-GNSS measurements and LVDT data, with a -1.6mm amplitude difference for KPP GNSS. Additionally, RTS measurements accurately determined frequency values, with amplitude differences ranging from 0.2 mm to 6.5 mm. Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) values for eight RTS tests, covering frequencies between 0.25-0.50 Hz and amplitudes between 4.5-73.4 mm, varied from 2.1mm to 6.3mm, reflecting performance variability across different conditions.

The efficiency of single base and network RTK for Structural Health Monitoring

Topal Güldane Oku, Akpinar Burak

Advances in Geodesy and Geoinformation

2022

Vol. 71, no. 2

art. no. e28, 2022

With the developing technology and increasing construction, the importance of structural observations, which are of great significance in disaster management, has increased. Geodetic methods have been preferred in recent years due to their high accuracy and ease of use in Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) Surveys. In this study, harmonic oscillation tests have been carried out on a shake table to determine the usability of the Single Base and the Network Real-Time Kinematic (RTK) Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) method in SHM studies. It is aimed to determine the harmonic movements of different amplitudes and frequencies created by the shake table with 20 Hz multi-GNSS equipment. The amplitude and frequency values of the movements created using Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and Time Series Analysis have been calculated. The precision of the analysis results has been determined by comparing the LVDT (Linear Variable Differential Transformer) data, which is the position sensor of the shake table, with the GNSS data. The advantages of the two RTK methods over each other have been determined using the calculated amplitude and frequency differences. As a result of all experiments, it has been determined that network and single base RTK GNSS methods effectively monitor structural behaviours and natural frequencies.