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1
Content available Assessment of economic effectiveness in the sources of renewable energy
Kusto Z., Domagalski J., Saczuk J.
Eco-Energetics : technologies, environment, law and economy
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2018
|
T. 1
33--40
EN
Economic efficiency of a small unconventional source of distributed generation is calculated by comparison of the source’s costs for heat and/or electricity with the costs of conventional generation. This paper describes the incremental cost method (MKN), which resembles the long-known LLC method.
2
Content available Relacje Norwegii z USA i FR w świetle nowych wyzwań na północnej flance NATO
Domagalski J.
Zeszyty Naukowe AON
|
2014
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nr 3(96)
80-106
PL
Celem artykułu jest analiza polityki bezpieczeństwa Norwegii, jej priorytetów, uwarunkowań i zagrożeń w związku z szybko zmieniającą się sytuacją międzynarodową w obszarze euroatlantyckim. Autor stawia kwestię jakie są implikacje sąsiedztwa Norwegii z Rosją i jak interesy gospodarcze Norwegii w Arktyce są zdeterminowane względami jej polityki bezpieczeństwa. Ważną kwestią jest, jaką rolę Norwegia odgrywa w polityce USA na północnej flance Sojuszu. Punktem wyjścia analizy międzynarodowej pozycji Norwegii i jej roli w obszarze bezpieczeństwa jest wybór Jensa Stoltenberga na sekretarza generalnego NATO. Autor ocenia politykę arktyczną Norwegii i wskazuje, że Arktyka jest i może być miejscem współpracy, konkurencji i konfliktu interesów. W jego opinii, wpływ Norwegii na politykę międzynarodową wynika także z jej pozycji jako eksportera na rynku energetycznym i z jej przynależności do ekskluzywnego klubu państw przybrzeżnych Arktyki. Autor wysuwa wniosek, że pozycja Norwegii w NATO będzie wzrastać przede wszystkim z powodu wzrostu ekonomicznego i politycznego znaczenia Arktyki, jak też ze względu na jej pozycję jako państwa flankowego Sojuszu, posiadającego wspólną granicę lądową z Rosją.
EN
The aim of the article is to analyse the security policy of Norway, its priorities, conditions and threats against the rapidly changing international situation in the Euro-Atlantic area. The author raises the questions of what implications there are regarding Norway’s proximity to Russia and how Norwegian economic interests in the Arctic are determined by its considerations of security policy. An important issue is the role that Norway plays in US policy on the north flank of the Alliance. The starting point for the analysis of Norway’s international position and its role in the area of security was the selection of Jens Stoltenberg as NATO Secretary General. The author assesses the Norwegian Arctic policy and indicates that the Arctic is and can be an even greater area of cooperation, competition and conflict. According to his opinion, the influence of Norway in international politics is also defined by its position as an exporter on the energy market and by Norway’s membership in the exclusive club of shoreline Arctic countries. The author concludes that Norway’s influence in NATO will continue to increase, primarily due to the increase in economic and political importance of the Arctic, mainly because of its common land border with Russia as well as its position as a NATO flank state.
3
Content available Kwestie bezpieczeństwa a interesy gospodarcze w stosunkach Norwegii z Rosją
Domagalski J.
Zeszyty Naukowe AON
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2014
|
nr 3(96)
107-135
PL
Artykuł ma na celu zbadanie zależności pomiędzy interesami gospodarczymi Norwegii a jej polityką bezpieczeństwa. Jest też próbą odpowiedzi na pytanie o perspektywy i możliwości kontynuacji dotychczasowej polityki Norwegii, polegającej na balansowaniu pomiędzy tymi czynnikami w napiętej obecnie sytuacji międzynarodowej. Autor dokonuje oceny stosunków norwesko-rosyjskich z perspektywy historycznych, jak też współczesnych uwarunkowań. Przeprowadza analizę politycznych i gospodarczych relacji obu państw – potentatów na rynku energetycznym. Zwraca uwagę na wspólne i różne interesy w stosunkach pomiędzy Norwegią i Rosją. Wskazuje na różne afiliacje polityczne i militarne Norwegii oraz pozycję małego państwa wobec sąsiedniego mocarstwa. Ukazuje specyfikę polityki energetycznej obu państw, skupiając uwagę przede wszystkim na Arktyce. Autor podkreśla, że Norwegia, dzięki konsekwentnej i mądrej polityce zagranicznej, odgrywa w Arktyce rolę niewspółmiernie dużą w stosunku do swego potencjału. Wskazuje, że małe państwo może być poważnym partnerem także dla mocarstw na wybranym obszarze, w konkretnej dziedzinie i w określonych uwarunkowaniach. Kluczowym pytaniem jest jak rozwój Dalekiej Północy i Arktyki, jednego z najważniejszych priorytetów norweskiej polityki zagranicznej i wewnętrznej, jest determinowany przez czynnik bezpieczeństwa oraz jak wzmacnia on lub ogranicza możliwości osiągnięcia celów norweskiej polityki.
EN
The aim of the article is to examine the relationship between the economic interests of Norway and its security policy. It also attempts to discuss the prospects and possibilites of continuing the current policy of balancing between these factors in the light of a current tense international situation. The author assesses Norwegian-Russian relations from the perspective of historical as well as contemporary conditions. He analyses political and economic relations between these two moguls on the energy market. The article emphasises Russia’s and Norway’s common and particular interests. It points out Norway’s political and military affiliation and a small country’s position against its neighbouring world powers. It also brings up the specifics of both countries’ energy policy, focusing primarily on the Arctic. The author stresses that Norway, thanks to its consistent and wise foreign policy in the Arctic, plays a disproportionately large role in relation to its potential. It points out that a small country in a selected area in a specific field, as well as under certain conditions, can also be a serious partner for Russia. The key question is how the development of the High North and the Arctic, one of the most important priorities of Norwegian foreign and domestic policy, is determined by the security factor and how it enhances or reduces the possibility of accomplishment of Norway’s policy goals.
4
Content available Investigation of the underwater noise produced by ships by means of intensity method
Kozaczka E., Domagalski J., Gloza I.
Polish Maritime Research
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2010
|
nr 3
26-36
EN
This paper presents results of research on spectral structure of underwater noise acoustic field radiated into water by selected ships moving in shallow waters. Underwater acoustic field of ships in motion is associated with acoustic activity of ship mechanisms and equipment under work. Vibration energy radiated by the mechanisms and devices is transmitted by ship structural elements to surrounding water where it is propagated in the form of acoustic waves of a wide frequency band. In this paper are presented results of the research on propagation of energy of acoustic waves in the near fiel, obtained from acoustic pressure measurements by means of two sensors located close to each other.
5
Content available Identification of hydroacoustic wave sources of ship in motion
Kozaczka E., Domagalski J.
Polish Maritime Research
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2010
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nr 4
64-71
EN
This paper deals with results of identification tests of acoustic field spectrum of underwater noise generated by ship in motion. The field is connected with acoustic activity of ship mechanisms and devices in operation. Vibration energy generated by the mechanisms and devices is transferred through ship structural elements to surrounding water where it propagates in the form of acoustic waves of a broad band of frequencies. In the publication results of identification tests of underwater noise generated by a ship in motion, are presented.
6
Content available Identification of ship’s main noises in the hydroacoustics field
Domagalski J., Dobrzeniecki J.
Hydroacoustics
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2010
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Vol. 13
61-66
EN
Paper presents the results of the structure of the hydroacoustics field of different classes’ vessels measurements. Characteristics of underwater noises were described in the form of spectrograms and graphs worked out for different ship’s speeds. These results are representative for hydroacoustic measurements carried out in the shallow sea.
7
Content available Emission of hydroacoustics noise of ships with adjustment propeller
Domagalski J., Dobrzeniecki J.
Hydroacoustics
|
2009
|
Vol. 12
39-44
EN
In the present is furnished results of research of underwater emissions of disturbances in work by ship with adjustable propellers. Verification of level of noise emission was purpose of research dispose by shipping propellers depending on their. Noise have been presented from shipping propellers in background of noise from driving matches dating.
8
Content available Acoustic method of valuation of ships' drive mechanism operation
Domagalski J., Dobrzeniecki J.
Hydroacoustics
|
2008
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Vol. 11
79-86
EN
The paper is presented the method of valuation of ships drive mechanism operation by comparison of noise level in ship's rooms, vibrations in selected places of drive fastening and acoustic disturbances generated by a ship to water environment. Selected researches results are presented in form of graphs.
9
Content available Identification of hydro-acoustic waves emitted from floating units during mooring tests
Kozaczka E., Domagalski J., Grelowska G., Gloza I.
Polish Maritime Research
|
2007
|
nr 4
40-46
EN
Measurements of hydro-acoustic noise emitted from vessels are a.o. a subject of the tests carried out in the control measurement ranges of the Navy. The measurements are performed both on anchored and floating vessels. Acoustic field of vessels is changing along with their speed changing and is associated with acoustic activity of wave sources installed in vessel’s hull (main engines, electric generating sets, reduction gears, pumps, shaft-lines, piping, ventilating ducts etc) as well as hydro-dynamic sources such as screw propellers and water flow around the hull [5, 7]. Vibration energy generated by the onboard devices is transferred through ship structural elements to water where it propagates in the form of hydro-acoustic waves of a wide frequency band.
10
Content available The method of determination of the acoustic characteristics of the ship
Dobrzeniecki J., Domagalski J.
Hydroacoustics
|
2007
|
Vol. 10
25-32
EN
The results of the research on the structure of the emission of the noise that are generated by the ship into the water environment are presented in this paper. The results are representative for the measurements that are carried out in the shallow water and presented in spectrograms and diagrams.
11
Content available Setting time periods of the concentration of the acoustic energy generated to water by ships
Dobrzeniecki J., Domagalski J.
Hydroacoustics
|
2006
|
Vol. 9
39-46
EN
Generating the acoustic energy into the water environmental through the hull of the ship and the ship propeller usually remains in the frequency from the range of single hertz to a few or several kilohertz. In the range of the frequency that was analyzed there are discrete components that are connected with the work of ship’s mechanisms as well as with broadband “noise” that is relevant to phenomenon of cavitation that in some range of work of ship’s propeller can mask discrete components connected for example with the work of the main engine. Fixing the ranges of frequencies in which the acoustic energy from ship’s equipment are concentrated, can facilitate the remote diagnostics of the ship as well as its identification.
12
Content available Investigation of propagation of acoustic wave generated by a moving ship
Gloza I., Domagalski J.
Hydroacoustics
|
2003
|
Vol. 6
183--188
EN
A moving ship is a source of acoustic perturbations resulting from her complex hull being a surface of irregular shape and from a rotational source - the propellers. The sources generate acoustic waves in wide frequency band. In case of a shallow sea the prapagation of the acoustic waves for varying source-detector distances and different frequencies are described applying the modes and ray theory.
13
Struktura pola akustycznego szumów podwodnych jednostki pływającej w polu bliskim
Gloza I., Dobrzeniecki J., Domagalski J.
Prace Naukowe Instytutu Telekomunikacji i Akustyki Politechniki Wrocławskiej. Konferencje
|
2001
|
Vol. 83, nr 27
269-274
EN
Investigations of acoustical field structure of the underwater ship noise in the near field are presented in the paper. These investigations were done for the purpose ship classification.
14
Content available Underwater noise radiated by ships, their propulsion and auxiliary machinery, and propellers
Malinowski S. J., Gloza I., Domagalski J.
Hydroacoustics
|
2001
|
Vol. 4
165--168
EN
These underwater radiated noise and vibration measurements were conducted on a full-scale ship in August 2000. During the trails it was found that several spike noises are dominant. To find the location of high vibration level places and its frequencies, and the machines, which generated high level point noise components, 4 accelerometers were fixed in the engine and auxiliary rooms .We were using this system to find the relationship between certain manoeuvres and the vibration level caused by them. Propellers and engines are usually the major sources of noise in ships but gearboxes can also be significant contributors. The way of mounting of the machines and the resulting vibration of the hull are determining issues in the radiation of underwater noise. Naval Test and Evaluation Acoustic Ranges contain an accurate radiated noise measurement system consisting of a bottom-mounted hydrophone array for sailing condition and a stationary range. The sophisticated digital narrow-band instruments and analogue recorders were used by us.
15
Content available The character of underwater noise radiated by small vessels
Malinowski S. J., Gloza I., Domagalski J.
Hydroacoustics
|
2001
|
Vol. 4
161--164
EN
This paper presents an overview of our initiatives for underwater noise measurements and their acoustic characteristics, which years ago have been applied. Different kinds of surface ships and more importantly submarines radiate high levels of underwater noise which can be detected and tracked by passive sonars. Hostile navies use these signatures for detection and classification of targets. In many cases, not only a vessel as a specific class of warship, but also even the individual ship within a concrete class can be positively identified. The method of narrow-band filtration of the spectrum' s discrete lines at frequencies up to several H: is the basic standard of passive systems for long-distance detection. To find the source of noise, the level of vibration was also measured by accelerometers. Ship' s very own distinctive acoustic signature radiated at discrete frequencies, excited by the machinery, is easily detected and must be decreased as much as possible. Coherence between underwater sound pressure from a moving vessel and vibration during the same run was made.
16
Content available Pomiar dźwięków foki szarej
Malinowski S. J., Gloza I., Domagalski J.
Hydroacoustics
|
2000
|
Vol. 3
177--182
EN
Animals produce a wide range of sounds that can travel at great distances underwater. During the presentation you will listen to the real hydrophone recordings which were made here in Hel. The paper & recordings present the results of sound imitated by grey seals. Signature sounds differ between the individuals. Seals have a well-developed sense of hearing, especially in the water. In the air, their hearing ability is greatly reduced. They have large eyes and their underwater vision is better than a human 's, but even blind mammals are healthy, because the most important sense in the water is hearing, Researchers know that seals have an acute sense of smell on land. This sense is important for mothers identifying their pups. The results of the measurements show that the sound intensity method is worth using, especially in pools , shallow water, and to identify and find the direction of a sound source.
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